Rangeland Ecology & Management最新文献

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No Field Evidence of Grass Fuel Structure effects on Postfire Tree Mortality in Juniperus virginiana 没有实地证据表明草燃料结构对杜松火后树木死亡率有影响
IF 2.4 3区 环境科学与生态学
Rangeland Ecology & Management Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2024.07.012
Xiulin Gao , Dylan W. Schwilk , Robin Verble
{"title":"No Field Evidence of Grass Fuel Structure effects on Postfire Tree Mortality in Juniperus virginiana","authors":"Xiulin Gao ,&nbsp;Dylan W. Schwilk ,&nbsp;Robin Verble","doi":"10.1016/j.rama.2024.07.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rama.2024.07.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prescribed fires are an important management tool for containing woody plant encroachment in rangeland ecosystems. Grasses are the dominant fuel type in rangelands. Past work has shown that grass canopy architecture, which varies among grass species, can influence flammability. Whether variation in grass fuel structure can influence postfire plant responses has not yet been tested. To bridge this gap, we set up field burning experiments with different fuel treatments and examined postfire mortality of <em>Juniperus virginiana</em> L. in a tallgrass prairie in southwestern Missouri. We sampled 60 trees and measured tree height and diameter at breast height before the fire. Fuels surrounding each tree were manipulated to vary independently in both fuel load and fuel structure. Flame temperatures were measured during the fire, and both stem and canopy injuries were evaluated 1 d after the fire. We surveyed tree mortality 7 mo after the fire. We found no effects of either fuel load or fuel structure on postfire mortality or on canopy injury in <em>J. virginiana</em>. Canopy injury was a critical fire severity measurement determining postfire mortality in <em>J. virginiana</em>, and taller trees are more fire resilient. Despite laboratory-observed fuel structure effects on flammability, this study finds no evidence for the importance of grass fuel load and canopy architecture in influencing postfire tree response. This result might arise from the low crown depth and low canopy water content of <em>J. virginiana</em>, which can promote canopy fire and result in a high mortality rate across fuel treatments. Notwithstanding the negative results, testing laboratory-based findings in field settings is important for further examining laboratory observations and upscaling individual-level processes to ecosystems to help identify the key ecological processes determining population dynamics and community assembly. Our study also suggests that prescribed fire is an effective tool to remove encroaching <em>J. virginiana</em> in tallgrass prairies at an early stage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49634,"journal":{"name":"Rangeland Ecology & Management","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 110-117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Patch-Burn Grazing: An Economic Analysis of Pyric Herbivory Rangeland Management by Cow–Calf Producers 烧地放牧:牛-小牛生产者热草地管理的经济分析
IF 2.4 3区 环境科学与生态学
Rangeland Ecology & Management Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2024.07.007
Hannah M. Baker , Hannah E. Shear , Derrell S. Peel , Kellie Curry Raper , Samuel D. Fuhlendorf
{"title":"Patch-Burn Grazing: An Economic Analysis of Pyric Herbivory Rangeland Management by Cow–Calf Producers","authors":"Hannah M. Baker ,&nbsp;Hannah E. Shear ,&nbsp;Derrell S. Peel ,&nbsp;Kellie Curry Raper ,&nbsp;Samuel D. Fuhlendorf","doi":"10.1016/j.rama.2024.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rama.2024.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rangeland management decisions require cattle producers to select practices that improve the sustainability of rangelands to maintain cattle production while remaining profitable. The invasion of Eastern red cedar (<em>Juniperus virginiana)</em> across the Great Plains due to fire suppression is limiting grazeable land for cattle. Woody plant encroachment (WPE), combined with drought impacts and high input costs, becomes expensive for cattle producers who are forced to supplement, destock, or both. Patch-burn grazing is a practice based on the understanding of the interaction of fire and grazing (pyric herbivory) that divides a pasture into sections, burning one section rotationally each year. It offers improved rangeland productivity by providing high-quality forages, mitigation for drought impacts, and control of WPE. Despite these benefits, the adoption of patch-burn grazing by cattle producers is limited. Our goal involved increasing awareness of the benefits of patch-burn grazing by estimating the costs and long-term economic benefits and comparing them to those of one of the more traditional approaches of burning an entire pasture every 3 yr. In building an economic analysis, our objectives were to calculate utilization costs and quantify the benefits of high-quality forages and drought impact mitigation.</div><div>Results indicated that patch-burn grazing will cost approximately $5.94 more per hectare per year than burning the entire pasture every 3 yr. The benefit of cows having continual access to high-quality forages in recently burned areas results in savings of $20 per head per year in winter supplementation costs. Additionally, utilizing patch-burn grazing before a drought, not burning during a drought, and resuming after the drought reduce supplementation and burn costs by 4.5% and increase future value of savings by $100.21 per cow compared with those caused by traditional management practices after 6 yr. An economic analysis of patch-burn grazing provides beneficial economic information to aid cow–calf producers in the decision-making process of rangeland management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49634,"journal":{"name":"Rangeland Ecology & Management","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 41-48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of Dormant Season and Contemporary Spring-Summer Grazing on Plant Community Composition in the Sagebrush Ecosystem 休眠期和当代春夏放牧对山艾属植物群落组成的影响
IF 2.4 3区 环境科学与生态学
Rangeland Ecology & Management Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2024.07.006
Vanessa M. Schroeder , Dustin D. Johnson , Kirk W. Davies , Chad S. Boyd , Rory C. O'Connor
{"title":"Effects of Dormant Season and Contemporary Spring-Summer Grazing on Plant Community Composition in the Sagebrush Ecosystem","authors":"Vanessa M. Schroeder ,&nbsp;Dustin D. Johnson ,&nbsp;Kirk W. Davies ,&nbsp;Chad S. Boyd ,&nbsp;Rory C. O'Connor","doi":"10.1016/j.rama.2024.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rama.2024.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Livestock grazing is the primary land use across sagebrush ecosystems in the western US and its effects have been subject to extensive research and debate. Historical overgrazing, annual grass invasion and associated increase in fire frequency, conifer encroachment, climate change, and human modification have resulted in the loss or degradation of 86% of sagebrush ecosystems, leading to intensified interest in how remaining intact rangelands are managed. Unlike historical, continuous grazing, contemporary practices generally incorporate planned periods of rest and recovery from grazing during the growing season. Dormant season grazing is one such practice that shows promise for improving degraded rangelands and reducing wildfire risk. However, no studies have compared moderate intensity dormant season grazing to contemporary spring-summer grazing and grazing exclusion in sagebrush rangelands dominated by perennial bunchgrasses. We evaluated the effects of contemporary spring-summer grazing, dormant season grazing, and grazing exclusion on plant community characteristics in a Wyoming big sagebrush ecosystem. We expected the effects of dormant season grazing to be comparable to grazing exclusion. Deep-rooted perennial bunchgrass cover and density and shallow-rooted perennial bunchgrass cover in grazed areas did not differ from grazing exclusion (control) sites, and we found no support that grazing altered the deep-rooted perennial bunchgrass community through time. Dormant season grazing reduced native annual forb and sagebrush cover, but increased density of the shallow-rooted perennial bunchgrass. Our results suggest contemporary spring-summer or dormant season grazing are unlikely to lead to a decline in desirable perennial bunchgrasses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49634,"journal":{"name":"Rangeland Ecology & Management","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 214-222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Appraising Formal and Informal Insurance Approaches Within Pastoralist Social Networks in Northern Kenya 评估肯尼亚北部牧民社会网络中的正式和非正式保险方法
IF 2.4 3区 环境科学与生态学
Rangeland Ecology & Management Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2024.07.005
Brian N. Muchema , Judith S. Mbau , Nzioka J. Muthama
{"title":"Appraising Formal and Informal Insurance Approaches Within Pastoralist Social Networks in Northern Kenya","authors":"Brian N. Muchema ,&nbsp;Judith S. Mbau ,&nbsp;Nzioka J. Muthama","doi":"10.1016/j.rama.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rama.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pastoral resource scarcity resulting from climate shocks, particularly drought, impoverishes and adversely affects pastoralists in arid and semiarid lands. Understanding how pastoralists apply established and contemporary risk management approaches is critical for policy and planning on social protection for vulnerable communities. Hence, this study sought to describe existing informal risk-sharing approaches and explore index-based livestock insurance (IBLI) as a formal risk-sharing approach employed by pastoralists to cope with pastoral resource scarcity. Based on the socioecological and disaster approaches to resilience theory, this research employed a qualitative descriptive design. Using semistructured in-person interviews, data were collected from a sample of 69 household respondents, a focus group discussion, and 4 key informants. This study found that although social networks enhance resource sharing, adverse climate stressors were strangling the traditional resource-sharing structures of pastoralism. As a result, this study noted a potential shift from collective risk sharing to household-based or self-insurance among pastoralists. IBLI uptake was recorded as low at 17% due to low awareness levels, a slowed premium sale supply, and a plausible product trust deficit. This study affirms that formal insurance can leverage informal insurance social networks to assist households in coping better with climate shocks, thus enhancing livelihood resilience. The study recommends establishing a framework that integrates both the traditional and modern approaches to risk sharing. Additionally, a focus on designing formal risk-sharing products that cater to household and collective shock recovery may be promising.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49634,"journal":{"name":"Rangeland Ecology & Management","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 160-169"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Postfire Herbicide Application Reduces Macartney Rose in Attwater's Prairie-Chicken Habitat 火后除草剂的使用减少了阿特沃特草原鸡栖息地的马卡尼玫瑰
IF 2.4 3区 环境科学与生态学
Rangeland Ecology & Management Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2024.06.017
Catherine V. Lechnar , George K. Gyan , Robert Puckett , Robert D. Cox , Blake A. Grisham , Nathan S. Gill
{"title":"Postfire Herbicide Application Reduces Macartney Rose in Attwater's Prairie-Chicken Habitat","authors":"Catherine V. Lechnar ,&nbsp;George K. Gyan ,&nbsp;Robert Puckett ,&nbsp;Robert D. Cox ,&nbsp;Blake A. Grisham ,&nbsp;Nathan S. Gill","doi":"10.1016/j.rama.2024.06.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rama.2024.06.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prescribed fire in coastal prairies maintains habitat diversity, improves nutrient cycling, and reduces impacts of invasive species. However, some invasive species thrive after disturbance, necessitating more nuanced management strategies. Managers in the Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge use combinations of prescribed fire and herbicide to control the spread of Macartney rose (<em>Rosa bracteata</em>). However, literature suggests that the efficacy of such a strategy has been inconsistent, perhaps owing to differences in the seasonal timing and frequency of herbicide and burning treatments. We compared the timing of herbicide applications in relation to prescribed fire and their effects on Macartney rose by monitoring 160  ×  100 m<sup>2</sup> belt transects distributed among four categories of treatment strategy: prefire herbicide, postfire herbicide, both, or no herbicide (fire only). Prefire herbicide applications were conducted followed by prescribed fires in December 2021–January 2022, and postfire herbicide was applied in April–May 2022. We conducted plant surveys and measured Macartney rose density and cover in between and after each treatment. After all treatments, we collected arthropods by sweep netting and identified them to the order level. We also baited and collected ants and later identified and counted red imported fire ants under a microscope. We found that Macartney rose density declined by ∼40% and cover exhibited a five-fold decrease in transects that received herbicide both before and after fire, whereas plant and arthropod diversity were unchanged regardless of herbicide treatment. Prescribed fire and herbicide application are essential tools for modern coastal prairie management, but nuances regarding the different ways these tools might be combined should be considered to optimize invasive species control while limiting undesirable effects. In the case presented in this study, Macartney rose was most significantly reduced, and plant and arthropod diversity were maintained using strategies that combined fire and herbicide differently than most common practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49634,"journal":{"name":"Rangeland Ecology & Management","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 237-245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Editorial Board/Journal Info 编辑委员会/期刊信息
IF 2.4 3区 环境科学与生态学
Rangeland Ecology & Management Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1016/S1550-7424(24)00144-1
{"title":"Editorial Board/Journal Info","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1550-7424(24)00144-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1550-7424(24)00144-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49634,"journal":{"name":"Rangeland Ecology & Management","volume":"96 ","pages":"Page IFC"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1550742424001441/pdfft?md5=0268c3d64e0f21d55e2f06ccedddb46e&pid=1-s2.0-S1550742424001441-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142011738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Forum: The History and Development of Small Mammal Control on China's Grasslands and Potential Implications for Conservation 论坛:中国草原小哺乳动物控制的历史与发展及其对保护的潜在意义
IF 2.4 3区 环境科学与生态学
Rangeland Ecology & Management Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2024.07.001
Joseph P. Lambert , Yujie Niu , Kun Shi , Philip Riordan
{"title":"Forum: The History and Development of Small Mammal Control on China's Grasslands and Potential Implications for Conservation","authors":"Joseph P. Lambert ,&nbsp;Yujie Niu ,&nbsp;Kun Shi ,&nbsp;Philip Riordan","doi":"10.1016/j.rama.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rama.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Grasslands make up almost half of China's territory and are important ecological and economic areas. The native small mammals that inhabit these grasslands are often seen as pests competing with livestock and are subjected to population control. At the same time, several species are functionally important ecosystem engineers, and their removal can have far-reaching consequences for grassland health. We review the history and development of attempts to control populations of small burrowing mammals on China's grasslands from ancient times to the present day, and the relevance of these programs to grassland conservation. We describe the different methods of control in use today, and attempt to assess their prevalence and their possible effects on grassland ecosystems from a conservation perspective. Non-chemical methods are used, including manual trapping and biological control with native predators. Four rodenticides are currently registered for use on China's grasslands. Most chemical control is carried out with botulinum toxins type- C and D. We identify 41 species, across two orders (Rodentia and Lagomorpha) and seven families, which are targets of pest control. Two of these species, <em>Marmota sibirica</em> and <em>Ochotona koslowi</em>, are classed as Endangered by the IUCN. Several others are important ecosystem engineers. Case studies on the potential ecological impacts of control programs against two ecosystem engineers, zokors (<em>Eospalax fontanierii</em>) and marmots (<em>Marmota</em> spp.), are described. Finally, we give recommendations for researchers on how to approach this issue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49634,"journal":{"name":"Rangeland Ecology & Management","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 28-40"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Improving Seeding Success in Annual Grass-Invaded Areas Using Pre-emergent Herbicide and Deep Furrowing Techniques 利用苗期除草剂和深沟技术提高一年生牧草入侵地区的播种成功率
IF 2.4 3区 环境科学与生态学
Rangeland Ecology & Management Pub Date : 2024-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2024.06.012
S. Chad Camp , Val J. Anderson , Mitch G. Thacker , Rhett M. Anderson , Todd F. Robinson , Tamzen K. Stringham , Kevin L. Gunnell , Daniel D. Summers , Matthew D. Madsen
{"title":"Improving Seeding Success in Annual Grass-Invaded Areas Using Pre-emergent Herbicide and Deep Furrowing Techniques","authors":"S. Chad Camp ,&nbsp;Val J. Anderson ,&nbsp;Mitch G. Thacker ,&nbsp;Rhett M. Anderson ,&nbsp;Todd F. Robinson ,&nbsp;Tamzen K. Stringham ,&nbsp;Kevin L. Gunnell ,&nbsp;Daniel D. Summers ,&nbsp;Matthew D. Madsen","doi":"10.1016/j.rama.2024.06.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rama.2024.06.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exotic annual weeds have invaded and transformed western North American ecosystems. Restoration of these invaded sites has been met with low levels of success. Pre-emergent herbicides can effectively control these annual weeds, but this treatment does not allow for the concurrent seeding of desired species. Seeding within a deep U-shaped furrow following herbicide application may be a method to reduce pre-emergent herbicide effects by transferring the herbicide away from the seed at the time of planting. We investigated this method by spraying plots with or without the pre-emergent herbicide imazapic, then planting with or without a deep furrow. Treatments (i.e., spraying and furrowing) were applied using mechanical equipment within a single pass at six sites. In plots without imazapic, deep furrows generally had higher plant density and more above-ground biomass of seeded species than those in plots without furrows. Similarly, in plots with imazapic, deep furrows generally improved measured plant metrics for the seeded species. For example, plant density in deep furrows was 62–97% higher than that with nonfurrow treatments in plots with imazapic and 41–89% higher in plots without imazapic. Deep furrows also decreased exotic annual weeds in the first year after planting, but weed reduction was generally more effective when this treatment was applied with imazapic. Overall, this research provides evidence that deep furrows alone can improve seeding success in most instances. Nevertheless, combining herbicide application with deep furrows in a one-pass system should be considered in areas with high weed cover. Due to the substantial soil disturbance caused by deep furrows, this method should be selectively applied, such as constraining the treatment to substantially degraded areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49634,"journal":{"name":"Rangeland Ecology & Management","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 256-268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mapping Floral Resources in Montane Landscapes Using Unmanned Aerial Systems and Two-step Random Forest Classifications 基于无人机系统和两步随机森林分类的山地景观花卉资源制图
IF 2.4 3区 环境科学与生态学
Rangeland Ecology & Management Pub Date : 2024-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2024.06.016
Jesse Tabor , Alexander Hernandez , Diana Cox-Foster , Byron G. Love , Lindsie M. McCabe , Matthew Robbins , Jonathan B.U. Koch
{"title":"Mapping Floral Resources in Montane Landscapes Using Unmanned Aerial Systems and Two-step Random Forest Classifications","authors":"Jesse Tabor ,&nbsp;Alexander Hernandez ,&nbsp;Diana Cox-Foster ,&nbsp;Byron G. Love ,&nbsp;Lindsie M. McCabe ,&nbsp;Matthew Robbins ,&nbsp;Jonathan B.U. Koch","doi":"10.1016/j.rama.2024.06.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rama.2024.06.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monitoring floral biodiversity is a critical step in understanding terrestrial ecosystems. However, manual methods to quantify flowering vegetation are costly in time and personnel. In large landscapes, these limited methods may not capture the spatial and temporal variation of floral resources. Recent advances in sensors and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platforms offer opportunities to characterize the dynamic distribution of floral resources at the landscape level. In this study, UAV imagery and a multistep machine learning classification analysis were used to quantify floral resources in nonagricultural environments, where topography, vegetation, and inflorescence size were variable. Seven flowering species covering an area of 2 138 m<sup>2</sup> were classified throughout our study, equaling 0.5% of the overall landscape. We determined the period of flowering for important species based on the temporal changes of the floral area classified from UAV images. Models performed well considering the extreme rarity of flowers in the UAV images. The flower class in the land cover classification models performed well with an average sensitivity of 0.77 and average specificity of 0.99. Individual flower classes also performed well with the majority of flower classes receiving sensitivity and specificity values of over 0.90. The use of UAVs is a feasible method for characterizing floral resources in nonagricultural settings. Classifications would benefit from a more robust and comprehensive UAV and floral resource sampling plan, to better characterize the variability of floral resources in UAV imagery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49634,"journal":{"name":"Rangeland Ecology & Management","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 223-236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Diversity and Abundance of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Soil Bacteria in Purshia tridentata Stands in the Sagebrush Steppe 山艾草原三叉戟林丛枝菌根真菌和土壤细菌的多样性和丰度
IF 2.4 3区 环境科学与生态学
Rangeland Ecology & Management Pub Date : 2024-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2024.06.013
David Eduardo Prado-Tarango , Ricardo Mata-González , Dana Sanchez , Lisa Ellsworth
{"title":"Diversity and Abundance of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Soil Bacteria in Purshia tridentata Stands in the Sagebrush Steppe","authors":"David Eduardo Prado-Tarango ,&nbsp;Ricardo Mata-González ,&nbsp;Dana Sanchez ,&nbsp;Lisa Ellsworth","doi":"10.1016/j.rama.2024.06.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rama.2024.06.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil microorganisms, including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and nitrogen fixing bacteria, require better integration into ecological restoration programs as they might facilitate plant establishment. Both are believed to be critical for the establishment of native rangeland plant species such as <em>Purshia tridentata</em>. We evaluated the AMF and bacterial diversity and abundance from soils in 1) areas with undisturbed P. tridentata stands in rangelands of north-central Oregon and 2) areas where <em>P. tridentata</em> was eliminated because of wildfires. We collected soil from three locations 1) areas with undisturbed <em>P. tridentata</em> stands in rangelands of North-central Oregon and 2) areas where <em>P. tridentata</em> was eliminated because of wildfires. We also collected roots from live <em>P tridentata</em> plants<em>.</em> We used 16s rRNA gene and ITS amplicon sequencing to determine and compare bacterial and AMF microbiomes. We wanted to evaluate the soil bacteria to the family level to determine the presence of the Frankiaceae family, and the AMF to the species level to evaluate which AMF species colonized this plant. Bacterial and AMF diversity did not vary between locations, but diversity and abundance of both parameters differed in roots (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) from those of soils. AMF abundance in roots was dominated by <em>Claroideoglomus</em> and <em>Glomus</em>. The major bacterial familiy detected in soil samples was Chthoniobacteraceae, while Frankiaceae was present to a very low extent. Our results suggest that current microbial communities in the study area are homogeneous instead of being affected by the elimination of <em>P. tridentata</em>. However, our data reveals the current mycorrhizal communities associated with <em>P. tridentata</em> which can be used for restoration purposes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49634,"journal":{"name":"Rangeland Ecology & Management","volume":"98 ","pages":"Pages 18-27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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