Drugs in Research & Development最新文献

{"title":"In-Use Stability of SB12 (Eculizumab, Soliris Biosimilar) Diluted in Saline and Dextrose Infusion Solution after an Extended Storage Period.","authors":"Minji Tak, Hawon Jeong, Jihoon Yun, Jihyun Kim, Soyeon Kim, Yoonsook Lee, Su Jin Park","doi":"10.1007/s40268-023-00433-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40268-023-00433-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>SB12 is a biosimilar to eculizumab reference product [Soliris^TM (Soliris is a trademark of Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.)] that acts as a C5 complement protein inhibitor. The infusion stability of in-use (diluted) SB12 outside the conditions stated in the reference product's label is unknown.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to assess the stability of SB12 after extended storage in conditions not claimed in the originator label.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Infusion stability was assessed in SB12 samples (diluted in 0.9% NaCl, 0.45% NaCl, and 5% dextrose, final concentration of 5 mg/mL per clinical trial protocol and the reference product's label) kept at 5 ± 3 °C for up to 3 months, then 30 ± 2 °C/65 ± 5% relative humidity (RH) for 72 h. The product was stored in different containers [polyolefin (PO) bags, glass bottles and syringes], and the protocol followed International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) requirements for stability evaluation of biological products. Stability was evaluated using complementary assays, including pH, protein concentration (A₂₈₀), purity (size exclusion-high-performance liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis-sodium dodecyl sulfate, and imaged capillary isoelectric focusing), biological activity (C5 binding and inhibition), and safety (subvisible particles).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Except for charge variants in SB12 diluted in 5% dextrose, all results met the stability acceptance criteria. There were no major changes in terms of physicochemical stability, biological activity, and subvisible particles.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The infusion stability of SB12 after extended storage (5 ± 3 °C for up to 3 months, then 30 ± 2 °C/65 ± 5% RH for 72 h) was demonstrated for longer periods and at higher temperatures than what is stated in the EU and US labels of the reference product. The physicochemical properties, biological activity, and subvisible particles of in-use SB12 diluted in 0.9% NaCl and 0.45% NaCl were maintained under the described conditions and for all tested containers. However, instability was observed for the diluted SB12 in 5% dextrose. These results may reduce the workload of clinical staff and minimize drug waste from treatment delays without any loss in product quality and biological activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":49258,"journal":{"name":"Drugs in Research & Development","volume":" ","pages":"363-375"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10676327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10097356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Guide to Expanding the Use of Buprenorphine Beyond Standard Initiations for Opioid Use Disorder.","authors":"James C Miller, Michael A Brooks, Kelly E Wurzel, Emily J Cox, John F Wurzel","doi":"10.1007/s40268-023-00443-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40268-023-00443-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Buprenorphine has become an important medication in the context of the ongoing opioid epidemic. However, complex pharmacologic properties and varying government regulations create barriers to its use. This narrative review is intended to facilitate buprenorphine use-including non-traditional initiation methods-by providers ranging from primary care providers to addiction specialists. This article briefly discusses the opioid epidemic and the diagnosis and treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD). We then describe the basic and complex pharmacologic properties of buprenorphine, linking these properties to their clinical implications. We guide readers through the process of initiating buprenorphine in patients using full agonist opioids. As there is no single recommended approach for buprenorphine initiation, we discuss the details, advantages, and disadvantages of the standard, low-dose, bridging-strategy, and naloxone-facilitated initiation techniques. We consider the pharmacology of, and evidence base for, buprenorphine in the treatment of pain, in both OUD and non-OUD patients. Throughout, we address the use of buprenorphine in children and adolescent patients, and we finish with considerations related to the settings of pregnancy and breastfeeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":49258,"journal":{"name":"Drugs in Research & Development","volume":" ","pages":"339-362"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10676346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71487989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of High-Fat Food on the Pharmacokinetic Profile and Safety of SAF-189s, an ALK/ROS1 Inhibitor, in Healthy Chinese Adults.","authors":"Huiling Qin, Yan Tan, Lei Diao, Ai-Min Hui, Zhuli Wu, Yongchun Zhou, Juan Sun, Xiao Xiang, Jingjun Qiu, Wei Hu","doi":"10.1007/s40268-023-00446-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40268-023-00446-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>This study was conducted to investigate the effect of high-fat meals on the pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety profile of SAF-189s, a novel ALK/ROS1 inhibitor.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a single-center, phase I, open-label, crossover study in which healthy adults (≥18 years) were randomized (1:1) to two sequences of SAF-189s administration (fasted-fed or fed-fasted) separated by a 14-day washout. After a ≥10-h overnight fast, volunteers received SAF-189s 160 mg orally in a fasted state or 30 min after a high-fat, high-calorie meal. Similarity of pharmacokinetic parameters was concluded if the 90% CI for the geometric mean ratio (GMR) between the fed and fasted group fell within the predefined range of 0.80-1.25.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 24 subjects were enrolled and 23 completed the study. SAF-189s maximum plasma concentration (C_max; GMR: 109.1% [90% CI 103.1-115.4]) was comparable under fed (high-fat meal, n = 24) versus fasted (n = 23) conditions, with no effect on area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to t (AUC_0-t; GMR: 105.1% [90% CI 100.3-110.2]) and AUC from time 0 to infinity (AUC_0-∞; GMR: 105.5% [90% CI, 100.6-110.6]). In both groups, the median time to maximum plasma concentration (t_max) was around 6 h and mean plasma half-life (t_½) was around 35 h. Fed administration led to a lower incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs; 29.2% vs 54.2%), including gastrointestinal disorders (4.2% vs 41.7%) and headache (0.0% vs 12.5%), versus fasted administration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A high-fat meal had minimal effect on the pharmacokinetic profile of SAF-189s compared with a fasted state following a single dose of 160 mg. Administration with a high-fat meal led to a lower incidence of TEAEs.</p>","PeriodicalId":49258,"journal":{"name":"Drugs in Research & Development","volume":" ","pages":"465-473"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10676332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71487991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Benefits and Risks of Switching from Fingolimod to Siponimod for the Treatment of Relapsing-Remitting and Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.","authors":"Martin Vališ, Anat Achiron, Hans Peter Hartung, Jan Mareš, Veronika Tichá, Pavel Štourač, Simona Halusková, Francesco Angelucci, Zbyšek Pavelek","doi":"10.1007/s40268-023-00434-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40268-023-00434-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS). Currently, MS treatment is limited to several Food and Drug Administration (FDA)- and European Medicines Agency (EMA)-approved medications that slow disease progression by immunomodulatory action. Fingolimod and siponimod have similar mechanisms of action, and consequently, their therapeutic effects may be comparable. However, while fingolimod is mainly used for relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), siponimod, according to EMA label, is recommended for active secondary progressive MS (SPMS). Clinicians and scientists are analysing whether patients can switch from fingolimod to siponimod and identifying the advantages or disadvantages of such a switch from a therapeutic point of view. In this review, we aim to discuss the therapeutic effects of these two drugs and the advantages/disadvantages of switching treatment from fingolimod to siponimod in patients with the most common forms of MS, RRMS and SPMS.</p>","PeriodicalId":49258,"journal":{"name":"Drugs in Research & Development","volume":" ","pages":"331-338"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10676342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10108430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical and Functional Similarity of the Biosimilar Candidate ABP 654 to Ustekinumab Reference Product.","authors":"Greg Cantin, Qian Liu, Bhavana Shah, Scott Kuhns, Mats Wikström, Shawn Cao, Jennifer Liu","doi":"10.1007/s40268-023-00441-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40268-023-00441-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>ABP 654 is a proposed biosimilar to ustekinumab reference product (RP), a human immunoglobulin isotype class G subclass 1 kappa monoclonal antibody that acts as an antagonist of interleukin (IL)-23 and IL-12. Ustekinumab RP is indicated for the treatment of some forms of plaque psoriasis, active psoriatic arthritis, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis. ABP 654 and ustekinumab RP utilize different expression systems, and the purpose of this study was to assess analytical similarity between ABP 654 and ustekinumab RP sourced from the United States (US) and the European Union (EU).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The analytical testing plan included general properties, primary structure, higher-order structure, product-related substances and impurities, particles and aggregates, biological activity, and thermal stability and degradation studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ABP 654 was found to be analytically similar to ustekinumab RP with respect to physicochemical and biological properties, including structure, function, purity, and potency.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on a comprehensive similarity assessment, ABP 654 was found to be similar to ustekinumab RP, notwithstanding minor physicochemical differences that are not expected to have a clinically meaningful effect on safety or efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":49258,"journal":{"name":"Drugs in Research & Development","volume":" ","pages":"421-438"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10676326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41217635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demonstration of Physicochemical and Functional Similarity of Biosimilar Adalimumab-aqvh to Adalimumab.","authors":"Yijia Jiang, Taruna Arora, Scott Klakamp, Janice Davis, Yasmin A Chandrasekher, Glen Young, Yue Du, Bin Yu, Karen J Miller","doi":"10.1007/s40268-023-00437-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40268-023-00437-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adalimumab-aqvh/CHS-1420 (YUSIMRY^TM) (hereafter referred to as adalimumab-aqvh) was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration as a biosimilar for adalimumab.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current study was conducted to investigate the analytical similarity of adalimumab-aqvh and the reference product, adalimumab.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The structural, functional, and stability attributes of adalimumab-aqvh and adalimumab were compared using state-of-the-art assays. The primary structure, disulfide structure, glycan profile, secondary and tertiary structures, molar mass, size variants, free thiol, charge variants, hydrophobic variants, post-translational modifications, subvisible particles, host cell proteins, and protein concentration were investigated. The functional similarity between adalimumab-aqvh and adalimumab was demonstrated by comparing fragment antigen-binding (Fab)-associated and fragment crystallizable (Fc)-associated biological activities. The stability of adalimumab-aqvh and of adalimumab was compared through forced degradation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The structural attributes of adalimumab-aqvh were identical to those of adalimumab or met the similarity criteria, with a few exceptions. Adalimumab-aqvh and adalimumab exhibited comparable stability profiles and functional activities. Any observed differences in the physiochemical attributes did not impact the conclusion of similarity because they did not influence any functional activities related to the adalimumab mechanism of action.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The structural, functional, and stability data provide convincing evidence of biosimilarity between adalimumab-aqvh and the reference product, adalimumab.</p>","PeriodicalId":49258,"journal":{"name":"Drugs in Research & Development","volume":" ","pages":"377-395"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10676336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10065428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Looking into the Kinetics of NT-proBNP and sST2 Changes in Patients with Heart Failure Treated with Sacubitril/Valsartan: A Hint to Different Therapeutic Pathways.","authors":"Massimo Mapelli, Irene Mattavelli, Elisabetta Salvioni, Alice Bonomi, Nicolò Capra, Pietro Palermo, Cristina Banfi, Stefania Paolillo, Maria Luisa Biondi, Piergiuseppe Agostoni","doi":"10.1007/s40268-023-00438-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40268-023-00438-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and soluble interleukin 1 receptor-like 1 ST2 (sST2) are biomarkers used to grade heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) severity. Both are potential targets of HFrEF treatment, but the first is associated with the patient's hemodynamic status, while the second is more indicative of the inflammatory status and of myocardial fibrosis. The aim of this study was to assess the kinetics of these biomarkers after treatment with sacubitril/valsartan in HFrEF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed blood samples of patients with HFrEF at baseline (before sacubitril/valsartan treatment), after 1, 2, and 3 months (respectively, after a month taking the 24/26 - 49/51 - 97/103 mg twice daily, or b.i.d., doses), and 6 months after the maximum-tolerated dose was reached (end study).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We obtained samples from 72 patients with HFrEF (age 64.0 ± 10.5 years, 83% males). NT-proBNP and sST2 values progressively and significantly reduced to 37% and 16%, respectively, with a greater reduction for NT-proBNP (p < 0.001). Specifically, NT-proBNP reduced from 1144 [593-2586] pg/mL to 743 [358-1524] pg/mL and sST2 from 27.3 [20.5-35.0] ng/mL to 23.1 [15.9-30.7] ng/mL, p for trend < 0.001 in both cases. The reduction of the two biomarkers over time occurred with statistically significant different kinetics: deferred for sST2 and faster for NT-proBNP. No significant changes in renal function and potassium levels were recorded.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that, in patients with HF, sacubitril/valsartan effects on the cardiovascular system share a double pathway: a first, hemodynamic, faster pathway and a second, non-hemodynamic anti-fibrotic, delayed one. Both likely contribute to the sacubitril/valsartan benefits in HFrEF.</p>","PeriodicalId":49258,"journal":{"name":"Drugs in Research & Development","volume":" ","pages":"397-402"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10676328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10215930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simvastatin Preferentially Targets FLT3/ITD Acute Myeloid Leukemia by Inhibiting MEK/ERK and p38-MAPK Signaling Pathways.","authors":"Genhong Li, Jingwei Yao, Zhen Lu, Lian Yu, Qinwei Chen, Lihong Ding, Zhihong Fang, Yin Li, Bing Xu","doi":"10.1007/s40268-023-00442-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40268-023-00442-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The FLT3/ITD mutation exists in many acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and is related to the poor prognosis of patients. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the antitumor activity of simvastatin, a member of the statin class of drugs, in vitro and in vivo models of FLT3/ITD AML and to identify the potential mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining kits were used to detect cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. Subsequently, Western blot and rescue experiment were applied to explore the potential molecular mechanism. In vivo anti-leukemia activity of simvastatin was evaluated in xenograft mouse models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In vitro experiments revealed that simvastatin inhibited AML progression in a dose- and time-dependent manner, while in vivo experiments showed that simvastatin significantly reduced tumor burden in FLT3/ITD xenograft mouse models. After simvastatin treatment of FLT3/ITD AML cells, intracellular Rap1 was downregulated and the phosphorylation levels of its downstream targets MEK, ERK and p38 were significantly inhibited. The rescue experiment showed that mevalonate, an intermediate product of the metabolic pathway of mevalonate, and its downstream geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) played a key role in this process. Finally, we demonstrate that simvastatin can induce apoptosis of primary AML cells, while having no effect on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal donors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Simvastatin can selectively and effectively eradicate FLT3/ITD AML cells in vitro and in vivo, and its mechanism may be related to the disruption of the HMG-CoA reductase pathway and the downregulation of the MEK/ERK and p38-MAPK signaling pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":49258,"journal":{"name":"Drugs in Research & Development","volume":" ","pages":"439-451"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10676344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41240259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Tucatinib on Cardiac Repolarization in Healthy Volunteers.","authors":"Ariel R Topletz-Erickson, JoAl G Mayor, Hsu-Tai Liu, Layth I Abdulrasool, Christopher J Endres","doi":"10.1007/s40268-023-00440-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40268-023-00440-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Tucatinib is a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) approved to treat metastatic HER2-positive breast and colorectal cancers. The International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Human Use (ICH) E14 guideline mandates that new drugs are assessed for potential effects on cardiac repolarization through electrocardiogram (ECG) evaluation in a QT/corrected QT (TQT) study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated the effect of tucatinib on cardiac repolarization in healthy volunteers in a phase I, randomized, partially double-blind, placebo-and positive-controlled three-period crossover study. The primary endpoint was the placebo-corrected change from baseline in QT interval values, corrected for heart rate using Fridericia's method (ΔΔQTcF).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After achieving steady-state tucatinib exposures with 300 mg twice daily, the observed ΔΔQTcF ranged from -2.9 msec at 2 hours post-dose to 0 msec at 4 hours post-dose. The upper bound of the 90% confidence interval (CI) was below 5 ms at all post-dose timepoints. Assay sensitivity was confirmed as the lower bound of the 90% CI and was >5 ms following moxifloxacin dosing. As the mean ΔΔQTcF of tucatinib was predicted to be -  1.80 ms (90% CI -  3.90, 0.30) at clinically relevant tucatinib concentrations (511 ng/mL), an effect of tucatinib on QTcF exceeding 10 ms was excluded within observed ranges of tucatinib (up to ~1000 ng/mL). Tucatinib had no clinically relevant effect on heart rate or cardiac conduction. The safety profile of tucatinib was manageable after multiple doses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tucatinib had no clinically relevant effects on studied ECG parameters. This study constitutes a clearly negative TQT study per ICH E14 guidance.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>This trial (NCT03777761) was registered on 17 December 2018.</p>","PeriodicalId":49258,"journal":{"name":"Drugs in Research & Development","volume":" ","pages":"411-419"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10676329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41153166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acknowledgement to Referees.","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s40268-023-00447-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40268-023-00447-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49258,"journal":{"name":"Drugs in Research & Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71487990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}