{"title":"Identifying P300 brain-computer interface training strategies for AAC in children: a focus group study.","authors":"Kevin M Pitt, Jamie B Boster","doi":"10.1080/07434618.2025.2495912","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07434618.2025.2495912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The integration of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) technology into Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) systems introduces new complexities in training, particularly for children with diverse cognitive, sensory, motor, and linguistic abilities. Effective AAC training is crucial for enabling individuals to achieve personal goals and enhance social participation. This study aimed to explore potential training strategies for children using P300 based BCI-AAC systems through focus group discussions with experts in AAC and BCI technologies. Participants identified six key themes for effective training: (1) Scaffolding-developing adaptive systems tailored to each child's developmental level, including preteaching, visual display adaptations, and gamification; (2) Verbal Instructions-emphasizing the use of clear, simple language and spoken prompts; (3) Feedback-incorporating immediate feedback and biofeedback methods to reinforce learning; (4) Positioning-ensuring proper trunk stability and addressing electrode placement; (5) Modeling and Physical Supports-using physical cues and demonstrating BCI-AAC use; and (6) Considerations for Visual Impairment-accommodating cortical visual impairment (CVI) with suitable stimuli and environmental adjustments. These insights offer an initial foundation for identifying P300 BCI-AAC training strategies for children. Further systematic research with end users, support networks, and professionals is needed to validate, refine, and expand interventions that support diverse communication needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":49234,"journal":{"name":"Augmentative and Alternative Communication","volume":" ","pages":"32-41"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12435780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Move to learn: considerations for providing upright, hands-free, self-initiated mobility to children with severe physical and communication disabilities.","authors":"Fei Luo, Sarah W Blackstone","doi":"10.1080/07434618.2025.2495903","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07434618.2025.2495903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Development in children is sometimes described as a series of isolated milestones, e.g., first smile, first word, sitting, crawling, first step, and so on, even though that is not actually how human development unfolds. Rather, many of the skills that emerge during childhood are better understood using neuroplasticity, dynamic systems theory, and embodied cognition. Based on these findings and theories, we explore the potential impact that upright, hands-free, self-initiated mobility can have on children with severe physical and communication disabilities who use augmentative and alternative communication, specifically focusing on their growth in communicative competence. We discuss research that demonstrates the benefits to children with different physical abilities when they engage in upright, hands-free, self-initiated mobility. This article reflects the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for Children and Youth by considering the importance of identifying functional communication needs and goals, taking into account participation barriers, communication limitations, and personal and environmental factors. We advocate for adopting family-centered, interprofessional collaborative service delivery models that more directly align with current theories of human development. Finally, we call for the adoption of implementation science to help bridge the existing gaps between theory and evidence-based practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":49234,"journal":{"name":"Augmentative and Alternative Communication","volume":" ","pages":"69-76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction to the forum on the role of basic science in AAC access.","authors":"Krista M Wilkinson, Dawn J Sowers","doi":"10.1080/07434618.2025.2495906","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07434618.2025.2495906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This introduction to the special forum on basic/foundational research in AAC offers a brief rationale for the importance of the three pillars of evidence-based practice, including scientific evidence, clinical expertise, and client/family insights, and underscores that each pillar can and should offer something and also benefit from the other pillars. It briefly overviews several areas in which basic science has been instrumental in promoting clinical advances and then introduces the articles in the current forum, which each in its own way relates to access. The hope is to promote constructive dialog between scientists, clinicians, and individuals who use AAC to move these ideas forward.</p>","PeriodicalId":49234,"journal":{"name":"Augmentative and Alternative Communication","volume":" ","pages":"2-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Krista M Wilkinson, Dawn J Sowers, Lynn R Elko, Mitchell Case, Sharon Redmon, Kevin Williams, Tanuj Namdeo, Syed Billah
{"title":"Consideration of artificial intelligence applications for interpreting communicative movements by individuals with visual and/or motor disabilities.","authors":"Krista M Wilkinson, Dawn J Sowers, Lynn R Elko, Mitchell Case, Sharon Redmon, Kevin Williams, Tanuj Namdeo, Syed Billah","doi":"10.1080/07434618.2025.2495905","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07434618.2025.2495905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Access to speech-language therapies that promote optimal communication outcomes is a fundamental right outlined by the United Nation's Article 19 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities as well as the Communication Bill of Rights of the National Joint Committee on the Communication Needs of Persons with Severe Disabilities. For many individuals, augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) offers an important set of supports for realizing this critical human right. Yet despite a strong evidence base, many AAC systems are not tailored to the support needs of individuals with visual and/or motor impairments. In this paper we explore the potential for artificial intelligence to interpret body-based communicative movements (including gestures) into speech output. The team, which includes individuals with motor impairments, developed and tested a prototype application that shifts the burden of access off the AAC user and onto the application, through the use of body-based sensors. The effort demonstrated proof of concept that the prototype could learn meaningful idiosyncratic gestures and ignore unintentional ones. Movement sensors interpreted the gestures regardless of the user's or communication device's position, reducing constraints on its usability, potentially increasing the flexibility of AAC access. Dedicated research is needed to confirm this possibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":49234,"journal":{"name":"Augmentative and Alternative Communication","volume":" ","pages":"56-68"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144081438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melanie Fried-Oken, Michelle A Kinsella, Erik Jakobs, Tom Jakobs, Aimee Mooney, Betts Peters, Rebecca Pryor, Scott Spaulding
{"title":"Smart Predict: adding partner-suggested vocabulary to increase efficiency in a dual tablet AAC typing application.","authors":"Melanie Fried-Oken, Michelle A Kinsella, Erik Jakobs, Tom Jakobs, Aimee Mooney, Betts Peters, Rebecca Pryor, Scott Spaulding","doi":"10.1080/07434618.2024.2374314","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07434618.2024.2374314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Smart Predict is a novel two-tablet application developed to improve conversational efficiency for people who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) devices. The Smart Predict system consists of two distinct applications that were built for use with two Android tablets and/or phones with Bluetooth<sup>®</sup> capability. One application is referred to as the AAC User app and the second application is called the Partner app. Smart Predict integrates vocabulary supplementation from communication partners in real-time while persons who rely on AAC generate text and maintain full control to choose words within a word prediction line. Using single-case research designs with adapted alternating treatments under two counterbalanced treatment conditions (AAC User app alone versus AAC User app + Partner app), we examined message efficiency with persons who rely on switch scanning for on-screen keyboards. User experience questionnaires were administered to determine satisfaction and workload, and to provide feedback for future development efforts. Three adults with complex communication needs and motor impairments conversed with research staff about fourteen movie trailers. Characters per minute and switch selections per character produced by the person with complex communication needs and motor impairments were measured during 15-minute interviews to represent communication speed and effort. Results indicate that message efficiency increased with the dual-tablet Smart Predict, indicating faster message generation with the vocabulary supplementation system. User satisfaction increased and perceived effort decreased under the Smart Predict conditions. Given these results within a research and development framework, the Smart Predict concept is a viable feature that could be considered within smart AAC technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49234,"journal":{"name":"Augmentative and Alternative Communication","volume":" ","pages":"395-406"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142009837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perspectives from individuals who use augmentative and alternative communication on communication access in restaurant settings.","authors":"Kylie Robinson, Shelley Lund","doi":"10.1080/07434618.2024.2367975","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07434618.2024.2367975","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Communication accessibility has been defined by many scholars and organizations, but it is generally described as clear communication that everyone can access and understand. The objective of this manuscript was to assess communication accessibility for people who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) within a variety of restaurant settings through interviewing five adults who utilize AAC as their primary form of communication. Interviews were qualitatively coded and revealed common communication accessibility themes restaurants and restaurant staff were not implementing, such as direct communication and increasing AAC awareness. The implications of the interview data include its potential usage in training restaurant staff and management to utilize communication accessibility tips and features to increase the communication accessibility of the restaurant patrons they serve, especially for individuals who use AAC. This could then lead researchers in creating a formal training schema for restaurants to implement into their businesses reliably and effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":49234,"journal":{"name":"Augmentative and Alternative Communication","volume":" ","pages":"345-354"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mental health and mental health problems among users of AAC: a scoping review.","authors":"Jørn Østvik, Mats Granlund, Astrid Røsland Seim","doi":"10.1080/07434618.2024.2434680","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07434618.2024.2434680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Functional communication is crucial for mental health and for coping with mental health problems. People with disabilities are at increased risk of mental health problems, and people who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) are reported to be at greater risk of depression and anxiety than people without impairments. This scoping review summarizes existing knowledge about the mental health and mental health problems of people who use AAC. The review includes nine publications, published between 2001 and 2022. These mainly report on adults and elderly people who use AAC. Four of the nine publications included people who use AAC due to acquired impairments. None of the studies reported the prevalence of mental health problems and only a few addressed factors of positive mental health. The results indicate a shortage of theoretical accounts for most of the publications included, and the publications are not built on each other. The scarcity of knowledge is discussed in relation to the idea that the need for communicative support is a need based on communicative functioning rather than any diagnostic category and thus not visible in much of the health literature based on diagnostic categories. Several implications for practice and research are suggested.</p>","PeriodicalId":49234,"journal":{"name":"Augmentative and Alternative Communication","volume":" ","pages":"320-332"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paulina Finak, Heather M Aldersey, Martine M Smith, Beata Batorowicz
{"title":"Environmental factors contributing to using spelling in communication: Perceptions of literate aided communicators.","authors":"Paulina Finak, Heather M Aldersey, Martine M Smith, Beata Batorowicz","doi":"10.1080/07434618.2024.2359936","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07434618.2024.2359936","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this interpretive qualitative study was to explore how environmental factors influence the transition from relying solely on graphic symbols to using spelling in face-to-face communicative interactions, from the perspective of literate adults with speech and motor impairments who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). Fourteen adults either chose to submit a written story with weekly email follow-up, took part in interviews conducted via Zoom<sup>1</sup>, or chose to communicate solely by email. Researchers analyzed data using Charmaz's (2014) constructivist grounded theory approach. The analysis yielded three themes explaining environmental factors relevant to the transition from using graphic symbols to spelling in communication: (a) access to AAC systems and services; <b>(</b>b) knowledgeable and supportive communication partners who have high expectations; and (c) opportunities to learn reading, writing, and spelling. Supportive factors included providing sufficient time for spelling in communicative interactions, structured learning opportunities for practice and independence, opportunities to learn through socially meaningful interactions and having print-rich and language-rich activity settings. Slow speed in navigating graphic symbols and lack of ability to express an exact message were motivational reasons for participants to use spelling in communicative interactions. The interaction among environmental factors and person-related characteristics warrants further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49234,"journal":{"name":"Augmentative and Alternative Communication","volume":" ","pages":"355-368"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141293880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Camryn Terblanche, Tyler T Schnoor, Michal Harty, Benjamin V Tucker
{"title":"The development of synthetic child speech in three South African languages.","authors":"Camryn Terblanche, Tyler T Schnoor, Michal Harty, Benjamin V Tucker","doi":"10.1080/07434618.2024.2374312","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07434618.2024.2374312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is well-known that children with expressive communication difficulties have the right to communicate, but they should also have the right to do so in whichever language they choose, with a voice that closely matches their age, gender, and dialect. This study aimed to develop naturalistic synthetic child speech, matching the vocal identity of three children with expressive communication difficulties, using Tacotron 2, for three under-resourced South African languages, namely South African English (SAE), Afrikaans, and isiXhosa. Due to the scarcity of child speech corpora, 2 hours of child speech data per child was collected from three 11- to 12-year-old children. Two adult models were used to \"warm start\" the child speech synthesis. To determine the naturalness of the synthetic voices, 124 listeners participated in a mean opinion score survey (Likert Score) and optionally gave qualitative feedback. Despite limited training data used in this study, we successfully developed a synthesized child voice of adequate quality in each language. This study highlights that with recent technological advancements, it is possible to develop synthetic child speech that matches the vocal identity of a child with expressive communication difficulties in different under-resourced languages.</p>","PeriodicalId":49234,"journal":{"name":"Augmentative and Alternative Communication","volume":" ","pages":"333-344"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Parent-implemented AAC verb symbol intervention with children with ASD.","authors":"Cindy Gevarter, Erin Gallegos","doi":"10.1080/07434618.2024.2408422","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07434618.2024.2408422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A multiple-probe across participants design was used to examine whether three young children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) could learn to use verb symbols presented on an AAC application to request actions. Using researcher coaching (involving joint planning, descriptive instructions, and guided practice) parents of participants were taught to (a) embed opportunities for children to request actions in daily home routines, (b) model AAC responses, (c) use a prompt hierarchy with a time delay, and (d) contingently reinforce correct aided AAC responses. Following intervention delivered by parents, all three participants increased their use of verb symbols to request actions and parents implemented procedures with high fidelity. There were, however, individualized differences in rate of acquisition, variability of responding, readiness for fading supports, and moving to more advanced skills. One of the three participants was able to master two-step responses involving navigation to a category folder. Generalization of requesting actions to labeling actions was limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":49234,"journal":{"name":"Augmentative and Alternative Communication","volume":" ","pages":"369-381"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}