Polish Journal of Ecology最新文献

Oviposition Preferences of the Alcon Large Blue Phengaris alcon (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) at a Seasonal Lake in Southwestern Slovenia 斯洛文尼亚西南部季节性湖泊中爱尔康大蓝翅虫(鳞翅目:Lycaenidae)产卵偏好

4区环境科学与生态学

Polish Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.3161/15052249pje2023.71.1.002

Jure Jugovic, Luka Kostadinovski, Klara Kopač

{"title":"Oviposition Preferences of the Alcon Large Blue Phengaris alcon (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) at a Seasonal Lake in Southwestern Slovenia","authors":"Jure Jugovic, Luka Kostadinovski, Klara Kopač","doi":"10.3161/15052249pje2023.71.1.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3161/15052249pje2023.71.1.002","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the oviposition preferences of Phengaris alcon in relation to the height of the host plant (Gentiana pneumonanthe), the number of flowers, and the choice of microsite for oviposition (part of the host plant, height of oviposition) in a local population of this species in SW Slovenia at a depression of a seasonal lake Petelinje. P. alcon prefers the tallest (most conspicuous) host plants and plants with a larger number of flowers (i.e., more than 90% of all eggs were deposited on 12% of the tallest plants ≥ 30 cm), where eggs are deposited in the upper quarter of the plant height, usually on calyx (66.1%) and corolla (29.9%), and rarely on leaves or stems. Eggs are mostly deposited singly or in groups of two (> 50%) on a single plant, and eggs were found only on less than 3% of examined plants. Butterfly density was estimated at about 60 individuals per hectare. Obtained results indicate that preferences for oviposition sites are not random, and monitoring population density may provide important insight into the future population status of P. alcon.","PeriodicalId":49683,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Ecology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135689145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Presence of Rabbit Warrens in an Agricultural Landscape is Related to Patch Features and Distance to a Highway 农业景观中兔窝的存在与斑块特征和距离公路有关

4区环境科学与生态学

Polish Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.3161/15052249pje2023.71.1.004

Juan A. Delgado, Andrea Castaño-Sánchez, Hugo Bombín, María D. Jiménez

{"title":"The Presence of Rabbit Warrens in an Agricultural Landscape is Related to Patch Features and Distance to a Highway","authors":"Juan A. Delgado, Andrea Castaño-Sánchez, Hugo Bombín, María D. Jiménez","doi":"10.3161/15052249pje2023.71.1.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3161/15052249pje2023.71.1.004","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural activities and road construction have been reported as major causes of landscape fragmentation. We have assessed the distribution of warrens of a burrowing mammal, the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), in natural vegetation patches within an agricultural mosaic crossed by a highway. The rabbit is considered a key species in Mediterranean ecosystems because of both, its role as a prey, and as an engineering species. We have specifically considered the occurrence and abundance of warrens (a group of entrances < 2 m from each other) as well as their size (number of entrances) and their spatial distribution within natural vegetation patches. Results showed that rabbit occurrence is more likely in natural vegetation patches with steeper slopes, more circular shapes and closer to the highway. In addition, there were more warrens in larger patches and larger warrens were found in larger, steeper, elongated patches. More frequent presence and greater warren abundance found close to the highway may be due to the barrier effect, but attraction due to habitat suitability and protection from predators have also been suggested in the literature. Besides the relevance of the different mechanisms implied, our results suggest that the presence of roads modifies the presence of rabbit warrens across a fragmented agricultural landscape. In this sense, roads could impact rabbit density and, therefore, present relevant implications for the population persistence of this species; also, roads could indirectly affect the distribution and welfare of rabbits' predators.","PeriodicalId":49683,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Ecology","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135689586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bibliometric Analysis of Top Papers in Ecology Based on Essential Science Indicators during 2011–2021 2011-2021年基于基本科学指标的生态学论文计量学分析

4区环境科学与生态学

Polish Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.3161/15052249pje2023.71.1.001

Bao-Zhong Yuan, Jie Sun

{"title":"Bibliometric Analysis of Top Papers in Ecology Based on Essential Science Indicators during 2011–2021","authors":"Bao-Zhong Yuan, Jie Sun","doi":"10.3161/15052249pje2023.71.1.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3161/15052249pje2023.71.1.001","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the Essential Science Indicators database, this study analyzed 1,777 top papers in the Ecology subject category of Web of Science, for eleven years from 2011 to 2021, which included 1,770 highly cited papers and 15 hot papers in the field and belonged to 33 categories and 29 research areas. All top papers written in English came from 12,677 authors, 3,246 organizations and 123 countries or territories, and were published in 104 journals and 5 book series in the field. The top five journals publishing the highest number of top papers are Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences (9.96% of papers), Global Change Biology (7.88%), ISME Journal (7.71%), Landscape and Urban Planning (7.54%) and Trends in Ecology and Evolution (5.01%), each published more than 89 papers. Top five countries were USA, England, Australia, Germany and Canada. Furthermore, top six organizations publishing the highest number of top papers are University of California, Berkeley, University of Oxford, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Queensland, University of British Columbia, and University of California, Davis (more than 62 papers each). VOSviewer software supported the bibliometric analysis. Co-occurrence analysis of top papers' keywords identified eight clusters that correspond to eight major research topics representing different viewpoints on Ecology. Those main topics are: ecosystem services and conservation management, climate-change impacts, evolution and selection, biodiversity, diversity and abundance, ecology patterns and community structure, ecology prediction, impacts of biological invasions. The subject of ecosystem services and conservation management is a front or recent interest topics in Ecology.","PeriodicalId":49683,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Ecology","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135689144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diet of Adult Eagle Owl during Breeding Season in Northwestern Türkiye 西北地区成年鹰鸮繁殖季节的饮食特征

4区环境科学与生态学

Polish Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.3161/15052249pje2023.71.1.003

Serdar Gözütok

{"title":"Diet of Adult Eagle Owl during Breeding Season in Northwestern Türkiye","authors":"Serdar Gözütok","doi":"10.3161/15052249pje2023.71.1.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3161/15052249pje2023.71.1.003","url":null,"abstract":"Published studies on the diet of the Eurasian eagle owl (Bubo bubo) in Türkiye are limited to the eastern and central parts of the country. This study presents the diet composition of a single pair of eagle owl in the breeding season in Northwestern Türkiye. In total, 91 pellets of B. bubo were collected in Bolu Province. They contained 949 prey items of 18 prey species belonging to the orders Rodentia, Eulipotyphla, and Carnivora, class Mammalia and eight species belonging to the order Passeriformes, class Aves. The owl's diet was mostly composed of rodents (94.62%). Microtus hartingi, Microtus subterraneus, and Sciurus anomalus were detected in the diet of Bubo bubo in Türkiye for the first time. In addition, a specimen of Mustela nivalis was recorded in Bubo bubo pellets for the first time in Northwestern Türkiye. Niche breadth, Shannon-Wiener, and Simpson indices were calculated and found to be 6.69, 2.23, and 0.85 respectively. The estimated species richness (Chao1) of eagle owl prey was 30.9. The average prey number per pellet was 10.42 ± 5.76. The predominant species in the diet of Bubo bubo were Microtus mystacinus, Cricetulus migratorius, and Microtus subterraneus. Detailed comparison with other eagle owl prey data collected across Türkiye is also presented.","PeriodicalId":49683,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Ecology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135689299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamics of Plant Litter Storage in a Subtropical Forest Headwater Stream During the Rainy Season 亚热带森林源流雨季凋落物贮量动态研究

IF 0.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Polish Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2023-07-09 DOI: 10.3161/15052249PJE2020.70.4.001

Wanrong Hu, Fuzhong Wu, X. Ni, Yan Peng, Zheng Wang, Zemin Zhao, Yuan Wang, Kai Yue

{"title":"Dynamics of Plant Litter Storage in a Subtropical Forest Headwater Stream During the Rainy Season","authors":"Wanrong Hu, Fuzhong Wu, X. Ni, Yan Peng, Zheng Wang, Zemin Zhao, Yuan Wang, Kai Yue","doi":"10.3161/15052249PJE2020.70.4.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3161/15052249PJE2020.70.4.001","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Plant litter is not only the major source of carbon (C) and nutrients for heterotrophic organisms in forest headwater streams, but also an important component of stream C storage. The dynamics of stream litter storage (i.e., the standing stock) are thus closely related to forest C fluxes, but has not been well assessed in the literature. To fill this gap, we investigated the monthly dynamics of plant litter storages at 17 reaches of a subtropical headwater stream from stream source to mouth during the rainy season (from March to August) of 2021. We found that (1), across sampling reaches, the mean litter storages of leaves, twigs (< 1 cm in diameter), fine woody debris (FWD, < 10 cm in diameter), reproductive parts (flowers and/or fruits), and barks in the stream during the rainy season were 25.6, 11.9, 16.7, 0.3, and 0.6 g/m2, respectively, and the storage peak of total litter was in May, while the storage peaks at most of the sampling reaches were in April and May; (2) litter storage, especially leaf litter, at the stream source reach (i.e., reach 1) was significantly higher than those in the other reaches, and riparian forest type affected the storages of twig and FWD litter, with higher values in reaches with broad-leaved than mixed riparian forests; and (3) stream physicochemical characteristics, especially channel gradient, channel width, and water discharge and alkalinity, had significant effects on litter storage, but their effects varied among different litter types. Overall, our study clearly assessed the dynamics of plant litter storages in a headwater stream of subtropical forests, which will help us to better understand the role of headwater streams in forest carbon storage and cycling.","PeriodicalId":49683,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Ecology","volume":"70 1","pages":"129 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41916643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hybridization of the Mediterranean Gull Ichthyeatus melanocephalus in Poland 波兰地中海海鸥黑皮犀的杂交

IF 0.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Polish Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2023-07-09 DOI: 10.3161/15052249PJE2020.70.4.004

M. Zagalska‐Neubauer, T. Chodkiewicz, T. Iciek, G. Neubauer, P. Zieliński

{"title":"Hybridization of the Mediterranean Gull Ichthyeatus melanocephalus in Poland","authors":"M. Zagalska‐Neubauer, T. Chodkiewicz, T. Iciek, G. Neubauer, P. Zieliński","doi":"10.3161/15052249PJE2020.70.4.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3161/15052249PJE2020.70.4.004","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Hybridization, the interbreeding of individuals from different taxa, is usually the result of contact between closely related species. It occurs when reproductive barriers between species are not fully developed during speciation. Gulls are a classic example of hybridization in birds. However, the group of so-called “small gulls” is poorly recognized in this context. Here, we summarised data on Mediterranean gulls Ichthyeatus melanocephalus hybridization documented in Poland for the 2006–2022 period. In the mid-20th century, this species began successfully colonising many European countries, and the first documented breeding pair of Mediterranean gull was recorded in Poland in 1981. The first documented cross-breeding between a male Mediterranean gull and a female black-headed gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus was recorded in Poland in 2006. Since then, a total of 25 interspecific pairs, between Mediterranean gulls and black-headed gull or common gull Larus canus, have been observed. Interspecific pairs with black-headed gull were the most numerous (76%). However, mixed pairs – formed by one of parental species and individual of the Mediterranean gull hybrid – were the most common pair category (N = 60). Neither pairs consisting of two hybrids individuals nor of Mediterranean gulls × common gull hybrids have been recorded in the colonies. The number of Mediterranean gulls fluctuated between 50 and 100 pairs during studied period. The number of interspecific breeding pairs remained constant over a 17-year period, one to three pairs per breeding season, while the number of mixed breeding pairs has increased over time and reached maximum 9 pairs per season. Overall, there is a clear increase in the proportion of mixed and interspecific broods in relation to the number of pairs consisting of two ‘pure’ Mediterranean gulls, such pairs approached 38% in 2019.","PeriodicalId":49683,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Ecology","volume":"70 1","pages":"175 - 184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46399808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Community Level Variation in Plant Leaf Traits along an Elevation Gradient in the Semi-Arid Mountains of Northwest China 西北半干旱山地植物叶片性状的群落水平高程变化

IF 0.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Polish Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2023-07-09 DOI: 10.3161/15052249PJE2020.70.4.002

Jun-long Yang, Xiao-wei Li

{"title":"Community Level Variation in Plant Leaf Traits along an Elevation Gradient in the Semi-Arid Mountains of Northwest China","authors":"Jun-long Yang, Xiao-wei Li","doi":"10.3161/15052249PJE2020.70.4.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3161/15052249PJE2020.70.4.002","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT An elevation gradient affects temperature, precipitation, soil properties, and other environmental factors important for plant growth, resulting in differential responses of plant functional traits within and between species. Here, three transect lines were established along an elevation gradient of 1500 to 2900 m that spanned four vegetation types: desert grassland, low mountain shrub zone, subalpine coniferous forest, and subalpine shrub zone in a semiarid mountain ecosystem (western part of the Helan Mountains, Northwest China). Nine functional plant traits — leaf nitrogen (LN), leaf carbon (LC), leaf thickness (LT), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf phosphorus, leaf dry matter content, and the leaf carbon/leaf nitrogen (C/N), leaf carbon/leaf phosphorus (C/P), leaf nitrogen/leaf phosphorus (N/P) — were quantified to investigate (1) how the community-weighted means (CWM) and unweighted means (CM) vary; (2) how inter- and intraspecific functional traits vary; and (3) how the climate, topography and soil properties affect plant functional traits at the community level. We found that with rising elevation, SLA and LT increased and then decreased, while C/P and N/P showed opposite trend for both CWM and CM. Additionally, the higher LN and lower C/N were found in subalpine shrub zone. The leaf functional traits between CWM and CM showed no significant difference but a close relationship between them. Generally, all the leaf traits were explained better by interspecific variation than by intraspecific variation, except for N/P. The covariance analysis indicated that LP and LC showed negative covariance effects, whereas all other leaf traits showed positive covariance effects. The contribution to plant leaf traits from altitude was slightly higher than vapor pressure and soil organic carbon. Our major finding emphasize that plant communities in the western Helan Mountains were assembled along elevation primarily via interspecific variation.","PeriodicalId":49683,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Ecology","volume":"70 1","pages":"142 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70022535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diversity of Epiphytic and Endophytic Fungal Communities Associated with Leaves of Ziziphus lotus (L.) Lam. from Algeria 紫苏叶附生和内生真菌群落的多样性。来自阿尔及利亚

IF 0.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Polish Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2023-07-09 DOI: 10.3161/15052249PJE2022.70.4.003

Amel Ghazi-Yaker, B. Kraak, J. Houbraken, K. Houali, N. Saadoun

{"title":"Diversity of Epiphytic and Endophytic Fungal Communities Associated with Leaves of Ziziphus lotus (L.) Lam. from Algeria","authors":"Amel Ghazi-Yaker, B. Kraak, J. Houbraken, K. Houali, N. Saadoun","doi":"10.3161/15052249PJE2022.70.4.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3161/15052249PJE2022.70.4.003","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this study, the diversity of endophytic and epiphytic fungi communities was evaluated and compared from healthy, symptomless and green leaves of the medicinal plant Ziziphus lotus (wild jujube) growing in Northern Algeria. Culture-based methods were used to isolate the endophytes and epiphytes. Morphological and molecular analyses were applied for identification of the fungi taxa. Both communities of the phylloplane of Ziziphus lotus differed in size and composition. Out of all 52 species, 19 were identified as epiphytic fungi and 45 as endophytes with 12 species shared by the two communities (Aspergillus costaricaensis, A. tubingensis, Aureobasidium sp., Cladosporium asperlatum, C. halotolerans, C. limoniforme, Penicillium chrysogenum, P. desertorum, P. flavigenum, P. momoii, Stemphylium sp. and Trichothecium crotonigenum). The two communities were found to be moderately similar (Sørensen similarity index = 0.37). Higher diversity values were found in endophytic community compared to epiphytic community: Shannon's diversity index H' (3.29 vs 1.83), Simpson diversity index C' (0.94 vs 0.74), species richness (3.06 vs 0.46) and species evenness (0.86 vs 0.62). Additionally, the correlation matrix was generated for the identification of possible interactions between different fungi.","PeriodicalId":49683,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Ecology","volume":"70 1","pages":"159 - 174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48290791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Birds Visiting Flowers of Erythrina suberosa: Their Abundance, Frequency of Visits and Role as Pollinators in a Sub-Tropical Montane Forest of Garhwal Himalaya 喜玛拉雅加尔瓦尔亚热带山地森林中访花红雀的丰度、访花频率及传粉作用

IF 0.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Polish Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2023-03-22 DOI: 10.3161/15052249PJE2020.70.2.005

V. P. Khanduri

{"title":"Birds Visiting Flowers of Erythrina suberosa: Their Abundance, Frequency of Visits and Role as Pollinators in a Sub-Tropical Montane Forest of Garhwal Himalaya","authors":"V. P. Khanduri","doi":"10.3161/15052249PJE2020.70.2.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3161/15052249PJE2020.70.2.005","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Bird pollination is specific among flowering plants which support mostly cross pollination and has been regarded as an important pollination syndrome. Frequency of bird pollinators visiting flowers of the corky coral tree Erythrina suberosa Roxb., was studied in a subtropical montane forest located in Garhwal Himalaya, India. Forty trees were selected randomly in the population and the observations on birds visitors were recorded for 10 days during peak flowering. In total 18 bird species were found visiting flowers of E. suberosa. The bird species belonging to Passeriformes, Piciformes, Psittaciformes, and Cuculiformes were observed most frequently. The highest bird frequency and abundance among flower-visiting birds were recorded for the red-billed blue magpie Urocissa erythrorhyncha (26 ± 3.2 individuals per hour per branch and 60 birds per tree, respectively), whereas the lowest – for the verditer flycatcher Eumyias thalassinus (2 ± 0.02 individuals per hour per branch and 6 individuals per tree, respectively). Majority of the bird species followed bimodal pattern of foraging on nectar in a day (mostly morning and evenings), which is consistent with other studies carried out for other ornithophilous tree species in the Himalayan region. The birds observed in this study are presumed to be pollinators, as the majority of birds foraged on nectar of properly opened flowers oriented upwards; however, possibility of nectar robbing cannot be excluded and requires further investigation in future studies.","PeriodicalId":49683,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Ecology","volume":"70 1","pages":"117 - 127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43291794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Plant Diversity along an Elevation Gradient in Hyrcanian Forest of Northern Iran 伊朗北部海卡尼亚森林海拔梯度的植物多样性

IF 0.5 4区环境科学与生态学

Polish Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2023-03-22 DOI: 10.3161/15052249PJE2020.70.2.001

Eshagh Ataei, F. Kazemnezhad, Majid Eshaghnimvari, A. Sheykholeslami

{"title":"Plant Diversity along an Elevation Gradient in Hyrcanian Forest of Northern Iran","authors":"Eshagh Ataei, F. Kazemnezhad, Majid Eshaghnimvari, A. Sheykholeslami","doi":"10.3161/15052249PJE2020.70.2.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3161/15052249PJE2020.70.2.001","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Species diversity is one of the most important and fundamental issues in ecology. The present study was conducted to evaluate effects of elevation gradient on biodiversity in a temperate mountainous forest. For collection of trees' diversity data, 44 sample plots 20 × 20 m2 were set up every 50 m of the elevation interval at the altitude ranging from 100 m to 2250 m a.s.l. Also for collection of data on herbaceous vegetation, five microplots (1 × 2 m) were established (one microplot in the center and four microplots in the four corners of the plot). Species diversity values were analyzed using Simpson and modified Shannon Wiener indices. Also, species richness was calculated using Margalef and Smith-Wilson indices for each plot. The results from Simpson and modified Shannon Wiener biodiversity indices imply approximately bell-shaped diversity curves with the greatest species richness at medium elevations (800–1300 m a.s.l). However, if ecotones (gradual changes between two communities) are excluded, one can conclude that species biodiversity decreases with increasing elevation. The lowland community has the least richness that can be the result of the anthropogenic pressure. The evenness indices for the forest sites along the elevation gradient detected no trend with increasing elevation.","PeriodicalId":49683,"journal":{"name":"Polish Journal of Ecology","volume":"70 1","pages":"69 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45495339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0