Polish Journal of Ecology最新文献_第7页

Phenology of the Alien Invasive Plant Species Prosopis juliflora in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas in Response to Climate Variability and Some Perspectives for Its Control in Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚干旱和半干旱地区外来入侵植物胡枝子对气候变化的响应及其防治前景

IF 0.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Polish Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2020-05-19 DOI: 10.3161/15052249PJE2020.68.1.004

Wakshum Shiferaw, T. Bekele, S. Demissew, E. Aynekulu

{"title":"Phenology of the Alien Invasive Plant Species Prosopis juliflora in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas in Response to Climate Variability and Some Perspectives for Its Control in Ethiopia","authors":"Wakshum Shiferaw, T. Bekele, S. Demissew, E. Aynekulu","doi":"10.3161/15052249PJE2020.68.1.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3161/15052249PJE2020.68.1.004","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study aims to (i) evaluate the phenology of Prosopis juliflora (Prosopis), (ii) investigate the effects of climate variability (temperature and precipitation) on the phenology of Prosopis, and (iii) assess the critical months of seed dispersal for the species management. Monthly data for phenology events: leafing, flowering, green and mature pods were collected from 8 stems of Prosopis trees at each of two localities in Ethiopia during 2016/2017. In Amibara district we found that relative abundances of green leaves, flowering, green pods, and mature pods were 91, 15, 9, and 2% in order. However, these were less than by 8, 53, 91, and 90%, respectively in Awash Fenatle district. The lowest proportions of mature and green pods were recorded in the dry season and the highest in the spring season. We recorded the highest and lowest relative abundances of flowering between November and December, and January and February, respectively. In this study, both temperature (F = 2.01, P = 0.04) and precipitation (F = 2.85, P = 0.01) had shown significant effects on the relative abundances of green leaves but insignificant effects on other phenology stages. Higher green leaf abundances were recorded during high rainfall, whereas lower abundances of leaves were recorded in high temperatures. But, the relative abundances of Prosopis leaves showed inconsistent with the variations of precipitation. Thus, awareness creation for stake holders about the phenology calendar of Prosopis should be given to abandon the invasiveness of the species towards the prime grazing lands in the region.","PeriodicalId":49683,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Ecology","volume":"68 1","pages":"37 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45776884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Are Baseline Glucocorticoid Levels Linked to Aggressive Behaviour in Wild Wood Mice? 基线糖皮质激素水平与野生木鼠的攻击行为有关吗?

IF 0.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Polish Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2020-05-19 DOI: 10.3161/15052249PJE2020.68.1.008

M. C. Hernández, Á. Navarro-Castilla, A. Piñeiro, G. Silván, J. Illera, I. Barja

{"title":"Are Baseline Glucocorticoid Levels Linked to Aggressive Behaviour in Wild Wood Mice?","authors":"M. C. Hernández, Á. Navarro-Castilla, A. Piñeiro, G. Silván, J. Illera, I. Barja","doi":"10.3161/15052249PJE2020.68.1.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3161/15052249PJE2020.68.1.008","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Defensive strategies of prey species constitute a key element to survive and maximise biological fitness in natural environments. However, some of the mechanisms underlaying antipredator behaviours are not clear. Despite previous studies had attempted to unravel the relationship between aggressiveness and glucocorticoids (GC), this association remains uncertain. Our study aimed to find an explicit link between the aggressive behaviour in the wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) and the GC release. For this, a live-trapping study was conducted in the Montes do Invernadeiro Natural Park (NW Spain). We collected faecal samples from 76 captures to measured free-ranging mice baseline faecal corticosterone metabolites (FCM) levels using an enzyme immunoassay. Moreover, we determined the aggressive behaviour of each mice by measuring the number of bites perpetrated upon the researcher while handling. Results of the statistical model showed that aggressive behaviour in mice was not explained by FCM concentrations. On the other hand, a better body condition was associated with the individual's aggressiveness. Moreover, it seems that recaptured individuals tended to be more aggressive, probably because previous experience with this life-threatening event improved the individual's defensive performance in order to successfully escape again.","PeriodicalId":49683,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Ecology","volume":"68 1","pages":"94 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48602029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Current Conservation Status of the Fungus Spongipellis spumeus in Poland Revised Based on New Data 基于新资料的波兰海绵菌保护现状修订

IF 0.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Polish Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2020-05-19 DOI: 10.3161/15052249PJE2020.68.1.001

A. Szczepkowski, Waldemar Kowalczuk

引用次数: 1

Long-Term Population Dynamics of African Ungulates in Waterberg Plateau National Park, Namibia 纳米比亚沃特伯格高原国家公园非洲有蹄类动物的长期种群动态

IF 0.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Polish Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2020-03-06 DOI: 10.3161/15052249PJE2019.67.4.006

E. Kasiringua, Ş. Procheş, G. Kopij

{"title":"Long-Term Population Dynamics of African Ungulates in Waterberg Plateau National Park, Namibia","authors":"E. Kasiringua, Ş. Procheş, G. Kopij","doi":"10.3161/15052249PJE2019.67.4.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3161/15052249PJE2019.67.4.006","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The current study was undertaken to determine long-term population trends (33 years) of ungulate species in the Waterberg National Park (WNP), Namibia, using aerial and waterhole counts of ungulates during the years 1980–2013.We tried to establish how rainfall influences the multi-species population dynamics. During this period sixteen ungulates species were recorded. Among these, eight have shown an increase in numbers during the years 1984–2013, six other decreased, and populations of two other species remained stable. Roan and sable antelope, kudu and warthog were fairly common (with 5–12% of all ungulates recorded). White rhino, black rhino, giraffe, and gemsbok were classified as uncommon (together 11.9%), whilst the remaining eight species were rare (together 1.9%). The eland population showed a weak positive relationship with the annual average rainfall between the years 1981–2013, whereas population sizes of kudu, sable, gemsbok and roan showed a weak negative relationship with the amount of rain. No relationship was detected in giraffe, buffalo and hartebeest populations. We conclude that, irrespective of water supplementation, ungulate densities are to a large extent controlled by rainfall.","PeriodicalId":49683,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Ecology","volume":"67 1","pages":"339 - 353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45754484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphological and Molecular Diversity of Benthic Cyanobacteria Communities Versus Environmental Conditions in Shallow, High Mountain Water Bodies in Eastern Pamir Mountains (Tajikistan) 塔吉克斯坦帕米尔高原东部浅水水体底栖蓝藻群落形态和分子多样性与环境条件的关系

IF 0.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Polish Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2020-03-06 DOI: 10.3161/15052249PJE2019.67.4.002

I. Jasser, I. Kostrzewska-Szlakowska, J. Kwiatowski, D. Navruzshoev, M. Suska-Malawska, Nataliia Khomutovska

{"title":"Morphological and Molecular Diversity of Benthic Cyanobacteria Communities Versus Environmental Conditions in Shallow, High Mountain Water Bodies in Eastern Pamir Mountains (Tajikistan)","authors":"I. Jasser, I. Kostrzewska-Szlakowska, J. Kwiatowski, D. Navruzshoev, M. Suska-Malawska, Nataliia Khomutovska","doi":"10.3161/15052249PJE2019.67.4.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3161/15052249PJE2019.67.4.002","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In mountain desert ecosystems, wetlands around saline and freshwater lakes allow various organisms to thrive and sometimes serve as the only source of drinking water for wild and domestic animals. We present results concerning diversity and structure of cyanobacterial inoculum from Eastern Pamir Mountains' benthic sediments, collected from small water bodies with contrasting salinity, temperature and other chemical parameters. We used morphological identification and molecular NGS techniques based on the amplification of the V3-V4 hypervariable region of 16S rRNA gene. Only a few cyanobacterial taxa have been identified in the preserved samples, while 27 taxa were successfully isolated and identified from the benthic sediments. Metagenomic analysis revealed that the cyanobacterial contribution to benthic bacterial communities was low. Representatives of the order Nostocales dominated in the samples, followed by Synechococcales, while contributions of Oscillatoriales and Chroococcales was much lower. The correlation matrix for the amplicon-based composition of samples clustered together samples of similar salinity and temperature. However, in hierarchical clustering of taxonomic structure of samples, communities with similar structures were not grouped by salinity or temperature. These results suggest that salinity and to some extent temperature, influence the composition of the inoculum, although the structure of the cyanobacterial communities is further shaped by other factors. Our study also demonstrated that the benthic inoculum for cyanobacterial communities contained potentially toxic taxa characteristic of both benthic and planktonic communities.","PeriodicalId":49683,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Ecology","volume":"67 1","pages":"286 - 304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70022292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Temporal Patterns of Wetland-Associated Bird Assemblages in Altered Wetlands in Turkey 土耳其改变湿地中与湿地相关鸟类群落的时间格局

IF 0.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Polish Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2020-03-06 DOI: 10.3161/15052249PJE2019.67.4.004

A. Keten, Erdinc Sarcan, James T. Anderson

{"title":"Temporal Patterns of Wetland-Associated Bird Assemblages in Altered Wetlands in Turkey","authors":"A. Keten, Erdinc Sarcan, James T. Anderson","doi":"10.3161/15052249PJE2019.67.4.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3161/15052249PJE2019.67.4.004","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A loss of wetlands, one of the highly sensitive ecosystems, necessitates the monitoring and assessment of wildlife population trends for the continuity and sustainable management of species. The goal of our study was to evaluate temporal changes in wetland-associated bird composition by conducting monthly counts during December 2006 - November 2007 and March 2015 - February 2016 in Efteni Lake, Duzce, Turkey. This lake has been exposed to structural change including shoreline length, area and depth for the last 50 years. Wetland-associated bird richness decreased, and abundance increased during the decade, but this change was not significant except for two species with an increased population, ferruginous duck Aythya nyroca and great crested grebe Podiceps cristatus. Cluster analyses resulted in two groups: the breeding season from April to September, and the non-breeding season from October to March. The most numerous species were observed mostly during the non-breeding season. Some guilds, including diving carnivores, omnivores, shoreline omnivores and herbivores species were more prevalent during the non-breeding season. The insectivores had higher population densities during the breeding season. Thus, wetland-associated bird abundance during the non-breeding season was higher than during the breeding season, although species richness was the opposite. The planned restoration of habitats of Efteni Lake should have a positive impact on birds by creating more space available to them. Our result should help to better understand the impact of habitat changes on waterbird assemblages. Long-term monitoring of Efteni Lake will be useful for the wetland-associated avian community, and for other animal and plant communities.","PeriodicalId":49683,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Ecology","volume":"67 1","pages":"316 - 330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47053765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Comparing Trophic Niches of Sympatric Raptors in Agricultural Landscape in Central Poland 波兰中部农业景观中寄生猛禽营养生态位的比较

IF 0.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Polish Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2020-03-06 DOI: 10.3161/15052249PJE2019.67.4.005

J. Romanowski, G. Lesiński

{"title":"Comparing Trophic Niches of Sympatric Raptors in Agricultural Landscape in Central Poland","authors":"J. Romanowski, G. Lesiński","doi":"10.3161/15052249PJE2019.67.4.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3161/15052249PJE2019.67.4.005","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT According to basic ecological principle, species that share the same niche do not occupy the same environment for a long time, and sympatry of two or more such species provides an interesting field for the analysis of their trophic niche differentiation. To examine the potential differences in the dimensions of the trophic niche we studied the diet of three sympatric avian predators that prey on colonial Microtus rodents. The study area in central Poland is located in an agricultural landscape, composed of crop fields, as well as meadows and pastures located within a small river valley. The pellets of long-eared owl (Asio otus), barn owl (Tyto alba) and kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) were collected from the 750 m2 study site including church building and its surrounding in the spring of 2016 and 2017. The analysis of pellets provided data on a total of 4128 vertebrate prey individuals (1914 from barn owl, 1749 from long-eared owl, and 465 from kestrel). The most important prey group of all three predators were small mammals (90%, 14 species) and the most frequently preyed species was Microtus arvalis (making up 72% of vertebrate prey of long-eared owl, 59% of kestrel and 53% of barn owl). Despite the general similarity in the diet composition, there were differences in the contribution of several prey species (e.g. Soricomorpha, M. arvalis, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus, and Apodemus spp.) and the diversity of the diet between the predators. We conclude that the trophic niches of the studied sympatric species differ in several dimensions, including diel activity, prey size and taxon-specific feeding preferences.","PeriodicalId":49683,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Ecology","volume":"67 1","pages":"331 - 338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48763902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Winter Diet Variation and Overlap of Sympatric Red Deer and Sika Deer in Northeast China 东北同域马鹿和梅花鹿冬季食性变化及重叠

IF 0.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Polish Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2020-03-06 DOI: 10.3161/15052249PJE2019.67.4.007

Linqiang Zhong, Weiqi Zhang, Miao Yang, Shiyao Wu, Xiaoliang Zhi, Ming-hai Zhang

{"title":"Winter Diet Variation and Overlap of Sympatric Red Deer and Sika Deer in Northeast China","authors":"Linqiang Zhong, Weiqi Zhang, Miao Yang, Shiyao Wu, Xiaoliang Zhi, Ming-hai Zhang","doi":"10.3161/15052249PJE2019.67.4.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3161/15052249PJE2019.67.4.007","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The red deer (Cervus elaphus) and sika deer (C. nippon) are two important and endangered herbivores in northeast China. It is unclear whether potential dietary competition exists between them when they are sympatric in winter. We used micro-histological analysis of faecal samples to determine diet composition and dietary overlap of the red deer and sika deer in northeast China. We found that red deer had a more diverse diet than sika deer, and consumed more shrubs throughout the winter. Euonymus spp. was the most stable and principal food item for both red and sika deers in winter, while the proportions of the three other major food species (Acer spp., Abies spp. and Pinus spp.) were significantly different between the deer species as well as between different winter periods. The proportions of coniferous browse of sika deer increased significantly from early to late winter (20.9 vs 45.4%), while for red deer they remained stable (18.3 vs 23.7%). Crude protein in the red and sika deer's diet was over 7.5% of dry matter in whole winter. Red and sika deer take different strategies to meet their requirements for crude protein. Red deer consumed in winter consistently more shrubs to obtain crude protein and to minimize the intake of tannins, whereas sika deer increased coniferous browse consumption in late winter to meet the crude protein requirement regardless of higher intake of tannin. Our results indicate a high degree of dietary overlap between red and sika deers (range 0.88–0.95), and suggest its further increase in late winter.","PeriodicalId":49683,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Ecology","volume":"67 1","pages":"354 - 366"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44650043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Energetic Asymmetry Connected with Energy Flow Changes in Response to Eutrophication: A Study of Multiple Fish Species in Subtropical Shallow Lakes 富营养化过程中与能量流变化相关的能量不对称:亚热带浅湖多种鱼类的研究

IF 0.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Polish Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2020-03-06 DOI: 10.3161/15052249PJE2019.67.4.003

Hong Fu, Huan Zhang, Liang He, Yongcui Sha, K. Zhao, Yuhan He, Jun Xu

引用次数: 0

Impact of Different Reclamation Modes of Fly Ash Deposits on Species Richness of Spontaneous Flora 粉煤灰堆积场不同开垦方式对自然植物区系丰富度的影响

IF 0.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Polish Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2020-03-06 DOI: 10.3161/15052249PJE2019.67.4.001

R. Gamrat, T. Tomaszewicz, M. Wróbel, Tymoteusz Miller, J. Chudecka, S. Stankowski

{"title":"Impact of Different Reclamation Modes of Fly Ash Deposits on Species Richness of Spontaneous Flora","authors":"R. Gamrat, T. Tomaszewicz, M. Wróbel, Tymoteusz Miller, J. Chudecka, S. Stankowski","doi":"10.3161/15052249PJE2019.67.4.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3161/15052249PJE2019.67.4.001","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The model reclamation process of the studied fly ash deposits has been started in 2003 by formation of five different experimental surface layers containing fly ash and organic matter in various combinations. Then, grass mixture was sown on these surface layers. In 2015, selected properties of plant communities growing on different variants of surface layers applied in the reclamation process were assessed. It was assumed that the type of mineral and organic substrates used in the process and their quality were the main factors affecting the long term plant diversity present on different variants of restored surfaces. The aim of this analysis was the assessment of the effectiveness of ash waste reclamation (carried out on five different types of the surface layer) after 12 years since its initiation. The long term results of the reclamation process showed that the applied surface layers allowed for an effective reclamation of ashes since all variants of experimental surfaces were totally covered by dense vegetation. The predominance of plant species from ruderal and segetal habitats indicated that the soil of the experimental habitats was fertile with neutral and slightly alkaline pH, and texture of sandy loams. The experimental surface layers with a texture of sand of favourable C:N ratio, neutral or slightly alkaline did not limit the plant development. The use of organic waste markedly contributed to the floristic diversity of the spontaneously developed vegetation. Coniferous bark used in some experimental variants had a marked effect on their floristic distinctiveness due to the presence of species preferring habitats of lower pH values.","PeriodicalId":49683,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Ecology","volume":"67 1","pages":"271 - 285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48788750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0