Problemy sbora, podgotovki i transporta nefti i nefteproduktov最新文献

{"title":"SIMULATION OF THE BIOLOGICAL PURIFICATION PROCESS IN AN AEROTANK MIXER","authors":"V. N. Zencov, R. A. Talipov, Ju. S. Rayzer","doi":"10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-4-210-219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-4-210-219","url":null,"abstract":"In the process of biological wastewater treatment, organic impurities, as well as nitrogen and phosphorus compounds are extracted. The mathematical model of biological purification relates the initial and final concentrations of components, the dose of the main reagent – activated sludge, the duration of wastewater treatment, and the process rate. When designing aerotanks, the main parameter to be determined is the required duration of the process, since it is the very parameter, along with treated wastewater consumption, that the required reactor volume for process implementation is determined.
 Aims and Objectives: to consider the existing Monod and Herbert models for calculating the aeration tank mixer; to perform an analysis of aeration tank-mixer techniques without recirculation of activated sludge and determination of kinetic constants of activated sludge in a flow and periodic experiment; to obtain the results of the main parameters of the aeration tank-mixer: the dependence of pollution concentrations of initial and final concentrations of activated sludge on time in the form of a mathematical model.
 As a result of the research, it was found that according to Monod mathematical mode, stable operation of the aeration tank is observed in the area of small values of the output concentration of pollutants. One of the important properties of an ideal mixer is that the output coninput concentration value. Absolute stability in real conditions is most likely impossible, since the kinetics of pollution consumption does not follow the Monod model at all.
 The considered methods for determining kinetic constants are suitable only for relatively simple models of the dynamics of the growth of activated sludge.","PeriodicalId":493832,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sbora, podgotovki i transporta nefti i nefteproduktov","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135536887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SELECTION OF TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF MODES FOR MANUAL ARC WELDING OF SHUT-OFF VALVES MADE OF STEEL ALLOYED WITH 3–4 % NICKEL","authors":"A. O. Khudyakov, R. T. Shafikov, R. I. Valiakhmetov, A. V. Golik, E. A. Matrosov, Yu. S. Korobov","doi":"10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-4-112-124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-4-112-124","url":null,"abstract":"Body of ball valves can be manufactured from A350-LF3 steel according to the US standard ASTM A350, alloyed with nickel up to 4 %. This steel has a tendency to harden in the heat affected zone during welding. The results of computer simulation showed that cooling rates during shielded metal arc welding exceed the recommended range. This can lead to the formation of hardening structures, the development of cold cracks and a decrease in the performance properties of welded joints of ball valves made of A350-LF3 steel.
 To prevent the formation of cold cracks, the preheating and concurrent heating temperatures were calculated. According to the results of computer simulation, it was found that pre-heating and concurrent heating provide the cooling rate of heat affected zone in the recommended range.
 The technology has been developed for welding ball valves made of A350-LF3 steel with mounting nozzles. This technology prevents the formation of cold cracks and provides a high level of strength and toughness of welded joints. The high level of mechanical properties of welded joints is confirmed by results of mechanical tests and metallographic studies.","PeriodicalId":493832,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sbora, podgotovki i transporta nefti i nefteproduktov","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135537523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF CLAPS ON THE STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF TANK STRUCTURES","authors":"M. I. Nuriev, R. A. Sabirov, P. V. Poteshkin, R. M. Timerbulatov","doi":"10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-4-125-136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-4-125-136","url":null,"abstract":"The need to study the problems of reliable operation of the reservoir system is relevant. Special attention should be paid to the specifics of the operation of oil storage tanks and their equipment. The Russian tank farm was formed in the 1970s, a significant part of it has a service life of more than 50 years. The experience of examining such structures with a long service life indicates the presence, in most cases, of the physical aging of their structural elements.
 The article presents the results of processing a cloud of points created using a ground laser scanner to determine the actual geometric deviations of the reservoir and their combined effect on the reliability of the reservoir.
 During the survey, a method of work was used that differs from the standard. In the field, a laser scanner was used instead of a theodolite; in office processing, software systems were used that simplify the tasks.
 In the process of research in the 3DR software package, a triangulation mesh model was created from a cloud of points from a set of finite elements to identify defects located on the wall. The data obtained can be compared with previous and future survey results. Also, the model can be used to create a calculation scheme in PC LIRA 10.
 We set the actual characteristics of the tank wall to the finite elements (the thickness of the first belt is 12 mm, the next ones 10 mm). The main load combinations were applied to the tank. The calculations were carried out for a combination of loads, including the own weight of the structures, the pressure of the stored product and the overpressure in the gas space. Circular and equivalent stresses according to the 4 (energy) theory of strength were analyzed.
 The use of a laser scanner and software systems reduces labor costs for tank inspection, improves the quality of work performed, makes it possible to see the real surface of the tank and take into account defects in the aggregate.
 This method is of practical importance and is currently used by the Department of Inspection of Buildings and Structures.","PeriodicalId":493832,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sbora, podgotovki i transporta nefti i nefteproduktov","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135537388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STUDY OF ADDITIVES FOR SELF-HEALING OF CEMENT SHEATH","authors":"F. A. Agzamov, A. S. Maskenov, R. F. Gaynulov","doi":"10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-4-9-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-4-9-21","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses a study of cement sheath integrity improvement in oil and gas wells. This problem has been studied for more than 40 years. Nevertheless, every year it inextricably linked with the solution of current problems that challenge drilling specialists. Therefore, the search for solutions to problems in this area has great potential and prospects for further improvement. There are three conceptual approaches to the self-healing of cement stone: self-healing systems based on capsules (granules), in a vessel (fiber) shell and without shells. There is also a definition proposed by the Union of Laboratories and Experts in Building Materials. According to this concept, self-healing can occur during autogenous (natural) process, in which the filling of cement cracks occurs due to its own fund of non-hydrated particles when contact with water. Self-healing can also be autonomous (artificial, due to the introduction of additives such as polymers, bacteria and other components capable of either expanding or producing a substance that fills the void space under certain environmental conditions). However, despite the absence of auxiliary materials, autogenous healing is limited by the size of the cracks formed. Experience also shows that autonomous recovery also has negative aspects, which are associated with the characteristics of a particular material and medium - an activator. Therefore, in each case, the approach to solving the problem should be specific and unique. becomes more and more relevant due to the constant deterioration of mining and geological conditions in the process of drilling new wells. The process of adaptation to new conditions is After a series of successful studies aimed at the effect of water-oil-swelling additives on the self-healing ability of cement stone, the focus of the study was shifted to the problem of integrity of gas and gas condensate wells. In this regard, the study provides a detailed step-by-step description of the various processes aimed at finding a solution to the problem. The process of selecting a modifying additive with an assessment of the swelling ability to obtain the effect of self-healing cement stone in difficult mining and geological conditions is considered. Tests of additives in various conditions and environments are carried out. Attempts are made to create an experimental stand that allows simulating well conditions and evaluating the effect of stone restoration when creating artificial cracks. This study makes a significant contribution to the search and understanding of the performance of various additives in the formation environment. The creation of a test equipment is the first step towards modeling formation conditions at the surface. Further modernization of the stand will allow for more accurate tests and significantly reduce the time for selecting reagents. Thus, the use of this technology will improve the quality of well casing, as well as the safety of work in environmental te","PeriodicalId":493832,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sbora, podgotovki i transporta nefti i nefteproduktov","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135537680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"USE OF SECONDARY ENERGY RESOURCES TO PROVIDE HOT WATER SUPPLY TO BUILDINGS AND CONSTRUCTIONS","authors":"Yu. M. Khabirov, I. S. Hamidullin, I. V. Lapshakova","doi":"10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-4-190-199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-4-190-199","url":null,"abstract":"The paper assesses the possibility of using secondary energy resources to provide hot water supply to buildings and constructions. The introduction of recovery systems by using previously unused cheap waste heat energy helps to reduce the amount of energy produced and consumed, increase energy efficiency, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, which correspond to the development strategy of the construction industry and housing and communal services in the field of environmental protection and energy saving. A method for using the waste heat energy of refrigeration plants to provide hot water supply to an apartment building is proposed. This method makes it possible to ensure uninterrupted supply of hot water to consumers with minimal dependence on the operation of centralized heat supply systems. The minimum power of waste thermal energy sources necessary for the organization of such systems is calculated, and possible sources of secondary energy resources are proposed.","PeriodicalId":493832,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sbora, podgotovki i transporta nefti i nefteproduktov","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135536886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ADAPTATION OF ALGORITHMS FOR PIPELINE LEAKAGE AND UNAUTHORIZED TAPPING DETECTION TO FIELD CONDITIONS BASED ON THE HYDRAULIC GRADIENT METHOD","authors":"I. I. Latypova, P. V. Vinogradov, A. F. Mullayanova","doi":"10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-4-99-111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-4-99-111","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the improvement of the hydraulic gradient method for detecting leaks and unauthorized taps in a pipeline, taking into account the specifics of field conditions. It proposes modifying the existing formula for determining leak locations and improving the classical method by incorporating flow meter data in conjunction with pressure sensors. The calculation formulas, the results of testing the obtained algorithms and the software module created for them are presented.","PeriodicalId":493832,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sbora, podgotovki i transporta nefti i nefteproduktov","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135537386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OXIDATION METHODS FOR PHENOLE-CONTAINING WASTEWATER TREATMENT","authors":"A. K. Mazitova, A. R. Maskova, A. F. Aminova, R. Z. Shayakhmetov, I. V. Lapshakova","doi":"10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-4-153-161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-4-153-161","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most complex environmental problems generated by the development of human economic activity is the problem of the negative impact of chemically polluted territories on the objects of the hydrosphere. A lot of toxic compounds, getting into water reservoirs, cause the water area deterioration, the death of their flora and fauna, make the water unusable either for drinking nor for cultural and household needs. Recently, the attention of specialists has been attracted by a group of persistent organic pollutants. All these substances belong to the class of organochlorine pollutants, as well as by-products of hydrocarbon production (for example: dioxins, furans, formaldehydes, phenols). These substances are resistant to decomposition and toxic. Among the most dangerous water pollutants, along with heavy metal ions, petroleum products, surfactants and polyaromatic compounds, are phenol and its derivatives. Phenol-containing wastewater is generated at enterprises of the pulp and paper, woodworking, food industries, leather, chemical, coke, petrochemical industries, etc. When even a small amount of phenolic compounds gets into a water body, the reservoir self-cleaning capacity decreases. In this regard, the problem of an objective assessment of hydrosphere pollution by phenols and its derivatives and the search for new effective methods of wastewater treatment are urgent tasks. The paper describes oxidation methods for wastewater treatment from phenol.","PeriodicalId":493832,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sbora, podgotovki i transporta nefti i nefteproduktov","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135537050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MODIFICATION OF THE SLUDGE FROM SODA PRODUCTION","authors":"D. V. Kuznecov, M. V. Astashina, D. A. Sinicin","doi":"10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-4-200-209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-4-200-209","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of disposal of sludge from soda production is relevant in the Republic of Bashkortostan. Sludge from soda production are dumped into sludge collectors, which have a negative impact on the environment. There is a threat of contamination of groundwater with a highly mineralized still waste liquid. The increase of sludge in sludge reservoirs creates additional pressure and increases infiltration into groundwater. These processes are harmful for the ecological situation in the region.
 In this paper modification of soda sludge produced by organosilicon liquid, sodium liquid glass and stearic acid. Dependencies of change of oil capacity index on gasoline with respect to time were investigated. Analysis of results was carried out and optimal formulation of sorbent based on soda sludge for utilization of liquid phase of oil sludge was revealed.
 As a result of the studies of liquid glass as a hydrophobic compound it was found that small fractions of modified soda sludge repel water, creating a greasy sediment at the bottom, and granules, in turn, allow water to be absorbed and filtered without breaking their shape. To use modified soda sludge with liquid glass as a filter media in cassettes, granulation by extrusion is recommended. The resulting sorption materials based on the modification of soda sludge with sodium liquid glass can be recommended for use in facilities for the treatment of surface and waste water from heavy metal ions.","PeriodicalId":493832,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sbora, podgotovki i transporta nefti i nefteproduktov","volume":"326 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135538377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFICIENCY OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT WITH WATER HYACINTH EICHORNIA CRASSIPES","authors":"G. B. Abuova, A. E. Kharlamova","doi":"10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-4-176-189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-4-176-189","url":null,"abstract":"Prevention of pollution of effluents of water bodies and the environment in general, as well as surface water protection from pollution by untreated wastewater are priority tasks facing humanity today. To achieve an optimal solution, it is necessary to use new technologies or an effective combination of existing methods at operating sewage treatment plants. It has been established that a greater amount of wastewater occurs in the warm period of the year, respectively, and the load on treatment facilities increases. As a result of the analysis of data on wastewater composition indicators, it has been concluded that the concentrations of most pollutants increase during the warm period. Therefore, to improve the quality of purified water, it is proposed to use water hyacinth (Eichornia) together with reeds, which is used on operating biological ponds. This will make it possible to carry out additional wastewater treatment effectively, compensating for the lack of efficiency of treatment facilities. The paper presents the results of experimental studies of the higher aquatic plant Eichornii in vitro by helding a model experiment with subsequent implementation at the research object. The adaptability of water hyacinth to reservoir conditions, as well as to coastal and aquatic vegetation, have been studied. The results have proved the possibility of using reeds and Eichornia together at a wastewater treatment plant. The indicators of the qualitative composition of wastewater after treatment meet the requirements of SanPiN 2.1.3684-21.","PeriodicalId":493832,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sbora, podgotovki i transporta nefti i nefteproduktov","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135539137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A WATER SHUTOFF OPERATION EFFICIENCY PREDICTION IN VIEW STRENGTH OF THE SEALING COMPOSITION","authors":"R. N. Yakubov","doi":"10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-4-22-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-4-22-34","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in the volume of produced water is one of the most important problems of modern oil production. Improvement of well stimulation technologies and methods leads to the more intensive development of a reservoir and an increase in the probability of wells premature flooding, which leads to the necessity of water shutoff operations. One of the ways to increase the water shutoff efficiency is to improve methods for predicting the technological effect and optimizing the operation parameters. In this paper, the author considered
 the theoretical aspects of the most important issues of water shutoff design – justification of the required volume of the sealing agent and forecasting the technological effectiveness of the operation (starting well operation indicators after operation).
 A numerical model is proposed and an analytical solution to the problem of predicting the effectiveness of water shutoff operation is obtained, taking into account the dependence of the residual resistance factor on the pressure gradient.","PeriodicalId":493832,"journal":{"name":"Problemy sbora, podgotovki i transporta nefti i nefteproduktov","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135538367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}