American Journal of Audiology最新文献

{"title":"Decoding Age-Linked Masseter Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential Changes in Healthy, Aging Individuals.","authors":"Karan Ramesh, Kumaran Thirunavukkarasu","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJA-23-00264","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJA-23-00264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The primary objective of this study was to assess how age influences masseter vestibular evoked myogenic potential (mVEMP) parameters by utilizing 500-Hz tone burst stimuli delivered through air conduction.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study involved 110 participants ranging from 15 to 60 years of age, grouped into five categories, all of whom had no previous issues related to their vestibular system. The participants were exposed to 500-Hz tone burst stimuli at 125 dB SPL through ER-3A inserts. These stimuli were presented to one ear at a time, with alternating polarity. A Tukey's honestly significant difference test was conducted to compare rectified and unrectified amplitude, along with latencies (P11 and N21) and the asymmetric ratio across all age groups. Additionally, a multivariate analysis of variance was performed to assess the impact of sex on the study variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All 110 participants (220 ears) in the study provided mVEMP responses, encompassing 100% of the subjects. The results revealed a significant reduction in both amplitude and latency extension for the P11 and N21 peaks. Interestingly, P11 latency was also prolonged in the youngest participants (Group 1), suggesting ongoing maturation of the system even beyond the age of 16 years. Moreover, a significant sex difference was observed in the P11 latencies. However, there were no substantial sex differences (<i>p</i> > .05) in N1 peak latency, peak-to-peak amplitude, rectified amplitude, and asymmetric ratio.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Changes in structure occur due to degeneration, and the quantity of vestibular sensory hair cells gradually diminishes with age. The rate of decline is faster in semicircular canals compared to end organs, as observed by Merchant et al. (2000). Following a linear degeneration starting at the age of 40 years, a continuous reduction in sensory cells and primary neurons takes place until approximately 40% of vestibular sensory cells are lost by the age of 75 years and insufficient maturation can lead to prolonged peaks and reduced amplitudes compared with those that are considered normal. Therefore, it is crucial to consider the age of the participants when making diagnoses and incorporate relevant correction factors based on age-related reference data.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"838-849"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141285177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Effect of Age on the Contralateral Acoustic Reflex Suppression Test in Individuals With Normal Hearing.","authors":"Cihat Bolat, Zahide Çiler Büyükatalay Yaldız","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00025","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study is to investigate the age-related changes of the Contralateral Acoustic Reflex Suppression (CARS) test in individuals with normal hearing and to provide age-related normal values.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study included 66 individuals aged 18-65 years. The participants were divided into three age groups, respectively, 18-30 years, 31-45 years, and 46-65 years. Acoustic reflex threshold and acoustic reflex amplitude measurements were performed at frequencies of 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz in the presence and absence of suppressive noise from the contralateral ear.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the comparison of suppression amounts according to age groups, the highest suppression amount at all frequencies was observed in the 18-30 years age group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is known that changes in the function of the efferent hearing system occur due to aging. In the CARS test, a decrease in the amount of suppression produced by the efferent system has been observed due to aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"964-971"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141972142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining Force Level Output of Skin-Drive Bone Conduction Hearing Devices in Adults With Simulated Conductive Hearing Loss.","authors":"Rana El-Naji, Susan Scollie, Marlene Bagatto","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJA-23-00258","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJA-23-00258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Bone conduction hearing devices (BCDs) that deliver sound across the skin (i.e., transcutaneous) are suitable for some individuals who have conductive or mixed hearing losses. Prescriptive targets for percutaneous devices are available, for example, from the Desired Sensation Level-Bone Conduction Hearing Device (DSL-BCD) algorithm. These targets, however, may require modification for use with transcutaneous BCDs. The current study investigated three key variables that may inform target modification: (a) comparison of thresholds measured using an audiometric bone conduction (BC) transducer versus transcutaneous BCDs that offer in situ threshold measurement, (b) transcutaneous BCD default force level outputs versus recommended DSL percutaneous BC targets, and (c) the preferred listening levels (PLLs) of adults wearing transcutaneous BCDs in a laboratory setting.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Bilateral conductive hearing loss was simulated in 20 normal-hearing adults via earplugs. Thresholds were measured using a B-71 BC transducer and two commercially available BCDs coupled to a soft headband. DSL percutaneous BC targets were generated, and PLLs were obtained for a 60-dB SPL speech stimulus. Force level outputs were measured using a skull simulator on the Audioscan Verifit2 at the hearing aids' default settings and at the participants' PLL for each device.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On average, audiometric BC thresholds were significantly better than those measured in situ with each BCD. PLLs were similar to prescribed targets for one device with the smoother response shape and agreed in the high frequencies for both devices.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In situ thresholds are significantly higher than audiometric BC thresholds, suggesting that device-based in situ measurement more accurately accounts for the signal transmission from transcutaneous BCDs. PLLs differed from the percutaneous targets and varied between devices, which may indicate that either target modifications or manipulations of device frequency response shaping are needed to approximate PLL with transcutaneous BCD devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"695-704"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140945661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family Resilience in Primary Caregivers of Children Who Are Deaf and Hard of Hearing.","authors":"Halide Cetin Kara, Talha Cogen, Fatma Telci","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJA-23-00173","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJA-23-00173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate family resilience-defined as the capacity of a family to harness its collective strengths and resources to recover from and adapt to significant adversities or crises effectively-in primary caregivers of children who are deaf and hard of hearing (cDHH) and its association with quality of life, life satisfaction, perceived social support, and loneliness.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study involved 108 primary caregivers of cDHH and 139 primary caregivers of children with normal hearing. Participants underwent psychometric evaluations including the Family Resilience Scale, World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment-Brief Form, Satisfaction with Life Scale, UCLA Loneliness Scale, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were found in almost every scale and its subdimension between the two groups (<i>p</i> < .05). Correlation analysis revealed significant correlations between all scale total scores for both groups (<i>p</i> < .05, .153 < | <i>r</i> | < .737). Quality of life was found to be a significant predictor of family resilience, <i>F</i>(1, 139) = 41.824, <i>R</i>² <i>=</i> .279, <i>B</i> = 0.495, <i>t</i> = 6.467, <i>p</i> < .001.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study highlights the significant impact of having cDHH on caregivers' family resilience, quality of life, life satisfaction, feelings of loneliness, and perceived social support. The results underscore the importance of enhancing caregivers' quality of life as a potential strategy to improve their family resilience. Further research is needed to understand the complex interplay of factors influencing these outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"705-717"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140945844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Hyperacusis Therapy Combines Psychoeducation, Sound Exposure, and Counseling.","authors":"Sandrien Thieren, Paula van Dommelen, Michel R Benard","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJA-23-00210","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJA-23-00210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the short- and long-term effects of a new cognitive sound exposure therapy (CSET) in patients with hyperacusis.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A new therapy was developed to reduce hyperacusis using sound exposure combined with breathing and relaxation strategies from both acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy. Patients who were referred to the Speech and Hearing Centers located in Hengelo and Zwolle in the Netherlands and aged ≥ 18 years with hyperacusis as main complaint and no or mild hearing loss were included in this study. Patients were seen for CSET between June 2020 and August 2022. The sessions took place biweekly. Sessions ended when exposure reached a level with a maximum of 70-80 dB SPL. Short-term effects between the start and the end of therapy were based on tolerable level of sound exposure (dB SPL), subjective-level hinderance of hyperacusis, and sensitivity to sound using the Hyperacusis Questionnaire (HQ). The long-term effect was based on HQ 6 months after the end of therapy. Linear mixed-effects and regression models were applied to study outcomes over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 30 patients, 15 men and 15 women, aged between 24 and 76 years were included in this study. The mean number of sessions during therapy was 6 and ranged between 4 and 8. Results showed an increase of exposure level (mean change was +23.7 dB with an <i>SD</i> of 7.9, <i>p</i> < .001), a decrease in sensitivity to daily sounds (mean [<i>SD</i>] change was -1.6 [2.1], <i>p</i> < .001), and a decrease in HQ (mean [<i>SD</i>] change was -9.8 [4.9], <i>p</i> < .001), between the start and the end of therapy. There was no significant change in HQ after the end of therapy and 6 months later; mean (<i>SD</i>) change was 0.2 (4.3), <i>p</i> = .81.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The evaluation of CSET indicated a decrease in short- and long-term sensitivity to sound in patients with hyperacusis. Additionally, CSET has shown a positive impact, not only for the sounds used in the therapy sessions but also in transferring benefits to everyday sounds. The results of combining psychoeducation, sound exposure, and counseling are promising and warrant further evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"613-623"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141071775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computerized Rotational Head Impulse Test: Age-Dependent Normative Data.","authors":"Mangelique du Plessis, Barbara Heinze, Tarryn M Reddy, Alexander Kiderman, Jorge E González","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJA-22-00190","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJA-22-00190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The objective of this study was to determine the normative vestibulo-ocular reflex gain output values of the computerized rotational head impulse test (crHIT) with stationary visual targets (earth bound) in healthy participants in each decade age band of life: 10-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, and 70+ years.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Seventy-seven community-dwelling participants (10-85 years of age) with normal lateral semicircular canal (SCC) functioning and no symptoms or history of vestibular dysfunction were recruited through convenience sampling and assessed with the crHIT using stationary targets. These participants were assessed using two standard protocols in a randomized order.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results from 77 participants (<i>M</i> _age = 46 years; 43 women, 34 men) were analyzed. Pearson's correlation coefficient and simple linear regression indicated a statistically significant relationship between crHIT gain output and age (<i>p</i> > .05) for right gain, 1030°/s², and left gain, 1005°/s². Although a statistically significant relationship was found, the slope was minor, demonstrating that the clinical effect of age on crHIT gain output was insignificant. Furthermore, no statistically significant relationship exists between crHIT gain output and gender (<i>p</i> > .05). Age-dependent normative data were calculated using the 2.5th and 97.5th confidence interval (CI) percentile method. The responses of angular vestibulo-ocular reflex (aVOR) gain values for crHIT are expected to occur within the range for lower limit reference interval (RI) of 0.85-0.9 and upper limit RI of 1.11-1.18 for 1030°/s² and lower limit RI of 0.86-0.92 and upper limit RI of 1.13-1.16 for 1005°/s². It can be expected that 90% CI of the population with normal lateral SCC functioning will have aVOR gain values that fall within this range.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite a statistically significant relationship that exists with aVOR gain output and age, the changes are minor, declining by 0.0088 units per 10 years, justifying the same normative data for all decade age bands.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"674-682"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141421527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparison of the Efficacy of Four Repositioning Maneuvers in the Treatment of Posterior Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo.","authors":"Sebastian Satkunasingam Valsted, Andreas Thesbjerg Larsen, Henriette Edemann Callesen, Dan Dupont Hougaard","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJA-23-00177","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJA-23-00177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of the present review was to report the effectiveness of Epley maneuver compared to other manual repositioning maneuvers (RM) for treatment of posterior benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (P-BPPV). A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was conducted up until June 30, 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Primary outcomes focused on complete resolution of vertiginous symptoms measured by either a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) or the Dix-Hallpike (DH) test. Secondary outcomes included conversion of a positive DH test to a negative DH test exclusively looking at positional nystagmus and assessment of side effects (cervical/back pain, posttreatment dizziness, and nausea). Both outcomes were assessed within a maximum of 4-week follow-up. Following systematic search and review, nine randomized controlled trials (RCTs; <i>p</i> = .413) were found. The studies reported on the effectiveness of the Epley maneuver compared to three other specific RM: Semont, Li, and Gans maneuvers. Results revealed a low to very low certainty of evidence. With the primary outcomes, Epley maneuver was superior to Gans maneuver 24-hr posttreatment but not after 1 week. No significant differences were found between the remaining maneuvers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In summary, evidence of low to very low certainty indicates that Epley maneuver is comparable with Semont, Gans, and Li maneuvers for vertiginous symptoms in patients with P-BPPV. Further high-quality studies are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1008-1022"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141433218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incorporating Parents' Lived Experiences Into the Pediatric Audiology Course: A Qualitative Analysis of Student Reflections.","authors":"Ahmad A Alanazi, Nannette Nicholson","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJA-23-00260","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJA-23-00260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study explores the underutilized pedagogical approach of incorporating lived experiences of parents with children possessing diverse hearing profiles and their family characteristics into the audiology curriculum for students. The aim was to investigate the impact of integrating such experiences into the classroom as an andragogical learning experience through the qualitative analysis of written student reflections.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Twelve (<i>N</i> = 12) third-year female audiology students enrolled in a pediatric auditory (re)habilitation course attended a parent panel presentation during their regularly scheduled face-to-face class. Five parents of children with diverse hearing differences and diverse technology, communication, and educational choices participated on the panel as guest speakers via the Zoom platform. Students completed written reflections based on Rolfe's reflective framework. Written reflections were downloaded from Canvas and de-identified prior to uploading to NVivo software for coding, utilizing an inductive grounded theory coding strategy coupled with content analysis.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>This study underscores the effectiveness of written reflections as an effective andragogical learning model. Through reflective practice, students gained a deeper understanding of their experiences, values, and learning journeys, enhancing their competency in pediatric audiology and auditory (re)habilitation. Students articulated previous knowledge and learning experiences, utilized newfound insights from exposure to the parent panel of shared lived experiences, and connected this knowledge with future clinical applications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Key findings underscore the effectiveness of reflective practice as an andragogical learning model, facilitating the integration of prior experiences with new knowledge. Moreover, it aids the transition of the professional journey from the familiar to the unfamiliar, demonstrating the impact of combining real-world lived experiences to reinforce and highlight classroom topics. Additionally, reflective practice enhances professional efficacy by valuing patient/parent perspectives regarding clinical care and aligning with evidence-based principles.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"905-931"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Just Keep Spinning? The Impact of Auditory and Somatosensory Cues on Rotary Chair Testing.","authors":"Natalie Seidl, Melissa Newell, Alexander L Francis","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00017","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to determine whether providing realistic auditory or somatosensory cues to spatial location would affect measures of vestibulo-ocular reflex gain in a rotary chair testing (RCT) context.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This was a fully within-subject design. Thirty young adults age 18-30 years (16 men, 14 women by self-identification) completed sinusoidal harmonic acceleration testing in a rotary chair under five different conditions, each at three rotational frequencies (0.01, 0.08, and 0.32 Hz). We recorded gain as the ratio of the amplitude of eye movement to chair movement using standard clinical procedures. The five conditions consisted of two without spatial information (silence, tasking via headphones) and three with either auditory (refrigerator sound, tasking via speaker) or somatosensory (fan) information. Two of the conditions also included mental tasking (tasking via headphones, tasking via speaker) and differed only in terms of the spatial localizability of the verbal instructions. We used linear mixed-effects modeling to compare pairs of conditions, specifically examining the effects of the availability of spatial cues in the environment. This study was preregistered on Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/2gqcf/).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed significant effects of frequency in all conditions (<i>p</i> < .05), but the only pairs of conditions that were significantly different were those including tasking in one condition but not the other (e.g., tasking via headphones vs. silence). Post hoc equivalence testing showed that the lack of significance in the other comparisons could be confirmed as not meaningfully different.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that the presence of externally localizable sensory information, whether auditory or somatosensory, does not affect measures of gain in RCT to any relevant degree. However, these findings also contribute to the increasing body of evidence suggesting that mental engagement (\"tasking\") does increase gain whether or not it is provided via localizable instructions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"850-862"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing Pediatric Cochlear Implant Use.","authors":"Erika B Gagnon, Erin M Thompson, Lisa R Park","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00023","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJA-24-00023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Cochlear implant device use, quantified by hearing hours percentage (HHP), is a known variable that impacts pediatric spoken language outcomes. Isolating specific factors that impact HHP could help clinicians intervene to reduce the implications of barriers and amplify the positive facets. The aim of this study is to identify variables that predict HHP in children.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A retrospective chart review was completed using data collected from 2019 to 2023. Subjects were included if they were under the age of 18 years at the time of data collection and had data logging recorded in the clinical patient database. A mixed-effects model weighed the influence of year of the clinical visit (2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023), race/ethnicity (White, African American, Asian, Hispanic, Mixed Race, or Other), listener type (bilateral simultaneous, sequential, bimodal, unilateral hearing loss, or unilateral listener; one cochlear implant and a contralateral deaf ear), insurance type (private, Medicaid, or military, or none), age at surgery, presence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or an intellectual development delay (IDD), and age at test on HHP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were a total of 5,106 data points from 958 subjects. The mean HHP of the cohort was 64.2% (<i>SD</i> = 26.94%). Lower HHP was associated with the presence of IDD or ASD, use of Medicaid, and older age at surgery. HHP increased with age. Subjects of color did not have a significantly different HHP than those who were White. There was an interaction between year of data collection and listener type. Each listener type's HHP was impacted differently by the year of data collection; however, years of the COVID-19 pandemic yielded lower HHP for all listener types.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The group mean of 64.9% is lower than the recommended 80% HHP goal, indicating that pediatric cochlear implant recipients have slightly more than half the access to sound as their age-matched typically hearing peers. Several variables that impact HHP were identified in this study. Cochlear implant teams can utilize these data to support vulnerable patients to increase HHP. Additional investigation is needed to determine what interventions most effectively improve HHP.</p>","PeriodicalId":49241,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"953-963"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141972143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}