Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes最新文献

{"title":"What We Do Unwittingly.","authors":"Jon G Allen","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2024.2385085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2024.2385085","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49656,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Concerns of Spanish-Speaking Physical Injury Survivors: Equitable Trauma Care System Service Delivery.","authors":"Alvaro La Rosa, Khadija Abu, Alexandra Hernandez, Douglas Zatzick","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2023.2238573","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00332747.2023.2238573","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective:</i> Few investigations have focused specifically on engaging Spanish-speaking patients in early post-injury comparative effectiveness trials. The goal of this study was to identify and categorize hospitalized Spanish-speaking injury survivors' posttraumatic concerns. <i>Method:</i> A secondary analysis of baseline data collected as part of a larger randomized comparative effectiveness trial was conducted. Participants were 22 male and female Spanish, non-English, speaking survivors of intentional and unintentional injuries, ages ≥ 18. At baseline, while hospitalized, each patient was asked to describe the nature and severity of their post-injury concerns. Patient concern narratives were audio-recorded and later transcribed. Raters coded patients' transcribed concerns into content domains. The associations between patient self-reported concern severity and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms assessed with the PTSD Checklist and depressive symptoms assessed with the PHQ-9 were also ascertained. <i>Results:</i> The concerns of Spanish-speaking patients were reliably categorized into previously described content domains (i.e., work and finance, physical health, social, psychological, medical, and legal domains). The composite Kappa statistic across domains was 0.83 (95% Confidence Interval = 0.74, 0.92). Spanish-speaking patients also expressed novel concerns, including immigration, discriminatory experiences, and Coronavirus pandemic, related concerns. The number of severe patient concerns was highly correlated with PHQ-9 depressive symptom levels (<i>r </i>= 0.52, <i>p </i>< .05). <i>Conclusions:</i> The concerns of Spanish-speaking trauma survivors can be readily elicited and reliably interpreted. Future research could integrate concern narrative elicitation and amelioration into stepped care intervention procedures in order to engage diverse Spanish-speaking injury survivors and advance equitable trauma care system service delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":49656,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9942437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Let's Talk about Bruno: <i>Encanto</i> as a Medium to Teach Psychodynamic Theory.","authors":"Derrick Knox,&nbsp;Glennie Leshen","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2022.2113318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2022.2113318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Encanto</i> is a journey of self-discovery, empowerment, understanding and addressing deep rooted familial and childhood trauma, and reframing our negative thoughts and behaviors into positive ones. It also provides opportunities to sing-along to some of the catchiest earworms to top the Billboard Hot 100 in years. This masterpiece of a film can be used to educate medical students and psychiatry residents on psychodynamic theory in a low-stakes and safe environment to provide insight into our thoughts and feelings, which can be the first step to recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":49656,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10796658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why Psychiatrists Should Read (and Watch) the Lord of the Rings.","authors":"Landon L Van Dell, David A Nissan, Samuel C Collier","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2023.2253665","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00332747.2023.2253665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stories have, throughout all of time, given human beings an opportunity to contrast our own experiences and thoughts with a character's. To imagine another's situation, empathize with it, and then learn of their struggles or achievements, is an excellent opportunity for us to grow. It is transformative. These meaningful messages should be examined, rather than simply dismissed. Medicine has learned much from examining animals, nature, and history. Is it outlandish to consider the possibility that examination of Middle Earth, Hobbits and Elves, could be equally useful? When we consider psychiatric illness or distress, we are examining many very complicated processes happening within an individual's mind. Similarly, when we read or watch a well-done novel or film, the impact can be very far from fictitious. We experience the story with the characters, often reciprocating their emotions and deliberating on their decisions. To chalk this experience up as \"fake\" would be a disservice. After all, the effects of the physical world and a person's imagination can have comparable reverberations throughout the psyche. Stories have considerable impact on our psychological health, and the insight that we extract from them can improve overall emotional wellbeing. The Lord of the Rings is a classic and brilliantly depicted narrative. Despite many characters being of different species, they teach very tangible human lessons. This article will explore some of these lessons, all the while considering their influence and importance in life, whether psychiatrically beneficial or destructive. Specifically, six lessons will be discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":49656,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41154636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustaining Resilience of Healthcare Workers and Leaders during a Pandemic: A Protocol to Support Coping during the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Pavlos Kasdovasilis, Neil Cook, Alexander Montasem","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2023.2246847","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00332747.2023.2246847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective:</i> One way healthcare organisations can support their staff is through supervision. Supervision is typically defined as a process in which professionals receive support and guidance from more experienced colleagues. In this brief review we propose a tailored protocol for supporting support workers during a pandemic. <i>Method:</i> We collected narrative data from difference sources including a systematic meta ethnography and used expert advise in order to tailor the protocol. <i>Results:</i> This protocol can be used by management teams (e.g., senior support workers, team leaders, registered managers, and operation managers) without any prior experience of supervision. The protocol suggested includes a template with easy-to-follow instructions. <i>Conclusions:</i> It provides an easy step-by-step guide that simplifies the process whilst maintaining the depth needed to ensure effective supervision.</p>","PeriodicalId":49656,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10287821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Context and Mood Effects in Interpreting Ambiguous Facial Expressions.","authors":"Marco Kramer,&nbsp;Christine Heinisch,&nbsp;Patrick Baumgart,&nbsp;Martin Brüne,&nbsp;Georg Juckel","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2022.2105603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2022.2105603","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editor, We have recently read that the typical bias toward a negative valence in the classification of ambiguous facial expressions shifts toward positivity through mindfulness interventions (Harp et al., 2022). In general, the classification and interpretation of facial emotions is influenced by a pattern of external cues (e.g., the expresser, visual cues, auditive and verbal cues, body language) and internal cues of the perceiver (e.g., cultural background, mood, personality traits, social learning, psychiatric and neurological disorders, mindfulness; Newen et al., 2015). However, it remains unclear which of these cues are critical in the classification of ambiguous faces. Thus, we performed a pilot study which examined the emotion classification of seven ambiguous facial expressions that were presented on a computer screen in front of eight different emotional contexts suggestive of happiness, fear, anger, disgust and sadness in a randomized order (see, Figure 1), and afterward in their original context. The analyzed sample comprised 38 healthy participants (21 females and 17 males) at a mean age of 22.21 years (SD = 3.138). Mood, life events, and personality were examined using selfreport questionnaires and participants rated their subjective use of context-, eyeand faceinformation by use of a slider bar. A series of explorative paired Wilcoxon tests revealed that emotional contexts affected the classification of ambiguous facial expressions. Results were most concise in a highly salient context suggesting disgust (a picture of maggots), which led to a significantly more frequent classification of disgust than all other emotions. Regarding the other emotional contexts except for contexts suggesting happiness, participants significantly more frequently classified the emotion suggested by the context than most other emotions. Across all emotional conditions, participants more frequently classified emotions of negative valence (fear, anger, sadness, disgust). In the original context, faces were instead classified predominantly as happy, followed by surprise. Bivariate Spearman correlational analyses between the self-reported information and emotional classifications revealed that the participants’ subjective use of contextual but not facial information, the irritability and fear experience subscales of the mood questionnaire (Eigenschaftswörterliste/EWL-K, Janke & Debus, 1978) and","PeriodicalId":49656,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9389163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crowds and Other Collectives: Complexities of Human Behaviors in Mass Emergencies.","authors":"Beverley Raphael","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2023.2289816","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00332747.2023.2289816","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49656,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139040787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wars, Pandemics, Mass Shootings and Human Behavior: Disasters Across the Globe.","authors":"Robert J Ursano","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2023.2284619","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00332747.2023.2284619","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49656,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139040792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why (Should Psychiatrists) Read <i>Moby-Dick</i>?","authors":"David A Nissan,&nbsp;Luke A White","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2023.2207224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2023.2207224","url":null,"abstract":"The majority of the audience is probably thinking that the purpose of this essay is to describe the portrayal of narcissism and ambition in Herman Melville’s memorable character, Captain Ahab. The portrayal is indeed worthy of immortal fame, but alas, that is not the purpose of this essay. Melville barely touches on who Ahab was before he lost his leg, briefly alluding to a wife and daughter left behind or the decades that came before his tragic accident. If his work were used to create a psychiatric history of a Captain Ahab, it would be applauded for its prose, but would likely receive a failing grade for because he included almost no history before the captain was mauled. Who was the man before he encountered this unspeakable natural power? What aspects of his personality were warped by the encounter? Melville gives us preciously little on this topic. So perhaps psychiatrists would not learn much by focusing on the portrayal of the doomed captain. Moreover, Moby-Dick is admittedly a dense and challenging read. With so much medical literature to consume to maintain our skills, why should psychiatrists take the time to brave this American epic? Scholars that have delved between Melville’s dense pages offer some fruitful insights that may help convince our colleagues that this work is worth their attention. In approximately 100 pages, Philbrick (2011) offers a brilliant work outlining a multitude of reasons why readers should brave the intimidating read to enjoy one of America’s greatest novels. Philbrick recognizes that most people were forced to read the book in high school or college, before one had a chance to gather critical life experience or the patience to work through the chapters that go into unwanted extreme detail of whale anatomy. His argument for reading the book centers on Moby-Dicks pervasive role in American culture, becoming akin to a central myth. But Philbrick’s arguments are not specific to psychiatrists, which still leaves the question: why should psychiatrists in particular read Moby-Dick? King (2019) offers a more specific answer to this question in his work exploring Moby-Dick’s vast themes within marine biology, oceanography, and the science of navigation. King describes the marine animals and natural phenomena that appear in the book, expanding upon Melville’s descriptions and adding both the state of knowledge on the topic at the time Moby-Dick was written as well as what is known now. In most of these chapters, he alludes to a theme that Melville frequently returns to in his work: the contrast between the sailors’ knowledge and Ishmael’s skepticism of the “old naturalists” (King, 2019). Much of what people knew about whales in academic circles at the time came from scholars who had dissected many beached whales but had little direct observation of the animals in action. Melville questioned if the writers of the","PeriodicalId":49656,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9518976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Loss and Processing Grief in Psychotherapy of Psychosis.","authors":"Jeremy M Ridenour,&nbsp;Jay A Hamm,&nbsp;Courtney N Wiesepape,&nbsp;Paul H Lysaker","doi":"10.1080/00332747.2022.2161261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.2022.2161261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective:</i> While recovery from psychosis is possible, recovery is a multidimensional construct driven by various factors. One relevant factor to recovery from psychosis that has often been overlooked in the psychotherapy literature is the importance of facing loss and processing grief in relation to psychosis. <i>Methods:</i> A review of the existing empirical literature on grief associated with psychosis was conducted. Clinicians with significant therapeutic experience working with persons with psychosis reviewed cases to examine the losses the patients had suffered and how they responded to these losses. The clinicians considered essential principles that are relevant when helping patients with psychosis integrate loss and process grief. <i>Results:</i> Persons who have experienced psychosis often experience the loss of role functioning, interpersonal relationships, cognition, and self-concept. However, when these losses are not fully integrated into the person's identity, it can result in either more losses due to denial and metacognitive impairments or increased hopelessness and depression due to internalized stigma. Five elements in psychotherapy of psychosis were identified that can facilitate the integration of loss and processing of grief: understand the personal experience of the psychotic episode, attend to feelings of grief and the primary loss, explore the meaning of psychotic symptoms and identity implications, integrate psychotic vulnerabilities into the sense of self, and foster realistic hope in the face of an uncertain future. <i>Conclusion:</i> Psychotherapy can enable persons with psychosis to make meaning of their losses, process their grief, integrate their psychotic vulnerability into their sense of self, and develop realistic hope.</p>","PeriodicalId":49656,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry-Interpersonal and Biological Processes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9961929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}