Silva Fennica最新文献_第3页

Reuse of field data in ALS-assisted forest inventory 在als协助的森林清查中重新使用实地数据

IF 1.8 3区农林科学

Silva Fennica Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14214/sf.10272

Ana de Lera Garrido, T. Gobakken, H. Ørka, E. Næsset, O. Bollandsås

{"title":"Reuse of field data in ALS-assisted forest inventory","authors":"Ana de Lera Garrido, T. Gobakken, H. Ørka, E. Næsset, O. Bollandsås","doi":"10.14214/sf.10272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.10272","url":null,"abstract":"Forest inventories assisted by wall-to-wall airborne laser scanning (ALS), have become common practice in many countries. One major cost component in these inventories is the measurement of field sample plots used for constructing models relating biophysical forest attributes to metrics derived from ALS data. In areas where ALS-assisted forest inventories are planned, and in which the previous inventories were performed with the same method, reusing previously acquired field data can potentially reduce costs, either by (1) temporally transferring previously constructed models or (2) projecting field reference data using growth models that can serve as field reference data for model construction with up-to-date ALS data. In this study, we analyzed these two approaches of reusing field data acquired 15 years prior to the current ALS acquisition to estimate six up-to-date forest attributes (dominant tree height, mean tree height, stem number, stand basal area, volume, and aboveground biomass). Both approaches were evaluated within small stands with sizes of approximately 0.37 ha, assessing differences between estimates and ground reference values. The estimates were also compared to results from an up-to-date forest inventory relying on concurrent fieldand ALS data. The results showed that even though the reuse of historical information has some potential and could be beneficial for forest inventories, systematic errors may appear prominent and need to be overcome to use it operationally. Our study showed systematic trends towards the overestimation of lower-range ground references and underestimation of the upper-range ground references.","PeriodicalId":49520,"journal":{"name":"Silva Fennica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66768046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Resistance of Scots pine half-sib families to Heterobasidion annosum in progeny field trials 苏格兰松半兄弟家系子代田间试验对黑斑异白虱的抗性

IF 1.8 3区农林科学

Silva Fennica Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14214/sf.10276

Adas Marčiulynas, V. Sirgedaitė-Šėžienė, Povilas Žemaitis, Ā. Jansons, V. Baliuckas

{"title":"Resistance of Scots pine half-sib families to Heterobasidion annosum in progeny field trials","authors":"Adas Marčiulynas, V. Sirgedaitė-Šėžienė, Povilas Žemaitis, Ā. Jansons, V. Baliuckas","doi":"10.14214/sf.10276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.10276","url":null,"abstract":"Five Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) progeny field trials, each established in different Lithuanian regions of provenance in 1983, were studied. Each progeny field trial consists of 140 half-sib families from seven populations (20 families from each population). The evaluation was carried out in 2012 and 2018 to assess the families resistance to Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. An index of resistance in the infected plots was calculated. To verify the accuracy of the method, total phenolic compounds (TPC) was chosen as key parameter to compare with the plant resistance index. During the six years between the two assessments, the percentage of living Scots pine trees in the progeny field trials decreased up to 20 percentage points (range: 4 p.p. to 20 p.p.). In 2018 the area of H. annosum damaged plots (in percentage from total field trial area) varied from 17 to 27%. Tree mortality in the trial correlates with site soil fertility – more fertile soils were distinguished by higher tree percentage loss and vice versa. Using analysis from combined data of all progeny trials, the family variance component reached 13.3 ± 2.2% and family heritability was 0.81. Family heritability estimates for root rot resistance show possibilities of high breeding effectiveness. The correlations between the trials in family resistance estimates were negligible (ranging from 0 to 0.28). The significant high correlation coefficient was determined between the resistance index and TPC concentration (r = 0.77, p = 0.0003). This allows us to assume that plant resistance is directly linked on TPC synthesis. The results indicate that the chosen methods of chemical resistance for identification of root rot-resistant genotypes are applicable for the selection of Scots pine half-sib families in the field trials with higher resistance to pathogens.","PeriodicalId":49520,"journal":{"name":"Silva Fennica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66768095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Proximity to charred logs in burned forests likely affects decomposition processes in the soil 在被烧毁的森林中，接近烧焦的原木可能会影响土壤的分解过程

IF 1.8 3区农林科学

Silva Fennica Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14214/sf.10084

Mihails Čugunovs, E. Tuittila, J. Kouki

{"title":"Proximity to charred logs in burned forests likely affects decomposition processes in the soil","authors":"Mihails Čugunovs, E. Tuittila, J. Kouki","doi":"10.14214/sf.10084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.10084","url":null,"abstract":"We studied the spatial decomposition rates of standardised organic substrates in soils (burned boreal pine-dominated sub-xeric forests in eastern Finland), with respect to charred and noncharred coarse woody debris (CWD). Decomposition rates of rooibos plant litter inside teabags (C:N = 42.870 ± 1.841) and pressed-sheet Nordic hardwood pulp (consisting of mainly alphacellulose) were measured at 0.2 m distance from 20 charred (LC0.2) and 40 non-charred logs (LNC0.2). We also measured decomposition at 60 plots located 3–10 m away from downed logs (L3,10). The rooibos decomposition rate constant ‘k’ was 8.4% greater at the LNC0.2 logs than at the L3,10 or LC0.2 logs. Cellulose decomposed more completely in 1 micron mesh bags at LNC0.2 (44% of buried bags had leftover material) than at LC0.2 (76%) or L3,10 (70%). Decomposition of cellulose material was rapid but varied greatly between sampling plots. Our results indicate that decomposition of the standardised organic matter was more rapid close to CWD pieces than further away. However, only the plots located near non-charred logs (LNC0.2) exhibited high decomposition rates, with no corresponding increase observed at the charred logs (LC0.2). This suggests a possible noteworthy indirect effect of forest burning on soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition rates close to charred CWD after forest fires. We urge for more studies on this tentative observation as it may affect the estimates on how fires affect carbon cycling in forests.","PeriodicalId":49520,"journal":{"name":"Silva Fennica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66767285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of slope, aspect and competition index on the height-diameter relationship of Cyclobalanopsis glauca trees for improving prediction of height in mixed forests 坡向、坡向和竞争指数对青冈树高径关系的影响，以提高混交林高度预测

IF 1.8 3区农林科学

Silva Fennica Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14214/sf.10242

Shisheng Long, Siqi Zeng, Falin Liu, Guangxing Wang

{"title":"Influence of slope, aspect and competition index on the height-diameter relationship of Cyclobalanopsis glauca trees for improving prediction of height in mixed forests","authors":"Shisheng Long, Siqi Zeng, Falin Liu, Guangxing Wang","doi":"10.14214/sf.10242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.10242","url":null,"abstract":"Diameter at breast height (DBH) and height (H) of trees are two important variables used in forest management plans. However, collecting the measurements of H is time-consuming and costly. Instead, the H-DBH relationship is modeled and used to estimate H. But, ignoring the effects of slope, aspect and tree competition on the H-DBH relationship often impedes the improvement of H predictions. In this study, to improve predictions of Cyclobalanopsis glauca (Thunb.) Oerst. tree H in mixed forests, we compared eleven H-DBH models and examined the influence of slope and aspect on the H-DBH relationship using 426 trees. We then improved Hegyi competition index and explored its effect on the H predictions by including it in the selected models. Results showed 1) There were statistically significant effects of slope and aspect on the H-DBH relationship; 2) The log transformation and exponential model performed best for sunnyand shady-steep, respectively, and the Gompertz’s model was optimal for both sunnyand shady-gentle; 3) Compared with the whole dataset, the division of the data into the slope and aspect sub-datasets significantly reduced the RMSE of H predictions; 4) Compared with the selected models without competition index, adding the original Hegyi and improved Hegyi_I into the models improved the H predictions but only the models containing the improved Hegyi_I significantly increased the prediction accuracy at the significant level of 0.1. This study implied that modeling the H-DBH relationship under different slopes and aspects and including the improved Hegyi_I provided the great potential to improve the H predictions.","PeriodicalId":49520,"journal":{"name":"Silva Fennica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66767745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Low cost prediction of time consumption for pre-commercial thinning in Finland 芬兰商业化前减薄时间的低成本预测

IF 1.8 3区农林科学

Silva Fennica Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14214/sf.10196

Karri Uotila, J. Miina, T. Saksa, R. Store, Kauko Kärkkäinen, M. Härkönen

{"title":"Low cost prediction of time consumption for pre-commercial thinning in Finland","authors":"Karri Uotila, J. Miina, T. Saksa, R. Store, Kauko Kärkkäinen, M. Härkönen","doi":"10.14214/sf.10196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.10196","url":null,"abstract":"The time consumption (TC) of pre-commercial thinning (PCT) varies greatly among sites, stands and forest workers. The TC in PCT is usually estimated by field-assessed work difficulty factors. In this study, a linear mixed model for the TC in PCT was prepared by utilizing forest resources data (FRD). The modelling data included 11â848 and validation data included 3035 worksites with TC information recorded by forest workers within the period of 2008â2018. The worksites represented a range of site and stand conditions across a broad geographical area in Finland. Site and stand characteristics and previous management logically explained the TC in PCT. The more fertile the site, the more working time was needed in PCT. On sites of medium fertility, TC in the initial PCT increased with stand age by 0.5 h ha yr. Site wetness increased the TC. PCT in summer was more time consuming than in spring. Small areas were more time consuming to PCT per hectare than larger ones. The between-forest worker variation involved in the TC was as high as 35% of the variation unexplained by the TC model. The coefficient of determination in validation data was 19.3%, RMSE 4.75 h ha and bias â1.6%. The TC model based on FRD was slightly less precise than the one based on field-assessed work difficulty factors (removal quantity and type and terrain difficulty): RMSE 4.9 h ha vs. 4.1 h ha (52% vs. 43%). The TC model could be connected to forest information systems where it would facilitate the predictions of the labour costs of PCT without field-assessing work difficulty factors.â1â1â1â1â1","PeriodicalId":49520,"journal":{"name":"Silva Fennica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66767495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

An original method for tree species classification using multitemporal multispectral and hyperspectral satellite data 基于多时相多光谱和高光谱卫星数据的树种分类新方法

IF 1.8 3区农林科学

Silva Fennica Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14214/sf.10143

O. Grigorieva, O. Brovkina, A. Saidov

{"title":"An original method for tree species classification using multitemporal multispectral and hyperspectral satellite data","authors":"O. Grigorieva, O. Brovkina, A. Saidov","doi":"10.14214/sf.10143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.10143","url":null,"abstract":"This study proposes an original method for tree species classification by satellite remote sensing. The method uses multitemporal multispectral (Landsat OLI) and hyperspectral (Resurs-P) data acquired from determined vegetation periods. The method is based on an original database of spectral features taking into account seasonal variations of tree species spectra. Changes in the spectral signatures of forest classes are analyzed and new spectral–temporal features are created for the classification. Study sites are located in the Czech Republic and northwest (NW) Russia. The differences in spectral reflectance between tree species are shown as statistically significant in the sub-seasons of spring, first half of summer, and main autumn for both study sites. Most of the errors are related to the classification of deciduous species and misclassification of birch as pine (NW Russia site), pine as mixture of pine and spruce, and pine as mixture of spruce and beech (Czech site). Forest species are mapped with accuracy as high as 80% (NW Russia site) and 81% (Czech site). The classification using multitemporal multispectral data has a kappa coefficient 1.7 times higher than does that of classification using a single multispectral image and 1.3 times greater than that of the classification using single hyperspectral images. Potentially, classification accuracy can be improved by the method when applying multitemporal satellite hyperspectral data, such as in using new, near-future products EnMap and/or HyspIRI with high revisit time.","PeriodicalId":49520,"journal":{"name":"Silva Fennica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66767560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Comparison of granulated and loose ash in fertilisation of Scots pine on peatland 泥炭地苏格兰松颗粒灰与松散灰施肥的比较

IF 1.8 3区农林科学

Silva Fennica Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14214/sf.10259

J. Hytönen, H. Hökkä

{"title":"Comparison of granulated and loose ash in fertilisation of Scots pine on peatland","authors":"J. Hytönen, H. Hökkä","doi":"10.14214/sf.10259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.10259","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of wood ash fertilisation on tree nutrition and growth on forested peatlands has been studied using loose ash, but in practice, ash fertilisation is done almost exclusively with granulated ash. In this study, the effects of granulated ash and loose ash (both 5 Mg ha–1) on the growth and nutrition of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands were compared between a nitrogen-poor and a nitrogen-rich site over 15 years. On the nitrogen-rich site, wood ash application was also compared with commercial PK fertilisation. On the nitrogen-rich site, mean stand volume growth increase over unfertilised control treatment during the 15 year study period using granulated ash and commercial PK fertiliser was of the same magnitude (on average, 2.2–2.3 m3 ha–1 a–1). However, when loose ash was used growth increase over control was higher (3.7 m3 ha–1 a–1). On the nitrogenpoor site, the mean growth increase gained by loose or granulated ash (1.4–1.5 m3 ha–1 a–1) over the unfertilised control treatment was not significant. Fertilisation with loose ash or PK increased foliar P, K and B concentrations already in the first or second growing season, following fertilisation on both sites. Granulated ash increased foliar P concentrations on the nitrogen-rich site less than loose ash. After an initial increase, foliar P, K and B concentrations decreased at the end of study period. On the nitrogen-poor site, foliar P concentrations were below the deficiency limit by the end of the study period.","PeriodicalId":49520,"journal":{"name":"Silva Fennica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66767875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Characterization of morphometric, reproductive and seedling traits of Parkia timoriana in northeast India 印度东北部柽柳的形态、生殖和苗期性状研究

IF 1.8 3区农林科学

Silva Fennica Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14214/sf.10163

Uttam Thangjam, U. Sahoo, Pentile Thong

{"title":"Characterization of morphometric, reproductive and seedling traits of Parkia timoriana in northeast India","authors":"Uttam Thangjam, U. Sahoo, Pentile Thong","doi":"10.14214/sf.10163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.10163","url":null,"abstract":"We studied variations on different traits of (D.C.) Merr. in twelve provenances systematically from their source of origin to a controlled environment where representative seedlings were grown. Among the provenances, P1 gave the best result for seed traits including germination traits, P7 for pod traits and P10 for seedling vigour. Effects of seasonal distribution of rainfall and temperature on seed and pod traits were also determined by computing multiple regression analysis. The results displayed winter rainfall and summer temperature as the most important factor determining pod and seed traits. Latitude also significantly (Pâ<â0.001) affected PWT (râ=â0.52), SWP (râ=â0.46) and SW (râ=â0.50). A common garden study for germination and seedling growth indicated P1 and P10 provenance as the best among all. Seeds drawn from P10 gave the highest seedling vigour with an average growth rate of 0.61 cm/day from 90th to 180th day. Highest broad-sense heritability values (h) were observed in germination traits, followed by seedling collar diameter. The lowest h was observed for seedling height.Parkia timoriana22","PeriodicalId":49520,"journal":{"name":"Silva Fennica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66767249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Forest research and the needs of our stakeholders 森林研究和利益相关者的需求

IF 1.8 3区农林科学

Silva Fennica Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14214/sf.10329

L. Eliasson

引用次数: 0

Genetic parameters of growth and quality traits in open-pollinated silver birch progeny tests 开放授粉白桦子代生长和品质性状的遗传参数试验

IF 1.8 3区农林科学

Silva Fennica Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14214/sf.10220

A. Gailis, P. Zeltiņš, Andis Purviņš, Juris Augustovs, Valts Vīndedzis, I. Zariņa, Ā. Jansons

{"title":"Genetic parameters of growth and quality traits in open-pollinated silver birch progeny tests","authors":"A. Gailis, P. Zeltiņš, Andis Purviņš, Juris Augustovs, Valts Vīndedzis, I. Zariņa, Ā. Jansons","doi":"10.14214/sf.10220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.10220","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic parameters of growth and stem quality traits were estimated for open-pollinated silver birch Betula pendula Roth progenies in Latvia at the age of 10 and 14 years. Tree height and stem volume were found to be under strong genetic control at both inventories (narrow-sense heritabilities varied from 0.41 to 0.66). Mainly low heritabilities were found for stem defects, yet genetic control of branch diameter, stem straightness and overall stem quality varied from low to high depending on study site. High additive genetic coefficient of variation was found for stem volume (25.3–32.5%). Genetic correlations among growth traits were strong and positive (0.90–0.99). Mainly weak genetic correlations between growth and quality traits implied simultaneous improvement. Still, strong negative correlations between branch angle and stem straightness might result in enlarged knot size for straighter logs. The genetic age-age correlations were strong. Weak genotype by environment interaction and stability of best genotypes over different sites was indicated by strong genetic correlations between trials. Each growth or quality trait alone showed substantial improvement in terms of estimated genetic gain (up to 62% over trial mean for stem volume). Therefore, selection index combining both growth and stem quality may be developed.","PeriodicalId":49520,"journal":{"name":"Silva Fennica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66767676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6