Phytoprotection最新文献_第9页

Note du rédacteur en chef 来自编辑的说明

4区农林科学

Phytoprotection Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.7202/044020ar

D. Dostaler

引用次数: 0

Note du rédacteur en chef@@@Note from the editor 编辑的笔记在chef@@@编辑的笔记

4区农林科学

Phytoprotection Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.7202/038979AR

D. Dostaler

引用次数: 0

Characterization of resistance to crenate broomrape (Orobanche crenata) in a new small-seeded line of Tunisian faba beans 突尼斯蚕豆一个小种子新品系对圆齿帚状油菜(Orobanche crenata)的抗性

4区农林科学

Phytoprotection Pub Date : 2008-09-25 DOI: 10.7202/018953AR

Z. Abbes, M. Kharrat, P. Simier, W. Chaïbi

{"title":"Characterization of resistance to crenate broomrape (Orobanche crenata) in a new small-seeded line of Tunisian faba beans","authors":"Z. Abbes, M. Kharrat, P. Simier, W. Chaïbi","doi":"10.7202/018953AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/018953AR","url":null,"abstract":"Orobanche crenata, crenate broomrape, causes major drawbacks in faba bean production in Mediterranean countries. The development of resistant varieties remains the most efficient way to solve this problem. This study was designed to assess the resistance of the breeding line XBJ90.03-16-1-1-1-1 to crenate broomrape, using cv. Bachaar as a susceptible control. Incidence and severity parameters were evaluated in infested fields to values reaching 95% and 4 (on a 1 to 9 scale), respectively, in 'Bachaar', and reaching only 5% and 1.5, in 'XBJ90.03-16-1-1-1-1'. This selected line displayed, at the most, an average of one emerged crenate broomrape individual per plant at crop maturity, whereas 'Bachaar' plants displayed five emerged broomrape individuals under the same conditions. In addition, the seed yield of 'XBJ90.03-16-1-1-1-1' plants was two-fold higher than that of 'Bachaar'. In pot experiments, number and total dry weight of broomrape individuals per plant were significantly higher for 'Bachaar' than for 'XBJ90.03-16-1-1-1-1'. In root chambers, percent germination of broomrape seeds was five-fold lower in the vicinity of 'XBJ90.03-16-1-1-1-1' roots (3%) than close to 'Bachaar' roots (15%). The direct consequence was a limited number of broomrape tubercles per 'XBJ90.03-16-1-1-1-1' plant. Furthermore, tubercle formation on 'XBJ90.03-16-1-1-1-1' roots was delayed by a week compared with the infection process on 'Bachaar' roots. Finally, some features of 'XBJ90.03-16-1-1-1-1' roots were characterized, such as the low amount of exudation of germination stimulant, which, combined with a deep root system, triggers resistance to the parasite.","PeriodicalId":49693,"journal":{"name":"Phytoprotection","volume":"65 1","pages":"83-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85714732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

Effet de diverses souches du Trichoderma sur la croissance d'une culture de tomate en serre et leur aptitude à coloniser les racines et le substrat 不同木霉菌株对温室番茄生长的影响及其在根系和基质上定植的能力

4区农林科学

Phytoprotection Pub Date : 2008-09-25 DOI: 10.7202/018955AR

B. Mouria, Amina Ouazzani-Touhami, A. Douira

{"title":"Effet de diverses souches du Trichoderma sur la croissance d'une culture de tomate en serre et leur aptitude à coloniser les racines et le substrat","authors":"B. Mouria, Amina Ouazzani-Touhami, A. Douira","doi":"10.7202/018955AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/018955AR","url":null,"abstract":"Les champignons du genre Trichoderma, connus depuis 1887 pour leurs proprietes antagonistes, ont ete utilises comme agents de lutte biologique contre un large spectre de phytopathogenes. Recemment, certaines etudes ont demontre l'aptitude des Trichoderma a stimuler la croissance de certaines plantes. Ainsi, l'effet de six souches du Trichoderma sur les parametres de croissance et de rendement d'une culture de tomate en serre a ete etudie. Les resultats montrent que toutes les souches du T. harzianum ont stimule la croissance de la tomate, notamment les biomasses vegetative et racinaire, alors que le T. viride n'a pas eu un effet significativement different par rapport au temoin. L'effet du Trichoderma sur l'incidence des maladies foliaires a aussi ete tres net pour des souches de T. harzianum qui ont protege a 100 % les feuilles de tomate. La colonisation des racines par les differentes souches du Trichoderma ne differe pas significativement entre les souches du T. harzianum (86 a 100 %), alors qu'elle est significativement plus faible pour la souche TV1 du T. viride. De meme, les souches du Trichoderma ont pu se maintenir a un niveau tres eleve dans la rhizosphere par rapport aux temoins.","PeriodicalId":49693,"journal":{"name":"Phytoprotection","volume":"4 4 1","pages":"103-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83478956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

Evaluation of host resistance inducers and conventional products for fire blight management in loquat and quince 枇杷和温病防治寄主抗诱导剂和常规产品的评价

4区农林科学

Phytoprotection Pub Date : 2008-09-25 DOI: 10.7202/018954AR

K. Baştaş, S. Maden

{"title":"Evaluation of host resistance inducers and conventional products for fire blight management in loquat and quince","authors":"K. Baştaş, S. Maden","doi":"10.7202/018954AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/018954AR","url":null,"abstract":"Fire blight disease is one of the most destructive diseases of pome fruits. Due to the lack of effective, non-phytotoxic and publicly acceptable materials for controlling fire blight in pome fruit trees, new strategies to manage Erwinia amylovora fire blight are being sought. The resistance-inducing compounds prohexadione-Ca, harpin protein and benzothiadiazole (acibenzolar-S-methyl), the fertilizer humic acid, the bactericides streptomycin and copper salts, and combinations of copper with chemicals were evaluated for their ability to control fire blight on quince and loquat cultivars. Prohexadione-Ca was applied at a rate of 125 mg L-1 at two shoot lengths (6-12 cm and 15-20 cm), while benzothiadiazole + metalaxyl (135 mg L-1) and harpin (50 mg L-1) were applied when the shoots measured between 15-20 cm, and again at 30-35 cm. On loquat cv. Cukurgobek, benzothiadiazole + metalaxyl showed about 60% effectiveness. The addition of copper salts reduced the effectiveness of benzothiadiazole + metalaxyl. On quince cultivars, streptomycin (P ≤ 0.05) was the most effective treatment during both years, followed by the harpin protein alone and in combination with copper salts. Prohexadione-Ca, benzothiadiazole + metalaxyl, and harpin protein applications reduced disease severity on inoculated shoots compared with copper and untreated controls. Prohexadione-Ca reduced both shoot length and shoot blight on the two hosts. Humic acid applications were ineffective in controlling fire blight on loquat and quince cultivars. Quince cv. Esme showed lower disease severity than cv. Ekmek (P ≤ 0.05). The use of resistance-inducing substances during the early phase of shoot growth may offer a means of managing the shoot blight phase of fire blight disease on quince and loquat.","PeriodicalId":49693,"journal":{"name":"Phytoprotection","volume":"67 1","pages":"93-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89036641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Remise de la Bourse du centenaire SPPQ 2008 Margaret-Newton 颁发2008年SPPQ百年奖学金玛格丽特-牛顿

4区农林科学

Phytoprotection Pub Date : 2008-09-08 DOI: 10.7202/038246AR

D. Pageau

引用次数: 0

L'Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, un nouvel hôte pour le Cochliobolus spicifer et le Setosphaeria rostrata 蔷薇木槿，spicifer Cochliobolus和rostrata Setosphaeria的新宿主

4区农林科学

Phytoprotection Pub Date : 2008-05-21 DOI: 10.7202/018056AR

N. Meddah, A. O. Touhami, A. Douira

引用次数: 4

Effect of temperature, rainfall and planting date on aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination in commercial Bt and non-Bt corn hybrids in Arkansas 温度、降雨和播种日期对阿肯色州商业Bt和非Bt玉米杂交品种黄曲霉毒素和伏马毒素污染的影响

4区农林科学

Phytoprotection Pub Date : 2008-05-21 DOI: 10.7202/018054AR

Hamed K. Abbas, W. Shier, Rick D. Cartwright

{"title":"Effect of temperature, rainfall and planting date on aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination in commercial Bt and non-Bt corn hybrids in Arkansas","authors":"Hamed K. Abbas, W. Shier, Rick D. Cartwright","doi":"10.7202/018054AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/018054AR","url":null,"abstract":"Corn (maize, Zea mays) is susceptible to contamination with aflatoxins, fumonisins and other mycotoxins, particularly in the southeastern USA. In principle, mycotoxin contamination could be reduced in commercial corn hybrids with shorter growing seasons by planting at dates which minimize plant stress during the critical kernel-filling period. To evaluate this strategy, commercial Bt and non-Bt hybrids were planted in Arkansas in mid-April and early May of 2002, 2004 and 2005. The mid-April planting date resulted in lower aflatoxin contamination in harvested corn each yr and in significantly less frequent contamination above a regulatory action level in 2005 and overall than did the early-May planting date in both Bt and non-Bt corn. The mid-April planting date resulted in significantly lower total fumonisin contamination in harvested corn and in less frequent contamination above a regulatory advisory level than the early May planting date in 2 of 3 yr and overall in both Bt and non-Bt corn. All fumonisin subtypes studied were reduced. Frequent co-occurrence of aflatoxin and fumonisin was observed. Fumonisin levels averaged lower in Bt hybrids than in non-Bt hybrids at all plantings. Reduced aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination with mid-April planting could not be explained by any measure of heat stress during the kernel-filling period.","PeriodicalId":49693,"journal":{"name":"Phytoprotection","volume":"52 1","pages":"41-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89848294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 73

Mortality and infection of wireworm, Agriotes obscurus [Coleoptera: Elateridae], with inundative field applications of Metarhizium anisopliae 金龟子绿僵菌田间大面积应用对黑线线虫死亡率和感染的影响

4区农林科学

Phytoprotection Pub Date : 2008-05-21 DOI: 10.7202/018055AR

J. T. Kabaluk, R. Vernon, M. Goettel

{"title":"Mortality and infection of wireworm, Agriotes obscurus [Coleoptera: Elateridae], with inundative field applications of Metarhizium anisopliae","authors":"J. T. Kabaluk, R. Vernon, M. Goettel","doi":"10.7202/018055AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/018055AR","url":null,"abstract":"In an attempt to cause fatal infection of wireworm Agriotes obscurus [Coleoptera: Elateridae], Metarhizium anisopliae was applied in the field as factorial combinations of conidia formulated as granules at 3.68 g granules or 1.25 x 1010 cfu per 196 cm2 (6.38 x 107 conidia cm-2), as conidia mixed with soil at 1.26 x 1010 cfu per 2.986 cm3 soil (4.22 x 106 conidia cm-3 soil), and as conidia-coated wheat seed (100 wheat seeds or 4.16 x 109 cfu per 196 cm2 = 2.12 x 107 conidia cm-2). The treatments resulted in a significantly greater number of mycosed wireworms compared with the control over and during five sampling periods. Significant differences in total wireworm mortality and mycosed wireworms in the field occurred at any time ranging from 15 to 82 d following treatment. The treatments also caused a reduction in the number of wireworms found in the cores, implying that they had a repellent effect. Latent infection of wireworms became apparent after living wireworms from the field treatments died following incubation under laboratory conditions, in numbers significantly greater than the control. This study showed that M. anisopliae can be applied in the field and infect and kill wireworms, but only at concentrations exceeding 4 x 106 conidia cm-3 with the subject isolate, wireworm species, and field conditions used in this study.","PeriodicalId":49693,"journal":{"name":"Phytoprotection","volume":"18 1","pages":"51-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81746265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 38

Hommage de la Société canadienne de phytopathologie 加拿大植物病理学学会致敬

4区农林科学

Phytoprotection Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.7202/038249AR

D. Dostaler

引用次数: 0