Prosthetics and Orthotics International最新文献

{"title":"Convergent construct validity of the Brazilian version of the Houghton scale.","authors":"Milena Zavatini Secco, Larissa Lavoura Balbi, Maira Stéfanie de Castro Pereira, Wilker Santos Costa, Ana Regina de Souza Bavaresco Barros, Marisa de Cássia Registro Fonseca","doi":"10.1097/PXR.0000000000000329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PXR.0000000000000329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>After lower limb amputations, a decrease in gait capacity, even with prostheses, is common and persistent. Functional ability involves multiple constructs; therefore, several outcome measures, such as performance tests or self-report questionnaires, should be used to evaluate people with amputation who use prostheses.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the convergent construct validity of the Brazilian version of the Houghton scale in a sample of lower limb prosthesis users.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Volunteers selected were older than 18 years with any level of lower limb amputation and prosthesis use for at least 6 months. In this study, evidence of construct validity of the Houghton scale was established by the Spearman rho correlation with the Brazilian translation of the Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility and with the Physical Function (PF) and Emotional Well-being subdomains of the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Short Form Health Survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-one volunteers were recruited for the study. The sample consisted mainly of men (70.4%) with a mean age of 50 ± 12 years. The primary cause of amputation was traumatic (53.5%), and most participants (54.9%) had a transtibial amputation. The Houghton questionnaire correlated strongly with the Brazilian translation of the Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility questionnaire (rho: 0.74, p < 0.01) and weakly with the PF and Emotional Well-being of the 36-Short Form Health Survey (rho: 0.06 and rho: 0.22, respectively, p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed evidence of convergent construct validity of the Houghton questionnaire to measure and classify functional use of lower limb prostheses, with great value to clinical practice. Additional work is needed to assess other measurement properties in different samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":49657,"journal":{"name":"Prosthetics and Orthotics International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139913950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which factors may influence medium-term quality of life of patients with lower-limb loss? A systematic review of the literature.","authors":"Doriane Pelzer, Charlotte Beaudart, Aurore Thibaut, Stephen Bornheim, Jean-François Kaux","doi":"10.1097/PXR.0000000000000312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PXR.0000000000000312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature to identify factors that may influence quality of life in people with lower-limb amputation (all etiologies). Our primary focus was on identifying factors that can be modified, enabling a more concentrated integration of these aspects into the care and treatment of amputated patients.</p><p><strong>Data source: </strong>Medline (via Ovid) and Scopus were searched in January 2023 for studies assessing quality of life for people with lower-limb loss. Studies were included if they reported on factors that could influence quality of life. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Studies were identified and assessed independently by 2 reviewers.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Data were extracted by 2 independent reviewers.</p><p><strong>Data synthesis: </strong>After removing duplicates, the search yielded 2616 studies, of which 24 met our inclusion criteria (cross-sectional n = 13; prospective n = 9; retrospective n = 2). The most commonly used quality-of-life instruments were the Short Form 36, followed by the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF and the EuroQoL 5 dimension. Younger age, traumatic etiology, unilateral or below-knee amputation, presence of comorbidities, and social integration were found to influence quality of life in people with lower-limb amputation, whereas sex and socioeconomic context do not seem to have a clear influence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This systematic review of the literature identified several factors that influence quality of life in patients with lower-limb amputation. However, the results are not always consistent across studies and there is still no consensus on some factors. Conclusive findings regarding sex and socioeconomic status remain elusive, primarily because of substantial disparities observed across the literature. Future prospective longitudinal studies with clear a priori inclusion of a wide range of potential factors are needed to clarify the impact of the identified factors. Factors such as age, type of amputation, comorbidities and social integration should be considered in the management of patients with amputation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49657,"journal":{"name":"Prosthetics and Orthotics International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139724696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomechanical effects of foot orthoses on jump landing performance: A systematic review.","authors":"Abu Jor, Mingyu Hu, Mark W P Koh, Noelle W K Lau, Aliyeh Daryabor, Wing-Kai Lam, Toshiki Kobayashi","doi":"10.1097/PXR.0000000000000335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PXR.0000000000000335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Jumping is involved in a wide range of sports and activities, and foot orthoses (FO) are suggested to enhance performance and prevent injury. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate whether using FO with different modifications affects jump landing biomechanics and improves performance in healthy individuals. The search strategy included 7 databases that identified 19 studies. The study quality was evaluated using a modified Downs and Black index. The primary outcome measures were joint kinematics, kinetics, muscle activity, vertical jump height, and horizontal jump distance. Our findings indicated that incorporating arch support with a rearfoot post and softer forefoot region into FO may improve several biomechanical variables during jump landing activities. Improvements in vertical ground reaction force loading rates, knee and ankle kinematics, and muscle cocontraction during jumping with FO could enhance jumping performance. In addition, improvements in hip, knee, ankle, and tibial kinematics and vertical ground reaction force loading rates during landing could reduce impact forces and related injuries. Although a limited number of studies have addressed the effects of FO on vertical jump height and horizontal jump distance, inserting such FO inside shoes with optimum bending stiffness could facilitate jumping performance. A rigorous exploration of the effect and mechanism of FO designs on jumping performance could benefit jumping-related activities and prevent ankle and knee injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":49657,"journal":{"name":"Prosthetics and Orthotics International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139708320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complications of major lower limb amputations before prosthetic provision at a tertiary care rehabilitation facility.","authors":"Huthaifa Atallah, Ahmad Zaheer Qureshi, Shah Nawaz, Tariq Wani","doi":"10.1097/PXR.0000000000000321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PXR.0000000000000321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although postoperative complications of lower limb amputations and complications related to prosthetics are well known, complications before prosthetic fitting are less often emphasized in literature. There are no Saudi studies documenting the complications before prosthetic fitting where there is high rise in dysvascular amputation, and early prosthetic provision remains a challenge.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the complications following major lower limb amputations (MLLAs).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred thirty-six electronic files for individuals with major lower limb amputations were reviewed. Individuals visiting the primary limb loss clinic for the first time, who have not been fitted with a prosthesis before, were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Muscle weakness was the most common complication (55.1%), followed by edema (52.9%), while infection was found to be the least frequent (5.1%). Age was significantly associated with etiology ( p value < 0.001), usage of assistive device ( p value = 0.002), and complications ( p value = 0.013). Complications were also significantly associated with time since amputation ( p value = 0.001). In addition, etiology was significantly associated with the usage of assistive device ( p value = 0.012).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Muscle weakness and edema were the most common complications after MLLA in a cohort of patients with median onset of 8.5 ± 6.8 months since amputation. Presence of various complications in MLLAs before prosthetic evaluation reflect gaps of care including delayed prosthetic evaluation. National strategies need to be introduced to promote early rehabilitation interventions, prevent complications, and improve quality of life of individuals with MLLAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":49657,"journal":{"name":"Prosthetics and Orthotics International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139479429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and characterization of a variable-stiffness ankle-foot orthosis.","authors":"Haochen Rong, Sepehr Ramezani, Alex Ambro, Chi Hou Lei, Hwan Choi","doi":"10.1097/PXR.0000000000000323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PXR.0000000000000323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) are a type of assistive device that can improve the walking ability of individuals with neurological disorders. Adjusting stiffness is a common way to customize settings according to individuals' impairment.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to design a variable-stiffness AFO by stiffness module and characterize the AFO stiffness range to provide subject-specific settings for the users.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We modeled AFO using bending beams with varying fulcrum positions to adjust the stiffness. To characterize the stiffness range and profile, we used the superposition method to generate the theoretical model to analyze the AFO numerically. The intrinsic deformation of the bending beam in the AFO is considered a combination of 2 bending deformations to replicate actual bending conditions. The corresponding experiments in different fulcrum positions were performed to compare with and optimize the theoretical model. The curve fitting method was applied to tune the theoretical model by adding a fulcrum position-related coefficient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The AFO stiffness increased as the fulcrum moved to the proximal position. The maximum stiffness obtained was 1.77 Nm/° at a 6-cm fulcrum position, and the minimum stiffness was 0.82 Nm/° at a 0.5-cm fulcrum position with a 0.43-cm thick fiberglass beam. The corresponding theoretical model had maximum and minimum stiffness of 1.71 and 0.80 Nm/°, respectively. The theoretical model had a 4.08% difference compared with experimental values.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The stiffness module can provide adjustable stiffness with the fulcrum position and different kinds of fiberglass bars, especially the thickness and material of the beam. The theoretical model with different fulcrum positions can be used to profile the real-time stiffness of the AFO in a dynamic motion and to determine the appropriate dimensions of the bending beam.</p>","PeriodicalId":49657,"journal":{"name":"Prosthetics and Orthotics International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139099073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Returning to work after dysvascular lower limb amputation-A novel multivariate approach to examine relative contributions of biopsychosocial predictors.","authors":"Szu-Ping Lee, Lung-Chang Chien, Hui-Ting Shih, Sabrina Ho, Sheila Clemens","doi":"10.1097/PXR.0000000000000322","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PXR.0000000000000322","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Returning to work is a key outcome of rehabilitation and social re-integration after lower limb amputation. It is important to understand what biopsychosocial factors contribute to returning to work after dysvascular amputation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Examining relative contributions of functional and contextual predictors of returning to work in participants with lower limb amputation due to diabetes and other dysvascular diseases.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Return-to-work outcome, biopsychosocial characteristics including physical functioning, self-efficacy & perceived ability, and socioeconomical support data were collected from a purposive sample (n = 57) in a multi-state collaborative research network. Grouped Weighted Quantile Sum model analysis was conducted to evaluate relative contributions of biopsychosocial predictors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Less than 30% of the participants returned to work after their amputation. Physical functioning (odds ratio = 10.19; 95% CI 2.46-72.74) was the most important predictor group. Working before amputation, prosthetic mobility, and access to rehabilitation care were also identified as key factors associated with returning to work.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Fewer than 1 in 3 participants with dysvascular amputation returned to work, despite an average age of only 54 years at the time of amputation. Physical functioning was shown to be the most important predictor, while socioeconomic factors such as a lack of access to care also contribute to not returning to work after dysvascular amputation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49657,"journal":{"name":"Prosthetics and Orthotics International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11224136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139099075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional printed exoskeletons and orthoses for the upper limb-A systematic review.","authors":"Joana Lima Grilo Fernandes da Silva, Sérgio Miguel Barroso Gonçalves, Hugo Humberto Plácido da Silva, Miguel Pedro Tavares da Silva","doi":"10.1097/PXR.0000000000000318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PXR.0000000000000318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This systematic review aims to assess and summarize the current landscape in exoskeletons and orthotic solutions developed for upper limb medical assistance, which are partly or fully produced using 3-dimensional printing technologies and contain at least the elbow or the shoulder joints. The initial search was conducted on Web of Science, PubMed, and IEEEXplore, resulting in 92 papers, which were reduced to 72 after removal of duplicates. From the application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria and selection questionnaire, 33 papers were included in the review, being divided according to the analyzed joints. The analysis of the selected papers allowed for the identification of different solutions that vary in terms of their target application, actuation type, 3-dimensional printing techniques, and material selection, among others. The results show that there has been far more research on the elbow joint than on the shoulder joint, which can be explained by the relative complexity of the latter. Moreover, the findings of this study also indicate that there is still a gap between the research conducted on these devices and their practical use in real-world conditions. Based on current trends, it is anticipated that the future of 3-dimensional printed exoskeletons will revolve around the use of flexible and high-performance materials, coupled with actuated devices. These advances have the potential to replace the conventional fabrication methods of exoskeletons with technologies based on additive manufacturing.</p>","PeriodicalId":49657,"journal":{"name":"Prosthetics and Orthotics International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139089170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in activities-specific balance confidence of active unilateral transtibial prosthesis users after provision of a self-aligning ankle foot.","authors":"Fiona Davie-Smith, Lynne Powell, Nikki Porteous, Bruce Carse","doi":"10.1097/PXR.0000000000000319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PXR.0000000000000319","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Self-aligning ankle feet have an increased range of motion and are marketed to improve compliance over uneven terrain and increase function and balance; however, much of the existing literature focuses on the biomechanical aspect of these prostheses as opposed to patient-reported measures.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare activities-specific balance confidence (ABC), health-related quality of life (HR-QoL), perceived mobility, gait speed, and step length before and after provision of a self-aligning ankle foot in the active unilateral transtibial prosthesis user.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patient-reported and functional measures were captured for 85 users who were provided with a self-aligning ankle foot. Measures were recorded immediately before self-aligning ankle foot provision and again at 6 months afterward. The primary outcome was the ABC Score, along with the following secondary measures; HR-QoL using EQ-5D-5L Health Index Prosthetic Limb User Survey of Mobility and 10-meter timed walk test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age of the cohort was 55.2 years old and 71% were males, with the majority having their transtibial amputation due to trauma. There was a statistically significant improvement in ABC from 76 to 86% (p < 0.001) with a medium effect size. There was no statistically significant improvement in HR-QoL (p = 0.051), Prosthetic Limb User Survey of Mobility (p = 0.043), time taken to walk 10 m (p = 0.15) and step length (p = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Self aligning ankle feet increased ABC and step length with no detrimental effect on HR-QoL, perceived mobility or walking speed in those with a unilateral trans-tibial amputation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49657,"journal":{"name":"Prosthetics and Orthotics International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139089165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions of physical activity among individuals with limb loss: A qualitative study.","authors":"Crystal MacKay, Sander L Hitzig, Amanda L Mayo, Michael Devlin, Steven Dilkas, Andresa Marinho-Buzelli, Leanna Lee","doi":"10.1097/PXR.0000000000000313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PXR.0000000000000313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Individuals with lower-limb amputations (LLA) often have deficits in balance and community walking ability. As a result, people with LLA are often sedentary. The aim of this study was to explore perceptions of physical activity from the perspective of people with LLA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative descriptive study situated within an interpretive research paradigm was conducted. Semistructured interviews were held by telephone or in person with adults living with major LLAs recruited from rehabilitation hospitals and advertisements on social media. Individuals were included if they were age 18 years and older with a major LLA. Purposive sampling was used to ensure variation by sex, cause, and level of amputation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-three people with LLA participated (22 men/11 women; median age 63 years). The majority of individuals had a unilateral, transtibial amputation (∼50% dysvascular LLA). Three main themes were developed to characterize participants' perceptions of physical activity: (1) physical activity is perceived as important but can be challenging after amputation; (2) physical activity has physical and mental health benefits; and (3) physical activity is a means to maintain independence and engagement in community and social life.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Obtaining the perspectives of individuals with LLA about physical activity helps us understand how they think about it, what motivates them, and how we can optimize physical activity levels. Future research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to enhance physical activity in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":49657,"journal":{"name":"Prosthetics and Orthotics International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139089167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of different taping techniques on transtibial amputation walking parameters: A case report.","authors":"Yasin Ekinci, Fatih Erbahçeci, Tülin Düger","doi":"10.1097/PXR.0000000000000317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PXR.0000000000000317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Buerger disease is a nonatherosclerotic, segmental inflammatory disease of the occlusive tract, often involving medium-sized muscular and small-diameter arteries and veins of the extremities. If medical treatment is not successful, amputation is inevitable. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different kinesiological taping techniques on walking parameters of transtibial amputee with knee extension limitation. Two different kinesiological taping methods (Kinesio Tape and Dynamic Tape) were applied to the transtibial patient with knee extension limitation. Walking performance of patients was assessed with The Biodex Gait Trainer 2. Gait parameters without tape were as follows: average walking speed 0.38 m/s, average step cycle 0.48 cyl/s, average left step length 50 cm, average right step length 43 cm, coefficient of variation 9% at the left, and coefficient of variation 9% at the right. After applying Kinesio Tape and Dynamic Tape, these values were measured as follows: average walking speed 0.50.56 m/s, average step cycle 0.51.56 cyl/s, average left step length 61-60 cm, average right step length 53-54 cm, coefficient of variation 6%-5% at the left, and coefficient of variation 6%-4% at the right side. Dynamic Tape and Kinesio Tape both had positive effects on active joint motion and walking parameters. Regarding walking speed and step length, Dynamic Tape was found to be more effective than Kinesio Tape. Taping methods applied to amputees have positive effects on range of motion, which in return causes improvements on walking parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":49657,"journal":{"name":"Prosthetics and Orthotics International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139089169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}