PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Functional identification of Annexin B1 and Annexin B2 from Cysticercus cellulosae and their mechanism in plasma membrane repair.","authors":"Peixia He, Dejia Zhang, Mengqi Wang, Rui Duan, Yuyuan Zhao, Sirui Wang, Xing Yang, Xiaolei Liu, Shumin Sun","doi":"10.1371/journal.pntd.0013015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0013015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cysticercosis is a severe foodborne zoonotic parasitosis infected by the metacestode larvae of Taenia solium. However, its invasion mechanism is still not clear, which might provide the important evidence for treatment or vaccine. It was reported the annexin involved in the physiological and pathological functions of Cysticercus cellulosae. However, the regulatory mechanisms and roles of annexin B1 and annexin B2 in the invasion and immune escape of Cysticercus cellulosae have not been fully explored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The annexin was acquired by cloning in prokaryotic expression vector, expressed in Escherichia coli, and purified by affinity chromatography. Its expression was determined by immunohistochemistry. The anticoagulant function and its underlying mechanism was verified by the determination of activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time and phospholipid binding activity. The membrane repair function was verified by cell culture, transfection, and laser confocal technology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Immunohistochemistry results showed the B1 and B2 were mainly expressed on the body surface and the surface of digestive glands of Cysticercus cellulosae. The Blood coagulation results illustrated the B1 and B2 can prolong the time of both exogenous and endogenous coagulation pathways, with B2 having a more significant effect. They tend to bind to phosphatidylserine, possibly interfering with coagulation complex formation and inhibiting the coagulation pathway, and may assist in the worm's penetration through blood vessels and migration to parasitic sites. The plasma membrane repair test revealed the cells transfected with B1 and B2 genes have a significantly shorter plasma membrane repair time than the control group, suggesting that these proteins may be involved in repairing the worm's body surface to resist the immune system's attack when the host immune system attacks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Annexin B1 and Annexin B2 of Cysticercus cellulosae possess anticoagulant properties and can assist in membrane repair. Given these functions, it is speculated that they play a crucial role in immune evasion and invasion. However, further experiments are required to provide direct evidence to further validate these speculations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49000,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases","volume":"19 4","pages":"e0013015"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12005505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144027394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dengue in Brazil: Interrupted time series analysis of changes in surveillance and transmission.","authors":"Kirstin Oliveira Roster, Tiago Martinelli, Colm Connaughton, Mauricio Santillana, Francisco A Rodrigues","doi":"10.1371/journal.pntd.0013030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0013030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012726.].</p>","PeriodicalId":49000,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases","volume":"19 4","pages":"e0013030"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12005485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143989226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention and improved management of serious neurological adverse events during praziquantel-based mass drug administration in a Taenia solium endemic area: Experiences from Madagascar.","authors":"José Alphonse Nely, Noromanana Sylvia Ramiandrasoa, Diana Edithe Andria-Mananjara, Glenn Edosoa, Patricia Rasoamihanta Martin, Bernadette Abela, Meritxell Donadeu, Agnès Fleury","doi":"10.1371/journal.pntd.0012590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0012590","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mass drug administration (MDA) programs involving praziquantel are used in public health programs to control diseases such as schistosomiasis, taeniasis caused by Taenia solium, opisthorchiasis and clonorchiasis. Praziquantel is a systemically distributed anthelmintic drug also used to treat neurocysticercosis (NCC) caused by the larval stages of T. solium in the central nervous system. The doses of praziquantel used in MDA are low compared to those used for the treatment of NCC, but in people with latent NCC (without symptoms or signs), there is a potential risk of neurological adverse events (AE) due to the development of inflammation around the cysts following administration. In Madagascar two large MDA campaigns aimed at T. solium were conducted using praziquantel in the Vakinankaratra region. Prior to the first MDA campaign, we implemented a program designed to minimize the occurrence of neurological AE and improve their management, which included training of health agents and community workers as well as health centres staff, population awareness, post-MDA active and passive surveillance and the supply of basic medicines to health centres. This program was repeated for the second MDA campaign. A total of 117,216 and 163,089 people were treated during the first and second MDA campaign respectively, with 10 participants experiencing serious AE, which were successfully managed. The beneficial results from our program in Madagascar can help other programs and countries using MDA with praziquantel in T. solium endemic areas to improve the safety of these campaigns.</p>","PeriodicalId":49000,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases","volume":"19 4","pages":"e0012590"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047834/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid geographic expansion of local dengue community transmission in Peru.","authors":"Edson J Ascencio, Paloma M Carcamo, Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar","doi":"10.1371/journal.pntd.0013001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0013001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49000,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases","volume":"19 4","pages":"e0013001"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12005496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New insights into the genomic information of an overlooked human pathogen: Bartonella rochalimae causative agent of Carrion's disease.","authors":"Giovanna Mendoza-Mujica, Karen Daphne Calvay-Sanchez, Yanina Zarate-Sulca, Victor Jimenez-Vasquez","doi":"10.1371/journal.pntd.0013040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0013040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Bartonella genus includes over twenty species, most transmitted by arthropods and possibly eleven related to human diseases, though some currently lack specific vectors or hosts. Bartonella rochalimae, a Gram-negative pleomorphic bacterium, was first isolated in 2007 from a woman who traveled to Peru and developed Carrion's disease-like symptoms. Hence, this study aims to report on bacterial isolates from patients diagnosed with Carrion's disease, which were found to be caused by B. rochalimae rather than B. bacilliformis, and to characterize the genomic aspects of B. rochalimae as a human pathogen. Five strains of B. rochalimae were identified using pangenomic and phylogenetic analysis. Additional analyses included core and clade-specific genes, gene ontology (GO), virulence factors (VF), and subcellular localization. This study identified five B. rochalimae strains from the regions of Ancash, Cajamarca, and Huanuco in Peru, suggesting regional circulation. The findings emphasize the importance of further research on B. rochalimae gene functions and its role in outbreak developments, highlighting the importance of improved diagnostics and enhanced surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":49000,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases","volume":"19 4","pages":"e0013040"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12043232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144005015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of γδ T cells in flavivirus infections: Insights into immune defense and therapeutic opportunities.","authors":"Qi Li, Meng Zhang, Bridget Kim, Samuel Soriano, Hridesh Mishra, Qiuyue Wang, Kevin C Kain, Ran Wang","doi":"10.1371/journal.pntd.0012972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0012972","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>γδ T cells are a unique subset of unconventional T cells and an important component of the innate immune system. Unlike conventional αβ T cells, γδ T cells can respond rapidly during the early stages of infection, and their antigen recognition is not restricted by MHC molecules. These distinctive features underscore the important role of γδ T cells in viral clearance and infection control. Therefore, γδ T cell-based immunotherapies have been extensively explored for the treatment of a variety of diseases, including viral infections and cancers. Several therapeutic strategies based on γδ T cells have advanced to clinical trials, demonstrating promising safety and efficacy. Currently, there are no effective treatments for flavivirus infections, which are typically characterized by acute onset. Research has shown that γδ T cells can rapidly expand during the early phases of flavivirus infections and effectively suppress viral replication, making them an attractive target for the development of novel therapies for flavivirus infections. This review aims to highlight the immunological roles of γδ T cells in flavivirus infections and to explore the potential of γδ T cell-based therapeutic strategies for the prevention and treatment of these infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":49000,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases","volume":"19 4","pages":"e0012972"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12005506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144027513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mass drug administration coverage and its determinants for the elimination of onchocerciasis in Ulanga District, Tanzania.","authors":"Ambakisye Kuyokwa Mhiche, Dinah Gasarasi, George Kabona, Ally Hussein, Upendo John Mwingira, Ahmed Mohamed Abade","doi":"10.1371/journal.pntd.0012219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0012219","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Onchocerciasis remains an important public health problem targeted for elimination in Tanzania. Ulanga District was hyperendemic for onchocerciasis before the intervention, underscoring the need for particularly high coverage in MDA efforts. The district has been implementing MDA through Community Directed Treatment with Ivermectin (CDTI) strategy since 1998. However, there is preliminary evidence of persistent onchocerciasis transmission, which likely sustains the observed high prevalence of Onchocerciasis in both human and vector species. This could be linked to poor treatment coverage. This study was conducted to assess treatment coverage and explore factors that determine drug uptake during MDA program.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A cross-sectional study was conducted in Ulanga District, Morogoro, Tanzania, from April to June 2019. Using multistage cluster sampling, 502 participants were randomly selected and interviewed through a structured questionnaire. Modified Poisson regression analysis was used to identify independent factors affecting MDA uptake.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The overall response rate was 96% with majority (67%) of respondents being females, and the mean age of the study participants was 37.8 years with a standard deviation (SD) of ± 15 years. The study found that MDA coverage varied across villages: Mawasiliano (68%, CI: 59.3 - 75.6), Uponera (83%, CI; 76.6 - 89.6), Isongo (84.8%, CI: 77.3 - 90.1) and Togo (79%, CI: 70.1 - 85.8). While Uponera and Isongo achieved the WHO-recommended 80% coverage for transmission interruption, Mawasiliano and Togo fell below this threshold. Age significantly influenced drug uptake, with younger individuals (15-24 years) having a lower uptake rate [APR = 2.8, p = 0.008], followed by the 25-34 age group [APR = 2.3, p = 0.04]. Occupation also played a role, as small and medium enterprise (SME) workers [APR = 3.2, p = 0.05] and students [APR = 2.9, p = 0.05] were less likely to participate. Residence duration in the village was a strong predictor of MDA uptake. Individuals living in the village for more than a year were significantly more likely to participate [APR = 2.3, p = 0.00]. Additionally, a lack of awareness about MDA benefits negatively impacted participation, as those uncertain about its benefits were less likely to take the drug [APR = 2.5, p = 0.03]. Similarly, individuals unaware of the correct MDA distribution schedule had lower uptake [APR = 2.5, p = 0.03]. However, those who took Ivermectin for prevention purposes were significantly more likely to participate [APR = 13.4, p = 0.001].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;MDA coverage below the WHO optimally recommended coverage has been demonstrated in the villages studied. This implies low drug uptake, delayed interruption of transmission and Onchocerciasis elimination. The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to improve MDA coverage by focusing on younger individuals, ","PeriodicalId":49000,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases","volume":"19 4","pages":"e0012219"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The burden of out-of-pocket and indirect costs of cutaneous leishmaniasis patients in Minas Gerais, Brazil.","authors":"Sarah Nascimento Silva, Endi Lanza Galvão, Janaína de Pina Carvalho, Mayra Soares Moreira, Tália Santana Machado de Assis, Glaucia Cota","doi":"10.1371/journal.pntd.0013020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0013020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Healthcare expenses represent a proportionally greater burden for the poorest populations, which further exacerbates the negative impact of the disease on the individual's quality of life and productivity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to identify the direct and indirect costs during the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) from the patients' perspective and examine factors influencing the costs burden among CL patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective cost analysis was conducted between April 2022 and April 2023 through interviews with patients with a confirmed diagnosis of CL. Direct costs were estimated using the micro-costing approach, and indirect costs using the human capital method. Descriptive analyses and hypothesis tests were conducted for associations between costs and sociodemographic and clinical variables, with a significance level of 5%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 68 patients, predominantly male (77.9%) with an average age of 53 years. Cutaneous leishmaniasis was the most common clinical form (76.4%), with new cases accounting for 79.4% of participants. Patients averaged 3.5 outpatient visits per CL treatment cycle, with miltefosine and intravenous meglumine antimoniate being the most prescribed therapies. Direct costs per treatment cycle averaged USD 117.36, attributed to transportation, food, and medical exams. Indirect costs from lost workdays amounted to USD 9,936.58, with an average of USD 160.12 per patient. Catastrophic expenditure (>10% of monthly income) was observed in 42.6% of families, significantly associated with direct cost, bacterial infection, and sociodemographic factors such as gender, age, and distance traveled.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study underscores the substantial economic burden of CL treatment on patients, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to mitigate financial hardship, particularly among vulnerable socioeconomic groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":49000,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases","volume":"19 4","pages":"e0013020"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144038730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host population dynamics influence Leptospira spp. transmission patterns among Rattus norvegicus in Boston, Massachusetts, US.","authors":"Nathan E Stone, Camila Hamond, Joel R Clegg, Ryelan F McDonough, Reanna M Bourgeois, Rebecca Ballard, Natalie B Thornton, Marianece Nuttall, Hannah Hertzel, Tammy Anderson, Ryann N Whealy, Skylar Timm, Alexander K Roberts, Verónica Barragán, Wanda Phipatanakul, Jessica H Leibler, Hayley Benson, Aubrey Specht, Ruairi White, Karen LeCount, Tara N Furstenau, Renee L Galloway, Nichola J Hill, Joseph D Madison, Viacheslav Y Fofanov, Talima Pearson, Jason W Sahl, Joseph D Busch, Zachary Weiner, Jarlath E Nally, David M Wagner, Marieke H Rosenbaum","doi":"10.1371/journal.pntd.0012966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0012966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leptospirosis (caused by pathogenic bacteria in the genus Leptospira) is prevalent worldwide but more common in tropical and subtropical regions. Transmission can occur following direct exposure to infected urine from reservoir hosts, or a urine-contaminated environment, which then can serve as an infection source for additional rats and other mammals, including humans. The brown rat, Rattus norvegicus, is an important reservoir of Leptospira spp. in urban settings. We investigated the presence of Leptospira spp. among brown rats in Boston, Massachusetts and hypothesized that rat population dynamics in this urban setting influence the transportation, persistence, and diversity of Leptospira spp. We analyzed DNA from 328 rat kidney samples collected from 17 sites in Boston over a seven-year period (2016-2022); 59 rats representing 12 of 17 sites were positive for Leptospira spp. We used 21 neutral microsatellite loci to genotype 311 rats and utilized the resulting data to investigate genetic connectivity among sampling sites. We generated whole genome sequences for 28 Leptospira spp. isolates obtained from frozen and fresh tissue from some of the 59 positive rat kidneys. When isolates were not obtained, we attempted genomic DNA capture and enrichment, which yielded 14 additional Leptospira spp. genomes from rats. We also generated an enriched Leptospira spp. genome from a 2018 human case in Boston. We found evidence of high genetic structure among rat populations that is likely influenced by major roads and/or other dispersal barriers, resulting in distinct rat population groups within the city; at certain sites these groups persisted for multiple years. We identified multiple distinct phylogenetic clades of L. interrogans among rats that were tightly linked to distinct rat populations. This pattern suggests L. interrogans persists in local rat populations and its transportation is influenced by rat population dynamics. Finally, our genomic analyses of the Leptospira spp. detected in the 2018 human leptospirosis case in Boston suggests a link to rats as the source. These findings will be useful for guiding rat control and human leptospirosis mitigation efforts in this and other similar urban settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":49000,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases","volume":"19 4","pages":"e0012966"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144027510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of host mobility in the transmission and spread of Echinococcus granulosus: A Chile-based mathematical modeling approach.","authors":"Richard Lagos, Juan Pablo Gutiérrez-Jara, Beatriz Cancino-Faure, Leidy Yissedt Lara-Díaz, Aníbal Coronel","doi":"10.1371/journal.pntd.0012948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0012948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper explores, as a proof-of-concept, the impact of definitive and intermediate host mobility on the transmission and spread of cystic echinococcosis by characterizing disease dynamics using three classical epidemic models: S-E-I-R for the accidental intermediate host, S-E-I for the habitual intermediate host, and S-I-S for the definitive host. The simulations revealed a significant relationship between the mobility of dogs and the increase in infected sheep. Specifically, for each infected dog, there were twice as many infected sheep as in a situation where mobility was not a factor. The initial conditions took into account that the prevalence of the disease in dogs is higher in rural areas than in peri-urban areas, as has been observed in the Magallanes region of Chile. The results of the simulations suggest that mobility can have a role in the propagation of the disease in humans. Furthermore, the sensitivity index on [Formula: see text] indicates that a 10% reduction in the average time spent by peri-urban dogs in urban and rural areas could result in a decrease of approximately 1% in [Formula: see text] In conclusion, including the host mobility factor allows us to observe that, in general, the number of infected in the domestic cycle of the disease increases, i.e., our mathematical model provides valuable information on the impact of host mobility on the transmission and spread of cystic echinococcosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":49000,"journal":{"name":"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases","volume":"19 4","pages":"e0012948"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11996221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143994091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}