Gang Hu, Huiying Wang, Bo Xu, Ping Wang, Liubing Xu, Jinming Xie, Xing Wang, Long Qiao, Changhui Guo, Junkang Wang, Jiafu Zhang, Wenxu Wang, La Ta, Lei Wang
{"title":"Sedimentation rate changes across the Chinese Loess Plateau from luminescence dating of Malan loess in the Sanmen Gorge","authors":"Gang Hu, Huiying Wang, Bo Xu, Ping Wang, Liubing Xu, Jinming Xie, Xing Wang, Long Qiao, Changhui Guo, Junkang Wang, Jiafu Zhang, Wenxu Wang, La Ta, Lei Wang","doi":"10.1017/qua.2024.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2024.18","url":null,"abstract":"The Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP), recognized as the world's largest loess plateau, has been a subject of ongoing debate regarding the continuity of its sedimentary loess sequence due to its intricate depositional environment. In this study, we conducted dating on a 9.8-m-long Malan loess core obtained from the Sanmen Gorge in the southern CLP using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL). The OSL dates indicate loess deposition between 52.4 and 11.3 ka, with no apparent hiatus on a millennial scale, and a sedimentation rate (SR) exhibiting six distinct episodes. Additionally, a comprehensive review of 613 OSL ages from 18 sections at 14 sites across the CLP was conducted. The results reveal loess deposition at most sites shows no apparent hiatus on a millennial scale over the past 60 ka, except for two specific locations. High SR episodes during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 across the CLP were attributed to heightened dust emissions from the source region and an enhanced dust deposition efficiency, while MIS 2 deposits were influenced by an intensified East Asian winter monsoon. Low SR episodes during MIS 1 at most sites were likely associated with reduced atmospheric transportation and pedogenesis. Spatially heterogeneous SR variations across the CLP might be influenced by local depositional environments.","PeriodicalId":49643,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Research","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francisco J. García-Tortosa, Pedro Alfaro, Iván Martin-Rojas, Iván Medina-Cascales, Santiago Giralt
{"title":"Understanding the fluvial capture of the Guadix-Baza Basin in SE Spain through its oldest exorheic deposits","authors":"Francisco J. García-Tortosa, Pedro Alfaro, Iván Martin-Rojas, Iván Medina-Cascales, Santiago Giralt","doi":"10.1017/qua.2024.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2024.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The fluvial capture of endorheic basins represents a milestone in basin chronology, implying a profound disequilibrium that triggers critical geomorphological, sedimentological, paleogeographic, and even paleoecological transformations. The primary goal of many geomorphological studies is to determine the timing of endorheic-to-exorheic transitions with the objective of unveiling the dynamics that follow the capture event. The age of the Guadix-Baza Basin capture in the Central Betic Cordillera (S Spain) remains a subject of controversy, with proposed estimates ranging from 17 to 600 ka. In this study, we present new <span>234</span>U/<span>230</span>Th and optically stimulated luminescence ages from exorheic deposits exposed within the basin's main fluvial valley, the Guadiana Menor River. We acquired the oldest numerical age recorded to date for a postcapture deposit within the basin. This age corresponds to a travertine platform formed 240.8 ± 25 ka on a surface level that was already incised into the glacis surface at approximately 250 m. Using these data, we estimate that basin capture took place earlier than ca. 240 ka, plus the time required for the river to incise 250 m to the position of the travertine. Furthermore, the proximity of the Matuyama-Brunhes reversal (781 ka) to the top of the endorheic succession and the ages of the paleontological sites (> ca. 750 ka) throughout the basin suggest that the capture could have occurred earlier than the oldest previously proposed age of 600 ka.</p>","PeriodicalId":49643,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Research","volume":"15 31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Large herbivore δ18O as a proxy for aridity in the South African winter and year-round rainfall zone","authors":"Julie Luyt, J. Tyler Faith, Judith Sealy","doi":"10.1017/qua.2024.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2024.21","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study explores patterning in δ<span>18</span>O values of tooth enamel in contemporary African herbivores from mainly C<span>3</span>-dominated ecosystems. Evapotranspiration causes plants to lose H<span>2</span><span>16</span>O to a greater extent than H<span>2</span><span>18</span>O, leaving leaves enriched in <span>18</span>O. In eastern Africa, ES species (evaporation-sensitive species: those obtaining water from food) tend to have more positive δ<span>18</span>O<span>enamel</span> values than EI species (evaporation-insensitive species: those heavily dependent on drinking water); the magnitude of the difference increases with increasing aridity. We find the same pattern applies in the winter and year-round rainfall region of southern Africa, allowing us to use δ<span>18</span>O<span>enamel</span> in fossil animals to examine paleo-aridity. We apply this approach to infer aridity at Quaternary fossil assemblages from present-day winter and year-round rainfall zones, including Elandsfontein (ca. 1–0.6 Ma), Hoedjiespunt (ca. 300–130 ka), and Nelson Bay Cave (23.5–3 ka). This analysis suggests that (1) at various times during the Pleistocene, Elandsfontein and Hoedjiespunt environments were wetter than last glacial maximum (LGM) to Holocene environments at Nelson Bay Cave (year-round rainfall zone); and (2) considered alongside other evidence from the year-round rainfall zone, wetter conditions across the Pleistocene–Holocene transition at Nelson Bay Cave suggests that climate changes at near-coastal sites may be out of phase with the adjacent interior.</p>","PeriodicalId":49643,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Research","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Olga Korsakova, Anatoly Molodkov, Nataliya Zaretskaya, Vasily Grigoriev
{"title":"Sedimentologic successions and chronology of the late Pleistocene deposits on the southern Kola Peninsula, northern Europe","authors":"Olga Korsakova, Anatoly Molodkov, Nataliya Zaretskaya, Vasily Grigoriev","doi":"10.1017/qua.2024.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2024.24","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Late Pleistocene deposits in the southern Kola Peninsula, adjacent to the White Sea, evidence the complex alternation between marine transgressions and glacial expansions in northern Europe during successive late Pleistocene warm and cold stages. According to lithostratigraphic and chronological data from key sections, southern Kola Peninsula underwent two phases of the Boreal marine transgression during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5; marine environments, encompassing the very end of MIS 4 and almost the entirety of MIS 3, were also recognized. Age determinations using electron spin resonance (ESR) and infrared optically stimulated luminescence (IR-OSL) techniques reveal marine sediments with ages ranging from 138–128 ka to 72.4 ± 5.6 ka in the Varzuga, Chavanga, Chapoma 1 and 2, and Bolshaya Kumzhevaya sections, indicating initial and second phases of the Boreal transgression. The presence of marine deposits with ages ranging from ca. 59 ka to 37 ka in the Chavanga, Kamenka, Chapoma 2, and Bolshaya Kumzhevaya sections also suggests an accumulation stage in the marine environment. The research material from the studied sections provides evidence of a short glacier expansion into coastal areas of the White Sea during early MIS 4 and a continuous glaciation from the late MIS 3 and throughout MIS 2.</p>","PeriodicalId":49643,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Research","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lionel E. Jackson, Brent C. Ward, Stephen R. Hicock, Raphael Gromig, John J. Clague, Derek G. Turner
{"title":"New insights into the glacial and relative sea-level history of the western Fraser Lowland based on sediment cores from geotechnical drilling for the Evergreen Tunnel, British Columbia, Canada","authors":"Lionel E. Jackson, Brent C. Ward, Stephen R. Hicock, Raphael Gromig, John J. Clague, Derek G. Turner","doi":"10.1017/qua.2024.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2024.9","url":null,"abstract":"Geotechnical drilling for a tunnel between Port Moody and Burnaby, BC, Canada, uncovered a buried fjord. Its sedimentary fill has a thickness of at least 130 m and extends more than 37 m below present mean sea level. Recovered sediments record cyclical growth and decay of successive Cordilleran ice sheets. The oldest sediments comprise 58 m of almost stoneless silt conformably overlying ice-proximal sediments and till, which in turn overlie bedrock. These sediments may predate Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 4. Glacial sediments assigned to MIS 4 overlie this basal succession and, in turn, are overlain by MIS 3 interstadial sediments and sediments from two MIS 2 glacial advances. Indicators of relative sea-level elevations that bracket glacial deposits of MIS 4 and 2 indicate the cyclic existence of moat-like isostatic depressions in the front of expanding ice sheets. Compared with present sea level, these depressions were at least 160 m during the onsets of MIS 4 and MIS 2. Assuming a maximum eustatic drawdown of 120 m during MIS 2, isostatic depression may have exceeded 200 m during retreat of glacial ice from the Evergreen tunnel area. This is consistent with region-specific low mantle viscosity and rapid Cordilleran Ice Sheet buildup and wasting.","PeriodicalId":49643,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Research","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141511494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rastko S. Marković, Zoran M. Perić, Milivoj B. Gavrilov, Slobodan B. Marković, Jef Vandenberghe, Randall J. Schaetzl, Igor Obreht, Tamás Bartyik, Milica G. Radaković, Aleksandar Radivojević, Miloš Marjanović, Tin Lukić, György Sipos
{"title":"Aeolian dynamics at the northern edge of Deliblato (Banat) Sand Sea, Vojvodina, Serbia, at the time of the last deglaciation","authors":"Rastko S. Marković, Zoran M. Perić, Milivoj B. Gavrilov, Slobodan B. Marković, Jef Vandenberghe, Randall J. Schaetzl, Igor Obreht, Tamás Bartyik, Milica G. Radaković, Aleksandar Radivojević, Miloš Marjanović, Tin Lukić, György Sipos","doi":"10.1017/qua.2024.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2024.13","url":null,"abstract":"The Deliblato (Banat) Sand Sea, which is one of the largest areas of аeolian sand in Europe, is located near the Iron Gate, which marks the crossing of the Danube River through the biggest gorge of this river. Here, Danubian alluvium has served as the sand source for the Banat Sand Sea, which was formed primarily through southeasterly (Košava) winds. Utilizing a multi-proxy approach, the objective of this study is to gain a better understanding of the environmental dynamics of the Banat Sand Sea. To achieve this goal, we conducted an analysis of an archive representing an approximately 20-m-thick dune formation on the northern edge of this dune field. Using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, we calculated aeolian sedimentation rates and dune ages. Sand was deposited here approximately between 17 ka and 13 ka. Magnetic susceptibility, grain size, and colorimetric analyses were interpreted in terms of local paleoenvironmental conditions. Calculated sedimentation rates (SR) indicate intensive aeolian deposition during the study period that range from 483 cm/ka to 502 cm/ka. We compared our data with regional and other European archives, as well as with climatic variations recorded in the Greenland ice core North Greenland Ice Core Project (NGRIP).","PeriodicalId":49643,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Research","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140827124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Latest Pleistocene glacial chronology and paleoclimate reconstruction for the East River watershed, Colorado, USA","authors":"Brendon J. Quirk, Isaac J. Larsen, Alan J. Hidy","doi":"10.1017/qua.2024.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2024.5","url":null,"abstract":"Reconstructing Pleistocene glaciation timing and extent is vital for understanding paleoclimate. Whereas late Pleistocene glaciation has been studied extensively in western North American mountain ranges, the glacial history of the western Elk Range in Colorado remains understudied, particularly in the East River watershed, a site of intense scientific focus. Here we use cosmogenic nuclide exposure and depth–profile dating methods to determine the timing of glaciation in the East River watershed. We use glacier modeling to reconstruct paleoglacier extents and quantify past climate conditions. Our findings indicate that the East River glacier retreated from its maximum position approximately 17–18 ka, moving to recessional positions between 13 and 15 ka, before experiencing more substantial retreat to high-elevation cirques around 13 ka. Glacier modeling suggests that the maximum ice extents at 17–18 ka could have been sustained by temperature depressions of approximately −6.5°C compared to modern conditions, assuming consistent precipitation. Additionally, the ice position at 13–15 ka could have been supported by temperature depressions of around −4.0°C. These results offer insights into the deglaciation timeline in the East River watershed and broader western Elk Range as well as paleoclimate conditions during the late Pleistocene, which may aid future research on critical zone evolution in the East River watershed.","PeriodicalId":49643,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Research","volume":"249 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140560561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chronology of the early transgressive phase of Lake Bonneville","authors":"Charles G. Oviatt, Vicki A. Pedone","doi":"10.1017/qua.2024.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2024.10","url":null,"abstract":"Radiocarbon and uranium-thorium dating of microbialites and penecontemporaneous cements in a microbialite mound at Death Point at Lakeside, Utah, on the shore of Great Salt Lake, Utah, call for a revision of the Lake Bonneville hydrograph. At about 30,000 cal yr BP, the lake experienced an abrupt rise of about 20 m, then dropped back down to levels near or slightly higher than the modern average elevation of Great Salt Lake. Over the ensuing ~6000 yr the lake experienced a series of fluctuations, up to levels a few tens of meters higher than the modern average Great Salt Lake, then down again. The exact timing and amplitudes of those fluctuations are not known, but importantly, the lake did not rise to levels near the Stansbury shoreline (~80 m higher than Great Salt Lake) until after about 24,000 cal yr BP. After the Stansbury shoreline, the lake rose almost 200 m to its highest level at the Bonneville shoreline by about 17,500 cal yr BP. This interpretation is different from previously published hydrographs, many of which show a relatively steady rise to near the Stansbury shoreline between 30,000 and 25,000 cal yr BP.","PeriodicalId":49643,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Research","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140560543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Open paleoenvironment and dry climate in south India immediately before the Youngest Toba Tuff eruption (~75 ka) are suggested by Vondrichnus structures at the Jwalapuram locality, Jurreru valley","authors":"Ajab Singh","doi":"10.1017/qua.2024.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2024.11","url":null,"abstract":"The Younger Toba Tuff (YTT) eruption is regarded as one of the largest of its time and possibly responsible for changing past climate and vegetation from C<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> to C<jats:sub>4</jats:sub> in the Indian subcontinent. A paleosol constituting a Toba pre-tephra horizon at the Jwalapuram locality, exhibits the preservation of biogenic structures identified as <jats:italic>Vondrichnus planoglobus</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Vondrichnus obovatus.</jats:italic> This study investigated their paleoecological and paleoenvironmental significance. These structures are hard and compact, rounded to sub-rounded, spherical to sub-spherical bodies with empty chambers, surrounded by carbonate layers, and preserved in close proximity to termite pipes and nests and rhizolith structures. Their occurrence in the Jwalapuram area is significant, as the locality has been well documented as suitable for reconstruction of past climate and vegetation in light of the impact of the YTT eruption. Based on the present findings, we assume that the investigated locality would likely have an insect population and bush to scrub vegetation, indicating a dry environment immediately before the YTT eruption.","PeriodicalId":49643,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Research","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140302128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cliff recession geodynamics variability and constraints within poorly consolidated landslide-prone coasts in the southern Baltic Sea, Poland","authors":"Jerzy Jan Frydel","doi":"10.1017/qua.2024.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2024.8","url":null,"abstract":"This study identifies the reasons for geodynamics variability of the coastal system within two cliff-shore sections of the southern Baltic Sea (SBS). The comparative analysis included distinct moraines and their foregrounds near the open sea (S1) and within the Gulf of Gdańsk (S2). Short-term trends indicate a direct link between landslide occurrence and increased cliff retreat. Long-term (total) values were obtained by developing the 4F MODEL for large-scale applications, based on the analysis of remote sensing and hydroacoustic data (to determine the extent of shore platforms), the modelling of higher-order polynomial functions describing their extent, followed by the integral calculus of the indicated functions within the open-source Desmos environment. The retreat dynamics for individual landslides (S1) was an order of magnitude higher (m/yr) than the average for the whole cliff section (0.17 ± 0.008 m/yr), which correlates well with medium- and long-term development tendencies and recession dynamics, revealed by the numerical modelling method, since approximately 8 ka b2k, years before 2000 CE (at S1 = 0.17 ± 0.020 m/yr, at S2 = 0.11 ± 0.005 m/yr). While the approach described in this paper can reveal, project, and simulate the dynamics of past and future trends within other cliffed coasts shaped in tideless conditions, it also proves stable moraine erosional responses to sea-level rise since the Mid-Holocene.","PeriodicalId":49643,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Research","volume":"2015 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140200173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}