Progress of Theoretical Physics最新文献

{"title":"Heavy and Chronic Cannabis Addiction does not Impact Motor Function: A BOLD-fMRI Study","authors":"Saïd Boujraf, Badreeddine Alami, Mohamed Chikri, Halima El Hamdaoui, Mustapha Maaroufi, Rachid Aalouane, Ismail Rammouz","doi":"10.2174/1574886317666220516103501","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1574886317666220516103501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The goal of this to demonstrate the impact of heavy and chronic cannabis use on brain potential functional control, reorganization, and plasticity in the cortical area.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>23 cannabis users were convened in 3 groups of users. The first group included 11 volunteers with an average of 15 joins/day; the second group included 6 volunteers with an average of 1.5 joins/day; the third group included 6 volunteers with an average of 2.8 joins/week. Besides, 6 healthy volunteers in the control group, All healthy and cannabis users underwent identical brain BOLD-fMRI assessments of their motor function. Besides, neuropsychological and full biological assessments were achieved.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BOLD-fMRI maps of motor areas were obtained, including quantitative evaluation of the activations in the motor area. A statistical analysis of various groups was achieved.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Groups of chronic cannabis addiction of varying level of use were setup. Namely heavy, moderate and low users groups; doses have been shown to have systematically equivalent effects on the control of brain motor function. Indeed, the BOLD-fMRI shows a remarkable sensitivity to brain plasticity and reorganization of the functional motor control of the studied cortical area, and such variation was not shown. Specific elucidation of the effect of cannabis effect in this unique function should clarify further protective pharmacological effects. This might illuminate the use of neuronal resources to prepare processes for pharmacological use and pharmaceutical forms. This suggests exploring any potential cannabis pharmaceutical form in diseases involving motor impairments.</p>","PeriodicalId":49658,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86961347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust differential expression testing for single-cell CRISPR screens at low multiplicity of infection.","authors":"Timothy Barry, Kaishu Mason, Kathryn Roeder, Eugene Katsevich","doi":"10.1101/2023.05.15.540875","DOIUrl":"10.1101/2023.05.15.540875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Single-cell CRISPR screens (perturb-seq) link genetic perturbations to phenotypic changes in individual cells. The most fundamental task in perturb-seq analysis is to test for association between a perturbation and a count outcome, such as gene expression. We conduct the first-ever comprehensive benchmarking study of association testing methods for low multiplicity-of-infection (MOI) perturb-seq data, finding that existing methods produce excess false positives. We conduct an extensive empirical investigation of the data, identifying three core analysis challenges: sparsity, confounding, and model misspecification. Finally, we develop an association testing method - SCEPTRE low-MOI - that resolves these analysis challenges and demonstrates improved calibration and power.</p>","PeriodicalId":49658,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11042176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86358879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Correlation of the Lamina Papyracea-to-Midline Distance with the Location of Anterior Ethmoidal Artery and Keros Classification.","authors":"Ali Rıza Yağmur, Esra Çıvgın, Kürşat Murat Özcan, Nurcan Yurtsever Kum, Mehmet Fatih Karakuş, Hacı Hüseyin Dere","doi":"10.1007/s12070-023-03931-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12070-023-03931-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the study was to investigate the relations between anatomical structures that are susceptible to inadvertent injuries during the surgery using preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans. 153 CT scans were reviewed and the distance from the lamina papyracea (LP) to the midline and the distance of the anterior ethmoidal artery (AEA) to the skull base were measured bilaterally. Also, the depth of olfactory fossa was measured and categorized using the Keros classification. The measurements were analyzed to determine whether LP-to-midline distance was correlated with the distance between the AEA and the skull base and Keros classification. Additionally, correlation of Keros classification with the distance from the AEA to the skull base was investigated. In a total of 306 measurements, 26 (%8.49) were classified as Keros type I, 200 (65.35%) as Keros type II and 80 (25.14%) as Keros type III. Statistically, LP-to-midline distances on the right and left sides were significantly associated with the distance from the AEA to the skull base on the same side (R:p < 0.001, L:p = 0.01) and the Keros classification on the same side (R:p < 0.001, L:p = 0.004). Also, a significant association was found between the Keros classification and the distance from the AEA to the skull base (R:p < 0.001, L:p = 0.02). The locations of anatomical structures are defined in relation to each other during the development of maxillofacial bones. CT scans should be examined and anatomical structures and relations among them reviewed very carefully before ESS. Otherwise, some accidental injuries may arise during the surgery while trying to avoid complications.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12070-023-03931-x.</p>","PeriodicalId":49658,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics","volume":"7 1","pages":"3146-3151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10646039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86555894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parametric study of novel plant-based seed coagulant in modeled wastewater turbidity removal.","authors":"Amina Adedoja Owodunni, Suzylawati Ismail, Niyi Gideon Olaiya","doi":"10.1007/s11356-022-21353-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11356-022-21353-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chemical coagulants like alum, ferric salts, and polyacrylamide derivatives are helpful in water treatment. However, the long-term detrimental effects of chemical coagulants on humans and the environment require alternative research for natural coagulants. This study used novel leguminous (green beans (GB), pigeon pea (PP)), fruit seeds (Tamarind indica (TI), and date palm (DS)) as coagulants to remove turbidity. The seeds were powdered, and the crude active coagulants were extracted with distilled water and a 1 M NaCl solution. The result showed that PP's distilled water extract had the highest turbidity removal of 81.12%, while DS had the least performance of 62.54%. The NaCl extract of PP had the highest removal (94.62%), followed by TI (76.08%). This study found the optimum doses for GB, TI, PP, and DS to be 50, 40, 10, and 70 mL/L, with their optimum pH at 3, 1, 3, and 1, respectively. The FTIR spectra confirmed the existence of -OH, -NH, COOH, C = O, C-C, and C-H peaks, indicating the presence of protein-specific functional groups supporting their potential use as coagulants. Therefore, PP would have been used based on turbidity performance; however, due to their nutritional value, TI and DS are suitable seeds for the coagulation-flocculation treatment of turbid water because they are waste materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":49658,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics","volume":"73 1","pages":"124677-124685"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86581228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The long road to bloom in conifers.","authors":"Jingjing Ma, Xi Chen, Fangxu Han, Yitong Song, Biao Zhou, Yumeng Nie, Yue Li, Shihui Niu","doi":"10.48130/FR-2022-0016","DOIUrl":"10.48130/FR-2022-0016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>More than 600 species of conifers (phylum Pinophyta) serve as the backbone of the Earth's terrestrial plant community and play key roles in global carbon and water cycles. Although coniferous forests account for a large fraction of global wood production, their productivity relies largely on the use of genetically improved seeds. However, acquisition of such seeds requires recurrent selection and testing of genetically superior parent trees, eventually followed by the establishment of a seed orchard to produce the improved seeds. The breeding cycle for obtaining the next generation of genetically improved seeds can be significantly lengthened when a target species has a long juvenile period. Therefore, development of methods for diminishing the juvenile phase is a cost-effective strategy for shortening breeding cycle in conifers. The molecular regulatory programs associated with the reproductive transition and annual reproductive cycle of conifers are modulated by environmental cues and endogenous developmental signals. Mounting evidence indicates that an increase in global average temperature seriously threatens plant productivity, but how conifers respond to the ever-changing natural environment has yet to be fully characterized. With the breakthrough of assembling and annotating the giant genome of conifers, identification of key components in the regulatory cascades that control the vegetative to reproductive transition is imminent. However, comparison of the signaling pathways that control the reproductive transition in conifers and the floral transition in <i>Arabidopsis</i> has revealed many differences. Therefore, a more complete understanding of the underlying regulatory mechanisms that control the conifer reproductive transition is of paramount importance. Here, we review our current understanding of the molecular basis for reproductive regulation, highlight recent discoveries, and review new approaches for molecular research on conifers.</p>","PeriodicalId":49658,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics","volume":"51 1","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11524297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86352600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risks to the 340B Drug Pricing Program Related to Manufacturer Restrictions on Drug Availability.","authors":"Ryan P Knox, Aaron S Kesselheim, Ameet Sarpatwari","doi":"10.1001/jama.2022.5959","DOIUrl":"10.1001/jama.2022.5959","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49658,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics","volume":"106 1","pages":"1647-1648"},"PeriodicalIF":20.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85994823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feynman Propagator for Closed Timelike Curves in the Kerr Metric","authors":"M. Socolovsky","doi":"10.22606/tp.2021.63001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22606/tp.2021.63001","url":null,"abstract":"We compute the Feynman propagator associated with closed timelike curves in the neighborhood of the ring singularity in the Kerr metric. The propagator is well defined outside r = 0, where it ceases to exist.","PeriodicalId":49658,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics","volume":"355 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76492676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum Propagators for Geodesic Congruences","authors":"M. Socolovsky","doi":"10.22606/tp.2021.62001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22606/tp.2021.62001","url":null,"abstract":"Using the Raychaudhuri equation, we show that a quantum probability amplitude (Feynman propagator) can be univocally associated to any timelike or null affinely parametrized geodesic congruence.","PeriodicalId":49658,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics","volume":"202 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80210500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Conceptual Model to Explain Dark Matter and Dark Energy","authors":"J. Blackledge","doi":"10.22606/TP.2020.54002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22606/TP.2020.54002","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers a conceptual model that attempts to explain ‘Dark Matter’ and ‘Dark Energy’. The model is based on considering a gravitational field to be the result of a mass (a Higgs field) scattering pre-existing cosmic background space-time waves or ‘Uber-waves’. The term ‘Uber’ is used to denote an outstanding or supreme example of a particular kind of gravitational wave with cosmic-scale wavelengths that are far in excess of those associated with the gravitational waves generated by accelerating masses. Such waves are taken to be the very lowest frequency components associated with the spectrum of space-time waves generated by the ‘Big Bang’ and are supported by the expanding fabric of space-time produced at the point of the big bang, i.e. the lowest frequency components of a cosmological spectrum whose bandwidth is the a Planck frequency (～10∧43 Hz). Like electromagnetic waves, Uber waves are taken to propagate with an upper velocity consistent with the speed of light and interact with, and are scattered by, a Higgs field. This interaction produces the effect of a mass locally curving space-time, an idea that is contrary to the conventional model associated with General Relativity where mass is taken to curve space-time directly which otherwise remains ‘flat’. By assuming the pre-existence of background Uber waves, we consider the concave curvature of such waves to generate an apparent attractive gravitational force. This interaction produces the effect of a mass locally curving space-time, an idea that is contrary to the conventional model associated with General Relativity where mass is taken to curve space-time directly which otherwise remains ‘flat’. By assuming the pre-existence of background Uber waves, we consider the concave curvature of such waves to generate an apparent attractive gravitational force. This attractive force is taken to govern the formation of large scale structures of matter (galaxies and super-clusters of galaxies, for example) in the conventional sense but surrounded by a residual background gravitational field. It is this residual field that gives rise to the effect known as dark matter where more gravity (as an attractive only force) appears to be available than that which can be accounted for by the observed (luminous) mass, a luminosity that is generated primarily by nuclear fusion in stars. The convex curvature of Uber waves is considered to account for cosmic voids within which gravity is a repulsive force and where large scale structures of matter can therefore not be formed. This is considered to explain the super-large cosmic voids or super voids that are observed. These are regions of the universe where there is an absence of rich super clusters of matter. In these anti-gravity zones, only relatively small structures of matter can be formed by electrostatic forces alone which are then repelled from each other when their mass becomes significant enough for the force of anti-gravity to become signif","PeriodicalId":49658,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77833378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction of Electromagnetic Wave and Metamaterial with Inductive Type Chiral Inclusions","authors":"A. Volobuev, Андрей Николаевич Волобуев, T. Antipova, Т А Антипова, K. A. Adyshirin-zade, К А Адыширин-Заде","doi":"10.17587/nmst.22.140-147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17587/nmst.22.140-147","url":null,"abstract":"The principle of calculation of a plate from a metamaterial with inductive type chiral inclusions is submitted. It is shown that distribution of an electromagnetic wave in such substance can be investigated with the help of using of a chiral parameter and on the basis of a detailed method of calculation. By comparison of two methods the dependence of chiral parameter from frequency of electromagnetic radiation falling on a plate is found. With the help of a detailed method the nonlinear differential equation for potential on the chiral plate is found. It is shown that this equation has solutions as traveling solitary waves and standing waves but not traveling sine waves. The analysis of the received solutions of the nonlinear equation is carried out. Transition from the multiwave solution to the solution as standing waves is graphically shown at reduction of distance between the chiral elements.","PeriodicalId":49658,"journal":{"name":"Progress of Theoretical Physics","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80674777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}