Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine最新文献_第2页

Short- and longer-term growth and development of fat mass in preterm infants 早产儿脂肪量的短期和长期生长和发展。

IF 2.9 3区医学

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2025.101636

Shipra Jain , Belal N. Alshaikh , Seham Elmrayed , Tanis R. Fenton

{"title":"Short- and longer-term growth and development of fat mass in preterm infants","authors":"Shipra Jain , Belal N. Alshaikh , Seham Elmrayed , Tanis R. Fenton","doi":"10.1016/j.siny.2025.101636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.siny.2025.101636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Preterm infants typically experience faster growth rates than term-born infants, often doubling their weight in six to eight weeks. However, many face challenges leading to growth faltering and suboptimal neurodevelopment. To achieve optimal growth, these infants often require fortified breastmilk or high-nutrient formula. While meeting nutrition and growth targets are essential, concerns arise about rapid postnatal growth during their catch-up phase, particularly regarding increased body fat at term-corrected age, possibly increasing their risk for obesity and chronic health conditions later. However, evidence suggests that although preterm infants may have higher body fat at term-corrected age, this difference diminishes by three months corrected age, aligning more closely with term-born infants. Systematic reviews of more than 20,000 individuals observed that small for gestational age preterm infants do not have higher adiposity in childhood and adulthood; rather, they exhibit lower body mass indexes, waist circumferences, similar body and visceral fat and blood pressure compared to their appropriate for gestational age preterm-born peers. Therefore, it is reassuring that promoting early growth in preterm infants does not necessitate a trade-off when it comes to supporting long-term metabolic outcomes versus neurodevelopment. Healthcare providers should encourage a responsive feeding approach, even in preterm infants, guided by infants' physiological needs, hunger and satiety once they exhibit feeding cues. This approach respects the child's developmental needs and encourages healthy eating habits, fostering positive parent-child feeding relationships, and ultimately allowing the child to grow and develop to their full potential without compromising their long-term health outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49547,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine","volume":"30 2","pages":"Article 101636"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144081477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Amino acids and protein for preterm infants: How much and for what? 早产儿需要多少氨基酸和蛋白质？

IF 2.9 3区医学

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2025.101633

William W. Hay

{"title":"Amino acids and protein for preterm infants: How much and for what?","authors":"William W. Hay","doi":"10.1016/j.siny.2025.101633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.siny.2025.101633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Protein and amino acids derived from protein digestion in the gastrointestinal tract or from intravenous infusions are fundamental for normal metabolism, growth, and neurodevelopmental outcomes in the fetus and the preterm infant of the same gestational age. Many studies support that at least 3.0–3.5 g/kg/day of protein or amino acids are needed to achieve normal nitrogen/protein balance and growth rates and the large fractional increase of lean mass in later gestation, either in the fetus or the preterm infant; this relationship is direct and linear. Faster growth rates in earlier gestation require more amino acids and protein than the late preterm or term infant. Protein synthesis and accretion also require sufficient energy, but above ∼120 kcal/kg/day, energy is largely diverted to fat production but not lean mass growth. Optimal IV amino acid solutions remain to be developed, and mature maternal milk and donor human milk require protein supplements to achieve appropriate protein balance and growth. Additional supplements of growth factors might augment increased protein intakes and fortifiers. While excess amino acid and/or protein intakes do not promote growth or development and might even be harmful, providing less than the amounts required guarantees poorer outcomes and should be avoided.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49547,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine","volume":"30 2","pages":"Article 101633"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exclusive enteral nutrition in preterm infants: How early is too early? 早产儿独家肠内营养：多早算太早？

IF 2.9 3区医学

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2025.101631

Ariel A. Salas , Shalini Ojha

引用次数: 0

Parenteral nutrition for preterm infants: benefits and risks in 2025 早产儿肠外营养：2025年的益处和风险

IF 2.9 3区医学

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2025.101635

Nicholas D. Embleton , Chris H.P. van den Akker , Mark Johnson

引用次数: 0

The value of thromboelastography to neonatology 血栓弹性成像对新生儿科的价值。

IF 2.9 3区医学

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2025.101610

Francesca Manzoni , Ludovica Raymo , Vittoria Carolina Bronzoni , Andrea Tomaselli , Stefano Ghirardello , Monica Fumagalli , Giacomo Cavallaro , Genny Raffaeli

{"title":"The value of thromboelastography to neonatology","authors":"Francesca Manzoni , Ludovica Raymo , Vittoria Carolina Bronzoni , Andrea Tomaselli , Stefano Ghirardello , Monica Fumagalli , Giacomo Cavallaro , Genny Raffaeli","doi":"10.1016/j.siny.2025.101610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.siny.2025.101610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hemostatic derangements are common in critically ill and premature neonates. Nevertheless, hemostasis assessment in neonates is still challenging. The hemostatic system undergoes age-related physiological changes during its maturation and exhibits quantitative and qualitative differences between infants and adults. Conventional coagulation tests are mainly responsive to procoagulant factors, regardless of the contribution of cellular elements, anticoagulants and fibrinolytic contributors and, therefore, their role in predicting bleeding in neonatal acquired coagulopathy is somewhat limited. Viscoelastic coagulation tests offer a promising alternative, enabling a bedside and real-time assessment of the entire hemostatic process in short turn-around times with a limited amount of blood. These tests allow a targeted hemostatic monitoring and a tailored management of blood products and anticoagulation. The routine use of VCTs in the NICU remains limited, especially for premature infants, due to the lack of established normative ranges. In this review we will provide an overview of the main evidence related to the clinical application of viscoelastic monitoring in the neonatal setting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49547,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine","volume":"30 1","pages":"Article 101610"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Health and societal infant mortality burden of neonatal hemolytic disorders 新生儿溶血性疾病的健康和社会婴儿死亡率负担。

IF 2.9 3区医学

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2025.101620

Ramesh Vidavalur , Vinod K. Bhutani

{"title":"Health and societal infant mortality burden of neonatal hemolytic disorders","authors":"Ramesh Vidavalur , Vinod K. Bhutani","doi":"10.1016/j.siny.2025.101620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.siny.2025.101620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hemolytic disorders in neonates, once exceedingly common causes of infant mortality, have become increasingly rare and now largely non-fatal. Global advancements in neonatal care and deeper understanding of the mechanisms of neonatal hemolysis have significantly improved survival outcomes, particularly among those in high-income countries. However, regional disparities persist due to non-equitable healthcare access. Their long-lasting health consequences have been attributed to social, demographic factors that are most likely amenable to healthcare governance. In this review, we focus our attention to neonatal hemolytic disorders to i) analyze data resourced from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 report; ii) study the trends in infant mortality rates (IMR) as related to hemolytic disorders including its severe complication, extreme hyperbilirubinemia (EHB-IMR); iii) evaluate geospatial disparities among GBD super regions; and iv) examine these trends in relation to the socio-demographic index (SDI) of the countries that comprise the “super-regions”. From 1991 to 2021, global EHB-related IMR has declined significantly, from 73 to 25 per 100,000 live births. By 2021, EHB and kernicterus accounted for only 0.7 % of all under-five deaths. High-income countries have dramatically minimized hemolytic disease fatalities, but matched progress eludes regions like South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. The inverse relationship between SDI and EHB-IMR highlight these national disparities to manifest as slower decline in IMR. In order to achieve equitable healthcare access for all regions, an improved understanding of the societal risk factors would guide re-engineering solutions that are also empowered by audited resource utilization to evaluate remedial governance policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49547,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine","volume":"30 1","pages":"Article 101620"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A practical review of iron deficiency in pregnancy 妊娠期缺铁的实际回顾。

IF 2.9 3区医学

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2025.101611

Kimberly A. Moyle

引用次数: 0

Should granulocyte transfusion therapy for septic neutropenic neonates be resurrected? 粒细胞输注治疗感染性中性粒细胞减少新生儿是否应该恢复？

IF 2.9 3区医学

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2025.101616

Shelley M. Lawrence

{"title":"Should granulocyte transfusion therapy for septic neutropenic neonates be resurrected?","authors":"Shelley M. Lawrence","doi":"10.1016/j.siny.2025.101616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.siny.2025.101616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nearly half a century ago, granulocyte transfusions were trialed in critically ill, septic, neutropenic neonates and showed improved survival when used concurrently with antimicrobials. Benefits were particularly noteworthy for Gram-negative and fungal infections. The introduction of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor into clinical medicine in 1991 and inherent problems associated with granulocyte procurement for transfusion caused granulocyte transfusions to become nearly extinct for this patient population. Simultaneous technological and clinical management advancements have enabled the survival of younger neonates, who are at the highest risk for neutropenia and neonatal sepsis. These infants have well-documented developmental deficiencies in the number and functional capabilities of their neutrophils compared to older patients. A continued surge in antimicrobial resistance and an increasing number of Gram-negative infections have created an urgent need for clinicians to rethink old therapies and consider new ones. This review details the evolution of granulocyte transfusions and whether they should be resurrected in neonatal patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49547,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine","volume":"30 1","pages":"Article 101616"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prenatal diagnosis and treatment of congenital anemias 先天性贫血的产前诊断与治疗。

IF 2.9 3区医学

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2025.101613

Yair J. Blumenfeld

引用次数: 0

A practical guide to reducing/eliminating red blood cell transfusions in the neonatal intensive care unit 新生儿重症监护室减少/消除输注红细胞的实用指南。

IF 2.9 3区医学

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2024.101545

Robin K. Ohls , Timothy M. Bahr , Thomas G. Peterson , Robert D. Christensen

{"title":"A practical guide to reducing/eliminating red blood cell transfusions in the neonatal intensive care unit","authors":"Robin K. Ohls , Timothy M. Bahr , Thomas G. Peterson , Robert D. Christensen","doi":"10.1016/j.siny.2024.101545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.siny.2024.101545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Red blood cell transfusions can be lifesaving for neonates with severe anemia or acute massive hemorrhage. However, it is imperative to understand that red cell transfusions convey unique and significant risks for neonates. The extremely rare risks of transmitting a viral, bacterial, or other microbial infection, or causing circulatory overload are well known and are part of blood transfusion informed consent. Less well known, and not always part of the consent process, are more common risks of transfusing the smallest and most immature NICU patients; specifically, multiple transfusions may worsen inflammatory conditions (particularly pulmonary inflammation), and in certain subsets are associated with retinopathy of prematurity and neurodevelopmental delay. Instituting non-pharmacological transfusion-avoidance techniques reduces transfusion rates. Pharmacological transfusion-avoidance, specifically erythropoietic stimulating agents, further reduces the risk of needing a transfusion. The protocols described herein constitute an efficient and cost-effective transfusion-avoidance program. Using these protocols, many NICU patients can remain transfusion-free.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49547,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine","volume":"30 1","pages":"Article 101545"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0