Ornithological Science最新文献_第9页

Usage of Urban Rivers by Gulls and Cormorants as Movement Pathways in Winter 海鸥和鸬鹚在冬季利用城市河流作为迁徙路径

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2020-07-24 DOI: 10.2326/osj.19.187

Shiori Takeshige, Kazuhiro Katoh

{"title":"Usage of Urban Rivers by Gulls and Cormorants as Movement Pathways in Winter","authors":"Shiori Takeshige, Kazuhiro Katoh","doi":"10.2326/osj.19.187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.19.187","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract For the long-term survival of bird populations in urban areas, it is necessary to protect both bird habitats fragmented by urbanization and potential pathways for movement between them. However, urban pathways for waterbirds have rarely been studied. Suspecting that certain waterbird species that visit inland waters would tend to move along rivers, as movement pathways, we surveyed waterbird movement along the Kanda River in Tokyo, Japan in the winter of 2017/2018. We defined those species that very frequently (more than 95% of all flights) flew along the river as “river travelers”. Three species, Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo, Black-headed Gull Larus ridibundus, and Herring Gull L. argentatus proved to be river-dependent movers that frequently used the Kanda River as a pathway. The gulls relied more heavily on the river as a movement pathway than the cormorant. In this sense, urban rivers may play a role for these species that is analogous to that of linear vegetated spaces for terrestrial birds. In addition, the distribution of river travelers (especially Black-headed Gull) may have been affected by the extent of riverside vegetation alongside, and highways covering, the river. To protect movement pathways for gulls and cormorants in urban areas, it is necessary to consider the differences among bird species in terms of their relative dependence on urban rivers as movement pathways and their comparative susceptibilities to the impact of manmade structures covering the rivers.","PeriodicalId":49009,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Science","volume":"19 1","pages":"187 - 201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42270240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Nest Boxes for White-Throated Needletailed Swift Hirundapus caudacutus to Promote Conservation and Support Ecological Research 白喉针尾雨燕巢箱促进保护和支持生态研究

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2020-07-24 DOI: 10.2326/osj.19.217

Noriyuki M. Yamaguchi, S. Mori, Hiroshi Yonekawa, Daichi Waga, H. Higuchi

引用次数: 1

Alert and Flight Initiation Distances of Crows in Relation to the Culling Method, Shooting or Trapping 乌鸦的警戒和飞行起始距离与扑杀方法、射击或诱捕的关系

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2020-07-24 DOI: 10.2326/osj.19.125

M. Fujioka

{"title":"Alert and Flight Initiation Distances of Crows in Relation to the Culling Method, Shooting or Trapping","authors":"M. Fujioka","doi":"10.2326/osj.19.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.19.125","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A large number of Large-billed Crows Corvus macrorhynchos and Carrion Crows C. corone are culled annually either by shooting or trapping in Japan, but the effects of such culling on crow behaviour have never been evaluated. I hypothesized that in an area where crows are shot they would become more sensitive to human disturbance than those in an area where they are trapped. I compared alert and flight initiation distances of crows in two nearby, but separate, areas in Iwate Prefecture, Japan, in March 2004. In 2003 all 1,025 crows culled in the Daito area were shot, whereas 95.3% of 1,586 crows culled in the Tono area were trapped. Topography, land use, and human population densities were similar in the two areas. Analyses using generalized linear models showed that the area (and hence the method of culling) was the sole explanatory variable in the best model and included in each of the top five models for both distance measures. The median alert distance and flight initiation distance were greater where crows were shot than where they were trapped (60.0 m vs. 20.5 m and 46.0 m vs. 18.0 m, respectively). Other factors, such as species, flock size, behaviour, and habitat type, were far less important. These results show that shooting has a greater non-lethal effect on crows than trapping. While trapping may be a more efficient way of removing crows than shooting, shooting not only reduces the number of nuisance animals directly, but also affects their behaviour and habitat use so that damage is reduced indirectly. Shooting is thus the more effective choice for culling in order to reduce damage caused by crows.","PeriodicalId":49009,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Science","volume":"19 1","pages":"125 - 134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44539250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

The Song Structure of the Siberian Rubythroat Luscinia [Calliope] Calliope: Branching Syntax Underlies Complex and Variable vocalization 西伯利亚Rubythroat Luscinia〔Calliope〕Calliope的歌曲结构：复杂变声的分支句法

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2020-07-24 DOI: 10.2326/osj.19.177

V. Ivanitskii, M. Monakhova

{"title":"The Song Structure of the Siberian Rubythroat Luscinia [Calliope] Calliope: Branching Syntax Underlies Complex and Variable vocalization","authors":"V. Ivanitskii, M. Monakhova","doi":"10.2326/osj.19.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.19.177","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The syntactical organization of the avian song is of particular interest in light of recently discussed analogies between the songs of birds and human speech. We present here a description of the song structure of the Siberian Rubythroat Calliope calliope, a small insectivorous bird, widespread in Siberia and the Russian Far East. This species sings predominantly discontinuously, but the duration of individual songs varies significantly. Each individual song is composed of a number of song units, a stereotypical set of different notes and syllables that are always presented together and in a strictly fixed order. Although the variety of song units in an individual's repertoire is significant, the diversity of units presented in the very beginning of individual songs was found to be much more limited. The song of the Siberian Rubythroat is not only extremely complex and variable, but it is also organized as a set of clusters rooted in strictly defined initial song units. Each cluster in turn contains several branching points with a limited number of branches. Despite its impressive variety, the rubythroat's song nevertheless contains numerous fixed sequences of song units.","PeriodicalId":49009,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Science","volume":"19 1","pages":"177 - 186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49366343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Age of First Primary Moult in the Red-Crowned Crane Grus japonensis 日本丹顶鹤第一初级丘的年龄

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2020-07-24 DOI: 10.2326/osj.19.223

Y. Masatomi

引用次数: 0

Gross Anatomical and Ultrastructural Characterization of the Oropharyngeal Cavity of the Egyptian Nightjar Caprimulgus aegyptius: Functional Dietary Implications 埃及夜莺口咽腔的大体解剖和超微结构特征：功能性饮食意义

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2020-07-24 DOI: 10.2326/osj.19.145

A. El-Mansi, M. Al-Kahtani, M. Abumandour, A. Ezzat, Dina A El-badry

{"title":"Gross Anatomical and Ultrastructural Characterization of the Oropharyngeal Cavity of the Egyptian Nightjar Caprimulgus aegyptius: Functional Dietary Implications","authors":"A. El-Mansi, M. Al-Kahtani, M. Abumandour, A. Ezzat, Dina A El-badry","doi":"10.2326/osj.19.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.19.145","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Much literature exists on the comparative oral morphology of birds in relation to dietary niche, but little research has been done on the nightjars, (Caprimulgidae, Caprimulgiformes). Herein, we describe the oropharyngeal cavity of the Egyptian nightjar, Caprimulgus aegyptius, using gross anatomical analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The tongue of C. aegyptius is short with a blunt apex carrying numerous scale-like structures. The body of the tongue has both small and large conical papillae for capturing and retrieving insects, and is separated from the root by a distinct papillary crest. The laryngeal mound is bounded by a laryngeal groove with a median glottic fissure that bears two laryngeal folds rostrally and two conical papillary rows caudally. Salivary glands are scattered on the lingual body and root, the floor of the oropharyngeal cavity, and the anterior maxillary and posterior palatine regions. The palate is divided into papillary and non-papillary regions. Furthermore, the median portion of the papillary region has two main clefts: the choanal and infundibular clefts. At the rear edge of the palate, a single transverse row of large caudally-directed conical papillae is present. Our findings reveal multiple structural and functional adaptations of the lingual papillae, salivary gland distribution, and palatal architecture in C. aegypitus that reflect the species' insectivorous dietary habits.","PeriodicalId":49009,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Science","volume":"19 1","pages":"145 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41853630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Nocturnal Migration in the Tataka Area, Yushan National Park, Taiwan in Autumn 2014 台湾玉山国家公园塔他卡地区2014年秋季夜间迁徙

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2020-07-24 DOI: 10.2326/osj.19.135

Chao-Chieh Chen, Jane-Chi Wu, B. Walther, Po-Jen Chiang

{"title":"Nocturnal Migration in the Tataka Area, Yushan National Park, Taiwan in Autumn 2014","authors":"Chao-Chieh Chen, Jane-Chi Wu, B. Walther, Po-Jen Chiang","doi":"10.2326/osj.19.135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.19.135","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Detecting different bird species requires different and appropriate surveying methods. We tested a new detection method for the Tataka Area in Yushan National Park, Taiwan, which is an important alpine stopover site for migratory land-birds. Numerous migrant species have previously been reported from this area during bird counts and banding operations. However, these traditional survey methods are incapable of detecting nocturnal migrants. Therefore, we applied acoustic monitoring devices to survey the flight calls of nocturnal migrants in the Tataka Area in order to identify the species and estimate their detection rate. We set up acoustic recorders at five recording stations twice a month during September, October and November, and once in December 2014. We identified 18 nocturnal migrant taxa from 801 hours of recordings. The Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax was the most frequently recorded species, followed by thrushes (Turdus spp.) and the Brown Shrike Lanius cristatus. Passages of nocturnal migrants occurred during every hour of the night, but with a significantly higher detection rate during the period from 2000 to 2300. Detection rates also varied significantly among months and recording stations. Significantly higher detection rates were recorded in September and October than in November and December. The recording station on a ridge detected significantly fewer birds than the other four recording stations situated in or near valleys. This suggests that nocturnal migrants use lower-lying stream valleys in order to pass over mountain ridges at the lowest possible point. This study provides the first evidence to demonstrate that, besides landbird migrants, many shorebird species and even kingfishers migrate through alpine areas at night when they pass over Taiwan Island during autumn migration.","PeriodicalId":49009,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Science","volume":"19 1","pages":"135 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49237044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Biased Learning of Sexual Signals by Female Bengalese Finches 孟加拉雌性芬奇对性信号的偏向性学习

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2020-01-31 DOI: 10.2326/osj.19.3

G. Caspani, Tomoko G. Fujii, T. Mizuhara, R. Gilman, K. Okanoya

{"title":"Biased Learning of Sexual Signals by Female Bengalese Finches","authors":"G. Caspani, Tomoko G. Fujii, T. Mizuhara, R. Gilman, K. Okanoya","doi":"10.2326/osj.19.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.19.3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Peak shift in mate preference learning can be a driver of rapid repeated speciation. Therefore, clades that have undergone recent adaptive radiations are predicted to show biased learning of signals from the opposite sex. The estrildid finches are one such clade. In species including the Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata and the Bengalese Finch Lonchura striata var. domestica, females choose mates in part based on their songs. Consistent with theory, female Zebra Finches show peak shift in their learned response to male song characteristics. We used operant conditioning to train female Bengalese Finches to respond to songs with trills of one length and to ignore songs with trills of another length. Then, we exposed those females to songs with a range of trill lengths, and we observed their responses. We found that at least some Bengalese Finches also show behaviour consistent with peak shift in their response to male songs. Moreover, females evaluated songs relative to other songs they had recently heard. Our results suggest that females respond to male sexual signals with bias in multiple species in the rapidly speciating estrildid clade.","PeriodicalId":49009,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Science","volume":"19 1","pages":"14 - 3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46761431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bird Communities of Two Forest Types in Chitwan Valley, Nepal 尼泊尔奇特万山谷两种森林类型的鸟类群落

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2020-01-31 DOI: 10.2326/osj.19.29

R. T. Engstrom, L. Edenius, T. Thapa, B. Bidari, Anil Gurung, G. Mikusiński

{"title":"Bird Communities of Two Forest Types in Chitwan Valley, Nepal","authors":"R. T. Engstrom, L. Edenius, T. Thapa, B. Bidari, Anil Gurung, G. Mikusiński","doi":"10.2326/osj.19.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.19.29","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Maintaining biological diversity is an important objective at Chitwan National Park (CNP), the most visited national park in Nepal. Given human uses and manipulations of forests both in and around CNP, developing forest management guidelines that can both support human use of trees and sustain the biological diversity of the forests is a high priority. In February 2009 we measured bird communities with point counts, woodpecker abundance with playback, and collected vegetation data in Sal Shorea robusta and riverine forests in CHP and a nearby community forest to provide basic data on bird-habitat associations with an emphasis on woodpeckers. Riverine forest had over twice the density of trees per ha (many small trees), higher tree species richness, and greater basal area than Sal forest. Sal forest had more large trees than riverine forest. We detected 71 bird species during the point counts in the study forests, 18 more during playback sessions, and an additional 12 species that were more associated with adjacent habitats (e.g., wetlands or flying overhead) for a total of 101 species. Among resident species, 31% were primary or secondary tree-cavity nesters. On average for point counts, we detected 29.5 bird species (2.2 woodpeckers) on transects located in riverine forest and 23.3 bird species (1.8 woodpeckers) in Sal forests, but the difference was not statistically significant. While riverine forest had several commonly occurring species not detected in Sal forest, the opposite was not the case. The regression of woodpecker species richness against large tree density in both Sal and riverine forests was positive, but not statistically significant. As a method of sampling woodpeckers, playback resulted in approximately twice the number of individuals and species compared to detection from point counts.","PeriodicalId":49009,"journal":{"name":"Ornithological Science","volume":"19 1","pages":"29 - 40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43674497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Nearest-Neighbor Distances Change Over Short Time Intervals in Foraging Flocks of Shorebirds 觅食岸鸟群最近邻距离在短时间内的变化

IF 0.6 4区生物学

Ornithological Science Pub Date : 2020-01-31 DOI: 10.2326/osj.19.107

Ivana Novčič

引用次数: 1