Sumarski List最新文献

{"title":"A GIS based landslide susceptibility mapping using machine learning and alternative forest road routes assessment in protection forests","authors":"Ender Buğday","doi":"10.31298/sl.146.3-4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.146.3-4.4","url":null,"abstract":"Forestry activities should be carried out within the purview of sustainable forestry while reaping the benefits of forestry. Accordingly, the construction of forest roads through forests should be carefully planned, especially in protection forests. Forest areas in Turkey are generally widespread in mountainous and high sloping areas that are susceptible to landslides-landslide susceptibility is one of the most important criteria for the selection of protected forests. As such, it is important to evaluate detailed and applicable alternatives regarding special areas and private forests. The aim of this study is to determine alternative routes for forest roads in protected forests through the use of geographic information systems (GIS), particularly in areas with high landslide susceptibility. To this end, a landslide susceptibility map (LSM) was created using logistic regression (LR) and random forest (RF) \u0000modeling methods, which are widely used in machine learning (ML). Two models with the highest receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and area under curve (AUC) values were selected, and ten factors (slope, elevation, lithology, distance to road, distance to fault, distance to river, curvature, stream power index, topographic position index, and topographic wetness index) were used. The best LSM modeling method was AUC. The AUC value was 90.6% with the RF approach and 80.3% with the LR approach. The generated LSMs were used to determine alternative routes that were calculated through cost path analysis. It is hoped that the susceptibility to landslides and selection of alternative forest road routes determined through the approaches and techniques in this study will benefit forest road planning as well as plan and decision makers.","PeriodicalId":49464,"journal":{"name":"Sumarski List","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47299081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of some phenolic substances in six different populations of turkish hazel (Corylus colurna L.) leaves and comparison of phenolic fluctuation with water deficiency","authors":"M. Arslan, Erva Ozkan, Arzu Birinci Yildirim, İ. Taş, Arzu Ucar Turker","doi":"10.31298/sl.146.3-4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.146.3-4.3","url":null,"abstract":"Turkish hazel (Corylus colurna L.) is one of the naturally grown hazelnut species in Turkey. It can be easily separated from other hazel species with its thick single stem and tall appearance. It can be used in afforestation and erosion control studies due to low demand for habitat and strong root system. It contains substances with high medicinal value in its fruits and leaves. Hazel leaves have strong antioxidant activity due to their high phenolic content. Objective of the study was primarily to determine the individual phenolic constituents of six different population of Turkish Hazelnut and then to evaluate the effect of water deficiency stress generated by irrigation regime on phenolic constituents and photosystem II activity on these genotypes. Grafted plants were produced by taking scions from six different populations of Turkish Hazelnut (Oğuzlar, Erenler, Merkeşler, Seben, Güney Felakettin and Pelitcik). The study was started when the grafted seedlings were 7 years old in greenhouse. During the experiment (June and July), two different levels of irrigation were applied (W1: the soil was fully irrigated to reach field capacity in each irrigation; W2: 50% reduction of W1 irrigation water). After the application of two different irrigation regimes, leaves were collected for each month, dried, extracted with methanol and then quantitatively analyzed and compared for individual phenolic constituents (gallic acid monohydrate, caffeic acid, rutin hydrate, luteolin-7-O-β-D glucoside, kaempferol, rosmarinic acid, myricetin, quercetin, coumarin and apigenin) by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with a diode array detector (DAD). Generally, rutin, kaempferol and luteolin were dominant individual phenols in methanol extracts of Turkish hazelnut leaves. Pelitcik population was noticeable source of rutin and kaempferol in June, and the halved irrigation regime significantly increased the levels of both phenols in July. Similarly, the highest total phenolic content was observed in the Pelitcik population in June and the halved irrigation regime significantly increased the total phenolic content in both months in this population. It was also determined to what extent water deficiency physiologically\u0000affects the quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm) of photosystem II activity through chlorophyll fluorescence technique in hazelnut leaves. Generally, Fv/Fm value decreased with water deficiency. This study showed that water deficiency stress generally caused an increase in phenolic constituents in Turkish Hazel leaves and they may be proper natural sources of phenolic constituents with abiotic stress applications in pharmaceutical and food industry.","PeriodicalId":49464,"journal":{"name":"Sumarski List","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47719847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dates of arrival of the Eurasian golden oriole (Oriolus oriolus L.) in decidious forest in relation to increase of local air temperature in NW Croatia","authors":"Z. Dolenec","doi":"10.31298/sl.146.3-4.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.146.3-4.5","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous regions worldwide are affected by Earth climate warming. Most studies of bird phenology in relation to global and regional climate change have focused on trends in arrival dates and breeding dates. The study investigates the results of phenological spring migration research on Eurasian Golden Oriole during a period of 26 years (1991–2016) in relation to average spring air temperatures (April–May) and year in deciduous forests (northwestern Croatia). Data is available for spring arrivals detected by the first song. Arrival date advanced significantly during the research period. According to the linear regression slopes, models suggested that in Eurasian Golden Oriole arrival date has advanced 6 days in period 1991–2016. Furthermore, average spring air temperatures (April–May) increased significantly during the study period. Furthermore, date of arrival was significantly negative correlated with average spring temperatures. My results provide evidence that warms spring has impacted spring migration arrival dates of Eurasian golden oriole of the deciduous forests in northwestern Croatia.","PeriodicalId":49464,"journal":{"name":"Sumarski List","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69357053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Razvoj sastojina hrasta crnike (Quercus ilex L.) na trajnim pokusnim plohama Nacionalnog parka Brijuni","authors":"Željko Španjol, Nikola Vrh, Martina Kičić, Sanja Končar, Boris Dorbić","doi":"10.31298/sl.146.1-2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.146.1-2.7","url":null,"abstract":"Područje Brijunskog arhipelaga, zahvaljujući geomorfološko-hidrološkim, klimatskim, prirodnim i antropogenim utjecajima, tvori jedno od malobrojnih očuvanih jadranskih prirodnih, kulturnih i krajobraznih vrijednosti. Na području Velog Brijuna na relativno maloj površini izmjenjuju se elementi više šumskih stanišnih tipova. Antropogeni čimbenik je utjecao na nestanak dijelova šuma sječom i gradnjom infrastrukture. Drugi čimbenik je prekobrojno stanje divljači na otoku. Iz tih razloga formirane su dvije trajne pokusne plohe za praćenje ekosustava na Velikom Brijunu: jedna u ograđenom prostoru rezidencijalnog parka Bijele vile (br. 57) i druga u slobodnom prostoru u predjelu Mrtvi vrh (br. 56).\u0000Istraživanje na kojemu se temelji ovaj rad provedeno je u svibnju 2017. godine na obje trajne pokusne plohe, u sklopu čega su analizirana vegetacijsko-ekološka i strukturna obilježja tih sastojina. Dobiveni rezultati uspoređeni su s posljednjom cjelovitom izmjerom istih ploha iz 1988. godine. Na temelju obrađenih podataka utvrđene su velike razlike između mjerenih površina. Floristička slika dalje produbljuje razlike između ova dva lokaliteta. Na trajnoj pokusnoj plohi 56 gotovo uopće nema sloja grmlja, dok su na pokusnoj plohi 57 isti izrazito razvijeni. Nadalje, osim flornog osiromašenja na TPP 56 treba napomenuti i nemogućnost prirodnog pomlađivanja sastojine, dok je na TPP 57 evidentiran gust ponik i pomladak. S obzirom na mjerene elemente strukture sastojine 1988. i 2017. godine, sastojina na TPP 57 prirodno se razvija i raste dok je sastojina na TPP 56 zbog velikog utjecaja divljači u fazi regresije i degradacije.\u0000Ponajprije je potrebno na dijelu otoka smanjiti broj alohtone divljači i svesti njezin broj na održivost staništa. Površinu TPP 57 i okolno područje zaštititi kao posebni rezervat šumske vegetacije i provoditi mjere u okviru te kategorije zaštite.","PeriodicalId":49464,"journal":{"name":"Sumarski List","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69357045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Povezanost obilježja privatnih šumoposjednika s razinom njihove aktivnosti u okrupnjavanju šumoposjeda","authors":"M. Andabaka, Krunoslav Teslak, Mario Božić, Ernest Goršić, Mislav Vedriš","doi":"10.31298/sl.146.1-2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.146.1-2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Većina privatnih šumoposjednika u Hrvatskoj ima šumoposjed manji od 1 ha, što predstavlja značajan ograničavajući čimbenik u gospodarenju šumama. Cilj ovoga rada je ispitati povezanost sociodemografskih značajki šumoposjednika i obilježja šumoposjeda s razinom zainteresiranosti šumoposjednika za kupnju, zamjenu ili prodaju čestica pod šumom, u svrhu okrupnjavanja i povećanja suvislosti posjeda. Neposrednim anketiranjem ispitano je 500 šumoposjednika na području kontinentalne Hrvatske. Za dobivene podatke napravljena je statistička deskriptivna obrada, te izračunate mjere korelacije i testiranje razlika pojedinih kategorija. Rezultati ukazuju na jasnu povezanost sociodemografski, regionalnih i drugih obilježja šumoposjednika s razinom zainteresiranosti za okrupnjavanje šumoposjeda. Tipičan šumoposjednik zainteresiran za povećanje šumoposjeda je muškarac mlađi od 50 godina, sa završenom srednjom školom ili fakultetom, iz središnje Hrvatske koji je svoj posjed stekao kupnjom i već je aktivan bilo u udrugama šumoposjednika, bilo da koristi savjetodavne usluge Ministarstva poljoprivrede. Premali udio šumoposjednika zainteresiranih za prodaju šumoposjeda (18,9%) onemogućava daljnje okrupnjavanje. Prema tomu, mjere regulatora treba usmjeriti na proces nasljeđivanja, oprezivanje negospodarenja šumoposjedom i daljnje subvencioniranje aktivnog i disperziranog gospodarenja šumama (biomasa, nedrvni šumski proizvodi, općekorisne funkcije šuma, naknade za pohranu ugljika, naknade za ciljane vrste).","PeriodicalId":49464,"journal":{"name":"Sumarski List","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69356981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prosudba truleži stabala hrasta kitnjaka zvučnim tomografom","authors":"Tomislav Škarica, D. Drvodelić, Milan Oršanić, Vinko Paulić","doi":"10.31298/sl.146.1-2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.146.1-2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Urbana stabla i šume doprinose kvaliteti života stanovnika urbanog područja i pružaju brojne koristi. Međutim, stabla u urbanim područjima su izložena različitim abiotskim i biotskim poremećajima koji utječu na njihov razvoj. Gljive truležnice se ističu kao bitan uzročnik pojave loma stabla. Dijagnostički instrumenti koji mjere određena svojstva drva se koriste u arborikulturi kao dopuna vizualnoj prosudbi urbanih stabala. Zvučni tomograf je uređaj koji mjeri brzinu prolaska zvučnih valova kroz drvo u radijalnom i tangentnom smjeru kako bi se prosudile unutarnje greške drva. Cilj istraživanja je bio odrediti veličinu i položaj zdravog i trulog drva te odrediti točnost zvučnog tomografa kod deset stabala hrasta kitnjaka u Parku Maksimir u Zagrebu. Usporedili smo rezultate grafičkih prikaza zvučnog tomografa (tomograme) sa fotografijama presjeka panjeva stabala koja su posječena radi potvrde truleži drva. Trulež drva je bila vidljiva na osam od deset istraživanih stabala koji su imali simptome truleži pri vizualnom pregledu. Trulež drva je potvrđena kod sedam stabala na panjevima nakon sječe. Kod tri stabla zabilježen je početni stadij truleži drva, dok su četiri stabla imala aktivnu trulež drva i pojavu šupljina. Oblik tomograma odgovarao je fotografijama presjeka panjeva kod osam stabala, a pozicija trulog drva je odgovarala fotografijama presjeka panjeva kod devet stabala. Područje trulog drva različitih kategorija je bilo točno prepoznato na tomogramima za šest od deset istraživanih stabala. Zvučni tomograf je podcijenio površinu zdravog drva, precijenio površnu drva u početnim stadijima truleži i točno predstavio područja s aktivnom truleži drva i šupljinama.","PeriodicalId":49464,"journal":{"name":"Sumarski List","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69356988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analiza učinkovitosti feromona Trypowit za ulov potkornjaka Trypodendron lineatum u Bosni i Hercegovini","authors":"Osman Mujezinović, Mirza Dautbašić, S. Ivojević, Mevaida Mešan, Kenan Zahirović","doi":"10.31298/sl.146.1-2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.146.1-2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Provedenim istraživanjem analiziran je ulov crnogoričnog ljestvičara Trypodendron lineatum na području srednje Bosne. Prikupljanje podataka o brojnosti insekata vršeno je u mješovitim šumama bukve i jele (sa smrekom), sekundarnim šumama jele i smreke i šumskim kulturama četinjača u kojima je dominantna smreka. Istraživanje je provedeno tijekom 2020. godine, a korišteno je 20 naletno barijernih feromonskih klopki tipa Teysohn® za testiranje učinkovitosti feromonskog atraktanta Trypowit. Prosječan ulov potkornjaka T. lineatum za I brojanje je najveći u šumskim kulturama četinjača u kojima je dominantna smreka (792.00 jedinki), za II i III brojanje u mješovitim šumama bukve i jele (sa smrekom) (1444.44 jedinki i 1033.33 jedinki). Utvrđeno je postojanje statistički značajnih razlika u ulovu potkornjaka T. lineatum tijekom III brojanje u zavisnosti od tipa šuma u kojima se nalazila smreka. Naime značajno veći ulov insekata zabilježen je u klopkama postavljenim u mješovitim šumama bukve i jele (sa smrekom) a iste su bile u blizini stovarišta, kao i mjestima s prisutnim drugim drvnim ostacima u odnosu na klopke koje su se nalazile u drugim tipovima šuma.","PeriodicalId":49464,"journal":{"name":"Sumarski List","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69357039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Struktura nadzemne biomase divlje trešnje (Prunus avium L.) u nizinskim šumama Hrvatske","authors":"Željko Zečić, Davor Benić, Branko Ursić, Dinko Vusić, Andreja Đuka","doi":"10.31298/sl.146.1-2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.146.1-2.3","url":null,"abstract":"U radu su prikazane sastavnice strukture ukupne nadzemne biomase stabala divlje trešnje (Prunus avium L.) na području spačvanskog bazena u Upravi šuma Podružnica Vinkovci. Istraživanja su obavljena na 120 primjernih stabala divlje trešnje, prsnih promjera od 10 do 72 cm i visine od 10,8 do 34,4 m. Drvni sortimenti izrađeni su prema Hrvatskim normama proizvoda iskorištavanja šuma iz 1995. godine.\u0000Sortimentna struktura primjernih stabala divlje trešnje pokazuje znatna odstupanja u odnosu na tablice sortimentne strukture za voćkarice koje koristi trgovačko društvo „Hrvatske šume“ d.o.o. Zagreb. Udio trupaca za furnir kreće se od 9,29 % u debljinskom stupnju 37,5 cm do najviše 19,50 % u debljinskom stupnju 67,5 cm. Pilanski trupci prvog razreda kakvoće kreću se u rasponu od 12,04 % (72,5 cm) do 19,89 % (32,5 cm), a drugog razreda kakvoće od 17,30 % (62,5 cm) do 26,89 % (32,5 cm). Drvni sortiment tanke oblovine zastupljen je u debljinskom stupnju 17,5 cm sa 17,44 % te u debljinskom stupnju 22,5 cm sa 15,90 %, dok je u višim debljinskim stupnjevima značajno manje zastupljen. Udio prostornog drva je najveći u prvom debljinskom stupnju 88,76 % (12,5 cm) te u sljedeća dva sa 67,44 % i 47,71 %, a najmanji je u debljinskom stupnju 67,5 cm sa 27,01 %. Prosječni udio prostornoga drva iznosi 42,09 %. Otpad se u ukupnoj strukturi krupnog drva kreće od 11,24 % (12,5 cm) do 19,12 % (27,5 cm), a prosječno iznosi 16,47 %. Dvostruka debljina kore kreće se u rasponu od 0,53 cm do 3,37 cm, odnosno prosječno 1,66 ± 0,57 cm, a postotni udio kore kreće se od 4,77 % do 16,46 %, sa srednjom vrijednošću od 9,02 ± 2,01 %. \u0000Utvrđeni su i parametri Schumacher-Hallove jednadžbe, gustoća drva, udio vode, obujam granjevine (promjera <7 cm) te struktura ukupne nadzemne biomase.","PeriodicalId":49464,"journal":{"name":"Sumarski List","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69357025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Varijabilnost hrasta lužnjaka (Quercus robur L.) u bosanskohercegovačkom testu provenijencija","authors":"Dalibor Ballian, Mirzeta Memišević Hodžić","doi":"10.31298/sl.146.1-2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.146.1-2.4","url":null,"abstract":"U testu provenijencija hrasta lužnjaka (Quercus robur L.) u Bosni i Hercegovini koji je osnovan 2009. godine istraživana je varijabilnost visina biljaka i promjera vrata korijena na biljkama iz 27 provenijencija. Osim toga, analizirane su i korelacije između visina stabala i promjera vrata korijena s morfološkim svojstvima listova iz prirodnih populacija. Sjeme za osnivanje testova provenijencija, kao i listovi koji su korišteni u morfometrijskoj analizi, sakupljeni su u istim populacijama. Provedenim istraživanjima utvrđene su statistički značajne razlike za svojstvo visine i promjera vrata korijena. Varijabilnost je potvrđena i Duncan-ovim testom, i to na način da su biljke s obzirom na svojstvo visina grupirane u 11 skupina te s obzirom na svojstvo promjer vrata korijena u četiri skupine. Klasterskom analizom nije utvrđeno grupiranje populacija s obzirom na geografske i ekološke udaljenosti populacija. Korelacijskom analizom potvrđena je statistički značajna povezanost između visine biljaka i promjera vrata korijena te između morfoloških svojstava listova i visine biljaka i promjera vrata korijena. Dobiveni rezultati upućuju na to da se na temelju određenih morfoloških svojstava može provoditi selekcija provenijencija u mlađim fazama razvoja.","PeriodicalId":49464,"journal":{"name":"Sumarski List","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48512000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytotoxicity of clopyralid at high rates on seed germination of mediterranean pines","authors":"Oguzhan Bakan, D. Eşen, B. Çetin","doi":"10.31298/sl.146.1-2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.146.1-2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Black pine (Pinus nigra J. F. Arnold), maritime pine (P. pinaster Aiton), Scots pine (P. sylvestris L.), and Turkish red pine (TRP, P. brutia Ten.) are ecologically and economically important conifers of the Mediterranean Basin, and in particular for Turkish forestry. They are commonly used for the regeneration and restoration of degraded ecosystems in Turkey. Weeds compete with tree seedlings for vital site elements such as soil moisture and nutrients and solar radiation, substantially reducing tree establishment and growth. Herbicides can offer the practitioner efficient and cost-effective weed control compared to other methods. Rapid herbicide seed screening allows testing of crop-safe herbicides and application rates at much lower costs in a very short time-frame when compared to lengthy field trials. Clopyralid is a systemic herbicide used to rid pine seedlings of competing vegetation. The present study examined the effect of clopyralid phytotoxicity on these pine species using a rapid herbicide seed screening test in order to compare different application rates on seed germination and to identify crop-safe rates. Clopyralid was not phytotoxic to any of the pine species at low rates (i.e., <2%, v:v); however, pine sensitivity to the herbicide increased with increasing rates, especially for rates higher than 3%. Moreover, at high rates, clopyralid reduced the germination speed. This herbicide can be used at low rates for degraded areas and nursery sites in which sowing is used as the main regeneration or restoration method. Field confirmation of the obtained results is also recommended.","PeriodicalId":49464,"journal":{"name":"Sumarski List","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69357031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}