K. Shizume, T. Nakajima, Ryo Nakayama, Y. Takahashi
{"title":"Quantum Computational Riemannian and Sub-Riemannian Geodesics","authors":"K. Shizume, T. Nakajima, Ryo Nakayama, Y. Takahashi","doi":"10.1143/PTP.127.997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1143/PTP.127.997","url":null,"abstract":"Nielsen et al. have introduced a Riemannian metric on the space of n-qubit unitary operators [M. A. Nielsen, M. R. Dowling, M. Gu and A. C. Doherty, Science 311 (2006), 1133]. The length of the shortest curve connecting the identity I and a desired unitary operator W defined by this metric is essentially equivalent to the quantum gate complexity of W . This metric, and thus, the Riemannian geodesic equation for this metric, has a parameter q called “penalty” that must be large enough. In this paper, we investigate the sub-Riemannian geodesic equation obtained by taking the limit of the Riemannian geodesic equation as q → ∞, and show that the Riemannian geodesics for finite q can be explicitly constructed from the sub-Riemannian geodesics. We also present a numerical algorithm for finding the (sub-)Riemannian geodesics connecting I and W , which is based on the Krotov method in optimal control theory. As an example, we give an exact sub-Riemannian geodesic connecting I and the controlled-controlled-Z gate, which is obtained by guessing from the numerical results of the algorithm.","PeriodicalId":49658,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics","volume":"127 1","pages":"997-1008"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1143/PTP.127.997","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64011772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mass Insertion Formula for Chargino Contribution to ΔB = 1 Wilson Coefficients and Its Application to CP Asymmetries of B → Kπ","authors":"Motoi Endo, Takahiro Yoshinaga","doi":"10.1143/PTP.128.1251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1143/PTP.128.1251","url":null,"abstract":"The comprehensive mass insertion formula of the b to s bar q q transitions was provided for the chargino contributions. The method clarifies physics behind the calculations of the supersymmetric contributions to FCNCs. The result was applied to the analysis of the difference of the CP asymmetries of the B to Kpi decays. It is shown that the supersymmetry is not responsible for the discrepancy.","PeriodicalId":49658,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics","volume":"128 1","pages":"1251-1268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1143/PTP.128.1251","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64011716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Regularization of Kerr-NUT Spacetimes and Their Thermodynamical Quantities","authors":"G. Nashed","doi":"10.1143/PTP.127.1077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1143/PTP.127.1077","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of the teleparallel equivalent of the general relativity (TEGR) theory, continuous calculations of the total energy and momentum for Kerr-NUT spacetimes using three different methods, namely, the gravitational energy-momentum, the Riemannian connection 1-form, e Γ β α , and the Euclidean continuation method, have been achieved. Many local Lorentz transformations, which play the role of a regularization tools, are given to obtain the commonly known form of energy and momentum. We calculate the thermodynamic quantities of Kerr-NUT spacetimes. We also investigate the first law of thermodynamics and quantum statistical relation. Subject Index: 451, 453","PeriodicalId":49658,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics","volume":"127 1","pages":"1077-1098"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1143/PTP.127.1077","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64008898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Structure of 10ΛBe and 10ΛB Hypernuclei Studied with the Four-Body Cluster Model","authors":"E. Hiyama, Y. Yamamoto","doi":"10.1143/PTP.128.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1143/PTP.128.105","url":null,"abstract":"The structure of the isodoublet hypernuclei, 10 Ba nd 10 Be within the framework of an α + α + Λ + N four-body cluster model is studied. Interactions between the constituent subunits are determined to reproduce reasonably well the observed low-energy properties of the αα, αN , αΛ, ααΛ ,a ndααN subsystems. Furthermore, the two-body ΛN interaction is adjusted to reproduce the 0 + -1 + splitting of 4H. The Λ binding energies of 10 Ba nd 10 Be are 8.76 MeV and 8.94 MeV, respectively. The energy splitting of the 1 − -2 − levels in 10 Bi s 0.08 MeV, which does not contradict the experimental report in BNL-E930. An even-state ΛN charge symmetry breaking (CSB) interaction determined from the A = 4 systems works repulsively by +0.1 MeV (attractively by �0. 1M eV) in 10 Be ( 10 B). We discuss a possibility that an odd-state CSB interaction improves the fitting to the experimental data of A =1 0 double Λ hypernuclei. Subject Index: 214","PeriodicalId":49658,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics","volume":"128 1","pages":"105-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1143/PTP.128.105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64011979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Tsue, J. Providência, C. Providência, M. Yamamura
{"title":"Effective Potential Approach to Quark Ferromagnetization in High Density Quark Matter","authors":"Y. Tsue, J. Providência, C. Providência, M. Yamamura","doi":"10.1143/PTP.128.507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1143/PTP.128.507","url":null,"abstract":"A possibility of spontaneous magnetization in high density symmetric quark matter is investigated using the NJL type effective model of QCD by means of an effective potential with respect to an auxiliary field. It is shown that the quark ferromagnetic condensate has non-vanishing value at high baryon density due to the tensor-type four-point interaction between quarks. Subject Index: 230","PeriodicalId":49658,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics","volume":"128 1","pages":"507-522"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1143/PTP.128.507","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64015977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Practical Method of Solving Cutoff Coulomb Problems in Momentum Space --Application to the Lippmann-Schwinger Resonating-Group Method and the pd Elastic Scattering--","authors":"Y. Fujiwara, K. Fukukawa","doi":"10.1143/PTP.128.301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1143/PTP.128.301","url":null,"abstract":"A practical method to solve cut-off Coulomb problems of two-cluster systems in the momentum space is given. When a sharply cut-off Coulomb force with a cut-off radius $rho$ is introduced at the level of constituent particles, two-cluster direct potential of the Coulomb force becomes in general a local screened Coulomb potential. The asymptotic Hamiltonian yields two types of asymptotic waves; one is an approximate Coulomb wave with $rho$ in the middle-range region, and the other a free (no-Coulomb) wave in the longest-range region. The constant Wronskians of this Hamiltonian can be calculated in either region. We can evaluate the Coulomb-modified nuclear phase shifts for the screened Coulomb problem, using the matching condition proposed by Vincent and Phatak for the sharply cut-off Coulomb problem. We apply this method first to an exactly solvable model of the $alpha alpha$ scattering with the Ali-Bodmer potential and confirm that a complete solution is obtained with a finite $rho$. The stability of nuclear phase shifts with respect to the change of $rho$ in some appropriate range is demonstrated in the $alpha alpha$ resonating-group method (RGM) using the Minnesota three-range force. An application to the pd elastic scattering is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":49658,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics","volume":"71 1","pages":"301-347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1143/PTP.128.301","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64014684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Direct CP Violation of b →sγ and CP Asymmetries of Non-Leptonic B Decays in Squark Flavor Mixing","authors":"Y. Shimizu, M. Tanimoto, K. Yamamoto","doi":"10.1143/PTP.128.273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1143/PTP.128.273","url":null,"abstract":"We study the contribution of the squark flavor mixing from the LR(RL) component of the squark mass matrices to the direct CP violation of the b → sγ decay and the CP violating asymmetry in the non-leptonic decays of B mesons. The magnitude of the LR(RL) component is constrained by the branching ratio and the direct CP violation of b → sγ. We predict the correlation of the CP asymmetries among Ab→sγ CP , SφKS and Sη′K0 of the B decays. The precise data of these CP violations will give us the crucial test for our framework of the squark flavor mixing.","PeriodicalId":49658,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics","volume":"128 1","pages":"273-283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1143/PTP.128.273","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64014963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermodynamics of Quantum Ultra-Cold Neutron Gas under Gravity of the Earth","authors":"H. Kaneko, A. Tohsaki, A. Hosaka","doi":"10.1143/PTP.128.533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1143/PTP.128.533","url":null,"abstract":"The stored ultra-cold neutrons have been developed. A high density ultra-cold neutron gas has been recently produced by using the nuclear spallation method. We investigate the thermodynamic properties of the quantum ultra-cold neutron gas in the Earth’s gravitational field. We find that the quantum effects increase temperature dependence of the chemical potential and the internal energy in the low temperature region. The density distribution of quantum ultra-cold neutron gas is modified by the Earth’s gravitational field. Subject Index: 250","PeriodicalId":49658,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics","volume":"207 1","pages":"533-539"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1143/PTP.128.533","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64015628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Resonances in 28Si + 28Si. II —Analyses for the Angular Distributions and Angular Correlations—","authors":"E. Uegaki, Y. Abe","doi":"10.1143/PTP.127.877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1143/PTP.127.877","url":null,"abstract":"Resonances observed in the 28Si+28Si collision are studied by the molecular model. In the preceding paper, it is clarified that at high spins in 28Si+28Si (oblate-oblate system), the stable dinuclear configuration of the system is equator-equator touching one, and that the axially asymmetric shape of the stable configuration of 28Si+28Si gives rise to a wobbling motion ($K$-mixing). There, the normal modes around the equilibrium have been solved and various excited states have been obtained. Those states are expected to be the origin of a large number of resonances observed. Hence their physical quantities are analyzed theoretically. The results are compared with the recent experiment performed in Strasbourg and turn out to be in good agreement with the data. Disalignments between the orbital angular momentum and the spins of the constituent 28Si nuclei in the resonance state are clarified. Moreover the analyses of the angular correlations indicate characteristic features for each normal-mode excitation. Thus it is possible to identify the modes, and a systematic experimental study of angular correlation measurements is desired.","PeriodicalId":49658,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics","volume":"127 1","pages":"877-905"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1143/PTP.127.877","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64011284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Model of Asymmetric Orbifold with D-Branes","authors":"Motoharu Ito, T. Sakai","doi":"10.1143/PTP.127.819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1143/PTP.127.819","url":null,"abstract":"We consider an orientifold model of IIB string compactified on a six-dimensional torus on the basis of an asymmetric orbifold. A careful study of the T-duality group shows that there exists a discrete Z3 × Z3 symmetry that acts on the string worldsheet asymmetrically by choosing an appropriate configuration of T . This torus is nonfactorizable and has a metric proportional to the Cartan matrix of the E6 group. The open string sector is constructed from D9-branes with some magnetic fluxes turned on along T 6 in such a way that the Dbrane system is consistent with Z3 × Z3. By solving the RR-tadpole condition, we obtain a consistent string model with a gauge group SO(4).","PeriodicalId":49658,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics","volume":"127 1","pages":"819-830"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1143/PTP.127.819","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64010592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}