Fides et Ratio最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of menstrual cycle self-observation skills using the double-check symptom-thermal method based on chart evaluation","authors":"Katarzyna Piasecka, Ewa Ślizień - Kuczapska, Monika Pytka, Paulina Łyszczarz, Monika Bieniak-Czerepak","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v55i3.1211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v55i3.1211","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract : Meticulous and systematic observation of the menstrual cycle allows a woman to monitor her procreative health, which has great diagnostic value. It gives the opportunity to learn about the natural rhythm of fertility and, in the case of observing abnormalities, reduces the time until the first medical consultation. Reliable learning of observation takes time and is carried out through a certified teacher of a particular method of fertility awarness.. Therefore, this skill from the area of prevention and diagnosis should occupy an important place in the teaching of both health care workers and the education of women themselves. In Poland, there are several non-governmental non-profit organizations that provide professional teaching support in the field of health-promoting education and natural family planning. Method: I and III of self- cycle observation chart were studied. The total number of analyzed charts was 74. The study was based upon the SPSS Statistics package version 25. The p < 0.05 level was considered statistically significant. Results: The majority of women with high self-observation skills in menstrual cycle charting using the double-check symptom-thermal method were single , with a university degree (53.65%, n=22), learning the method at the Lublin branch of Polish Association of Natural Family Planning Teachers (51.21%, n=21), motivated to learn charting for procreative health monitor (75.60%, n=31), with no support from a husband/fiancé/partner (60.96%, n=25). Conclusions: : The study group of women was homogeneous in terms of the eligibility criteria applied, i.e. they were all at reproductive age, had typical cycles and did not use contraception methods. The women's high skills in cycles self-observation are the result of the excellent quality of the NFP teacher work with the client, the ability to communicate and convey the principles of self-observation skills as well as the user's motivation to keep charting their cycles. The main goal of the women learning the method was to monitor their own procreative health.","PeriodicalId":491036,"journal":{"name":"Fides et Ratio","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136016169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Material support for large families. Essence, forms, significantly","authors":"Beata Krajewska","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v55i3.1205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v55i3.1205","url":null,"abstract":"The large family is constantly being the subject of research exploration. The perspective of its functioning, positive aspects for the development and socialization of the child, as well as the difficulties experienced and the need for support become the subject of the discourse around this particular category of families. The purpose of this study is to present the individual and most important benefits and solutions aimed at supporting large families and their assessment to what extent they form a coherent system, together with an indication of directions for its improvement. Apart from broader research explorations, there remains the issue of large families themselves, limiting them to showing selected aspects, which also applies to the only outlined issue of family policy and support for large families within it. To achieve this goal, the analytical and synthetic method of reviewing the sources of law and literature was used. The available forms of support for large families in the form of various types of benefits, discounts and allowances are an important element of family policy that still requires improvement. There is also a permanent need for educational impact in the field of large families, reflectiveness in their assessment, showing them in a positive but true light, without omitting what is difficult, troublesome and important for them.","PeriodicalId":491036,"journal":{"name":"Fides et Ratio","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136059569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Professional socialization of midwives in the first year of work in hospital wards","authors":"Zuzanna Tomaszewska, Antonina Doroszewska, Jane Fry","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v55i3.1196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v55i3.1196","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Introduction and objective: The first experience of entering a profession has a huge impact on an employee’s later life. They affect motivations for development, relationships with co-workers, and in the medical sector will directly translate into patient safety and well-being. When midwives take up their first job, they face challenges and obstacles related not only to their inexperience, but also to communication in teams, the implementation of which requires time and commitment on both sides–the implementing and experienced employee. Material and methods: The aim of the research presented here was to identify difficulties related to communication in midwifery teams, especially at the level of experienced–inexperienced midwife and to find out the opinions on mentoring as a way to support in the first months of work. The study was conducted by means of group interviews. Three interviews were conducted with a total of 11 midwives with 1-2 years of professional experience working in hospital wards in three Polish cities. Results: In the participants’ statements, three issues were singled out as the most important issues raised related to the difficulties of the first months at work: the organization of the induction system, the sense of mutual trust in the team of co-workers and the inequality of wages. Conclusions: A sense of security resulting from mutual trust and acceptance is crucial for young midwives entering the profession. A factor conducive to a smooth socialization process to work is a properly functioning mentoring system. Communication difficulties that cause division in teams, may be related to the inequality of salaries, resulting from the disparity in the level of education of midwifery staff in hospital wards.","PeriodicalId":491036,"journal":{"name":"Fides et Ratio","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136059577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Techniques used during childbirth to correct fetal position and improve labour process","authors":"Magdalena Witkiewicz, Barbara Baranowska, Magdalena Piskorska, Urszula Tataj-Puzyna","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v55i3.1216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v55i3.1216","url":null,"abstract":"The process of labour is determined by various elements, and only some of them might be controlled by woman or medical professional. The conditions for efficient movement of the fetal head in birth canal, including the anatomy of the pelvis and soft tissues, uterine activity, fetal position and women's approach to the same are essential. This article describes techniques and methods which can be facilitated to gain the improvement and therefore advance the fetus through the birth canal in case of suboptimal condition of childbirth.","PeriodicalId":491036,"journal":{"name":"Fides et Ratio","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136016575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The The effects of cognitive, social, and emotional intelligence on children’s sociometric status in a new peer group","authors":"Katarzyna A. Knopp","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v55i3.1218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v55i3.1218","url":null,"abstract":"Sociometric status is of consequence to the child’s development and adjustment, as research shows that people with low status in childhood and adolescence run a greater risk of later maladjustment. On the other hand, popularity is a significant predictor of well-being as well as academic success and effective intra- and interpersonal functioning. Given the importance of sociometric status to a person’s psychological and social functioning, researchers have sought to identify its determinants with a view to developing methods of supporting children’s development and adjustment. The objective of the study was to investigate changes in the sociometric status of children in a new classroom and determine to what extent they are shaped by cognitive, social, and emotional intelligence. Method: The study encompassed 136 first graders aged six and seven years (M = 6,87, SD = 0.54). Sociometric status was evaluated three times: at the beginning of the school year, as well as after six and twelve months. In addition, one test of cognitive, social, and emotional intelligence was performed. The data were analyzed using latent growth curve models. Results: It was found that the sociometric status of children changed over time. Cognitive intelligence was not found to be a statistically significant predictor of either the initial level or the rate of change of sociometric status (whether in the acceptance or rejection domains). Emotional intelligence was significant only for the initial rejection by their peers. While social intelligence did not statistically significantly predict initial levels of acceptance and rejection, it did have a significant effect on the rate of temporal change in both domains of sociometric status. This means that children with higher SI improved their position in the peer group over time (with increasing acceptance and declining rejection levels). Conclusions: The research shows that by developing social intelligence, it is possible to help children with a low sociometric status, who do not cope well in a social group and are often rejected by their peers.","PeriodicalId":491036,"journal":{"name":"Fides et Ratio","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136016167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visuospatial game in PTSD symptoms alleviation: intervention overview and clinical studies results","authors":"Karolina Czernecka","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v55i3.1213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v55i3.1213","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to present the possibility of using the puzzle game Tetris as an aid in treating people suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This intervention was first proposed Holmes and her team (2009), who postulate its high effectiveness, especially when alleviating one of hallmark symptoms of PTSD – intrusions. It was assumed that the visuospatial nature of the game would interfere with the formation of the perceptual and sensory memory trace of the traumatic event, as both processes compete for a limited pool of visual working memory resources. In principle, this should translate into a reduced number of intrusions and the intensity of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, while not damaging the volitional, verbal memory of the event itself. The effectiveness of the intervention has been confirmed by the team in laboratory setting using real-life trauma analogues (trauma film paradigm). This paper discusses the results of studies involving clinical groups, testing the effectiveness of the intervention, and thus the validity of the proposal itself. In each of the studies cited, after memory reactivation, people who experienced an actual trauma and/or had a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder were asked to play Tetris for a short time (approx. 15-20 minutes). The number of intrusions occurring in the following days was tracked along with, in some cases, other indicators of psychological well-being. Regardless of the type of traumatic event, the time elapsed since it occurred, and the protocol used, each of the cited studies reported a reduction in the number of intrusions and a corresponding decrease in the severity of PTSD symptoms. The intervention turned out to be easy to use, universally effective and not interfering with other therapeutic approaches, therefore making it a valuable and noteworthy addition to treatment programs for people suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder, leading to an improvement of their mental health and general functioning.","PeriodicalId":491036,"journal":{"name":"Fides et Ratio","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136059131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sources of individual differences in human musical activity: selected neurophysiological and developmental aspects","authors":"Bartłomiej Swebodziński, Łukasz Brzezina, Krzysztof Cybulski, Aleksandra Meisner","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v55i3.1171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v55i3.1171","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to individual differences in the field of human musical activity. Musical abilities were taken into account in terms of development, emphasizing the prenatal period of a man. The attention was paid to important aspects in further human development, taking into account heritability and the influence of the environment. They used neurophysiological indicators of changes in development that define neuroplasticity. The importance of characteristics relating to perception, musical intelligence and manual skills was also noted. It is also associated with individual differences in physical activity as a response to music or support in musical performance. The importance of own work in the development of musical abilities was also taken into account. It turns out to be equally important to emphasize the development of musical abilities within the recalling game as opposed to the improvisational one, which is correlated with the variable activation of the neurophysiological task-positive and task-negative networks. The cross-sectional approach to the problem shows the complexity of the musical activity itself which justifies the wide variance of musical abilities analyzed in terms of individual differences which underlie the neurophysiological mechanisms conditioning developmental changes and resulting from own work.","PeriodicalId":491036,"journal":{"name":"Fides et Ratio","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136059132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New old life of patients after implantation of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator","authors":"Monika Paleczna","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v55i3.1207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v55i3.1207","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to provide a detailed description of patients' lives after implantation of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). First, the basic function and mechanism of the device as well as the types of experienced shocks, including phantom shocks, are described. Then, the three most important dilemmas faced by patients are discussed: ICD implantation, battery replacement and device deactivation. Subsequently, the scientific literature on psychopathological symptoms in patients is reviewed. The latest results of research on anxiety and depression in patients with ICD are presented, and the relationship between anxiety and depression and experienced shocks is discussed in detail. The results of a few studies on the occurrence of stress and post-traumatic stress disorder in patients are also presented. In addition, the focus was on the perception of the implantation of a cardioverter defibrillator as a traumatic event. The aim of this article was also to discuss the quality of life of patients with a cardioverter defibrillator. The results of studies that indicate a deterioration, improvement or maintenance of the level of quality of life of patients comparable to those of healthy people are presented. In addition, a specific, important from the perspective of people with ICD aspect of the quality of life, which is the health-related quality of life, was discussed. The results of research in this area are also not unambiguous. In addition, predictors of health-related quality of life were indicated. The article also addresses the issue of changing the identity of patients after implantation of a cardioverter defibrillator. The results of research conducted in this field, which were most often of a qualitative nature, were discussed. In the discussion on the identity of people with ICD, changes in self-image were emphasized, but this issue was not a frequent subject of psychological research. Finally, the challenges faced by partners of patients with an implanted cardioverter defibrillator were characterized. Also in this area, most of the research was qualitative, and the data come from interviews with relatives of cardiac patients.","PeriodicalId":491036,"journal":{"name":"Fides et Ratio","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136059576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Premenstrual syndrome symptoms in women of reproductive age – a preliminary report","authors":"Agnieszka Bałanda-Bałdyga, Klaudia Pałucka, Jagoda Niedźwiedź, Jan Jakub Kęsik, Anna B. Pilewska-Kozak","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v55i3.1204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v55i3.1204","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Most women experience at least one or more psychosomatic symptoms before their period, which are characteristic of premenstrual syndrome or premenstrual dysphoric disorder.Aim: This study aimed to investigate whether and to what extent women of childbearing age experience PMS and what is involved.Material and methods: The study was conducted between February and June 2019 at the Medical University of Lublin and the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, and at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Clinic in Świdnik, among 252 women of reproductive age, aged 20-35. The paper uses the method of diagnostic survey, using its own questionnaire and the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale.Results: About half (45.2%) of the women had moderate severity of symptoms. In contrast, 40.5% of the respondents had no premenstrual syndrome symptoms (0.4%) or only mild symptoms (40.1%). The most common category of symptoms was physical symptoms, including the most common breast tenderness and swelling (52.8%), skin lesions (44%), and cravings for products with added salt and sugar (40.9%). The level of education of the women studied differentiated the perception of PMS symptoms (p = 0.001). The severity of the syndrome was not related to age (p = 0.097), physical activity (p = 0.054), dietary habits (p = 0.650), and vitamin D (p = 0.159) and B (p = 0.458) supplementation.Conclusions: The vast majority of women experience at least one symptom of premenstrual syndrome. Almost half of them have moderate premenstrual symptoms. The most common category of symptoms includes physical symptoms, especially breast tenderness and swelling, skin changes, and cravings for foods with added salt/sugar. Women's level of education makes a difference to their perception of PMS symptoms. The severity of the syndrome does not depend on age, physical activity, dietary habits or vitamin D and B supplementation.Keywords: menstrual cycle, premenstrual syndrome, dysphoric premenstrual disorder","PeriodicalId":491036,"journal":{"name":"Fides et Ratio","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136016740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal expectations and paternal self-efficacy as factors associated with the occurrence of depressive symptoms in parents after childbirth.","authors":"Karolina Kossakowska","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v55i3.1221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v55i3.1221","url":null,"abstract":"Depressive symptoms with onset after the birth of a child can affect both parents. The aim of the presented study was to determine whether fathers and mothers differ in terms of postpartum depression symptoms and such variables as the sense of parental competence and the prenatal expectations of discrepancy, and whether these variables are related to the occurrence of postpartum depression symptoms in women and men. 271 people, including 165 women and 106 men, who became parents in the last 12 months, were examined. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Parental Sense of Competence Scale (PSOC) and Prenatal Expectations Scale (PES) was used. The results indicate differences between mothers and fathers in postpartum depressive symptoms, parental competencies, and prenatal expectations discrepancy as well. While maternal depression symptoms are determined by failure to meet prenatal expectations, depressive symptoms in new fathers are associated with a low sense of paternal competence.","PeriodicalId":491036,"journal":{"name":"Fides et Ratio","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136059573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}