Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of Type, Dose, and Duration of Prebiopsy Corticosteroids Use on Histomorphology and Immunohistochemical Stains in B-Cell Lymphoma: A Case-Control Study to Highlight the \"Atypical\" Cytoplasmic and Extra-Cellular Granular Staining Pattern of CD20.","authors":"Kritika Krishnamurthy, Xing Li, Jui Choudhuri, Yang Shi, Yanhua Wang","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000001252","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000001252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large/aggressive B-cell lymphomas are diverse both in terms of clinical presentations and treatment response. Diagnostic pathologic evaluation typically begins with a CD20/CD3 immunohistochemical panel. Prebiopsy steroid treatment has been reported to delay diagnosis and subsequent treatment due to altering histomorphology and immunohistochemical staining patterns. This study investigates the impact of prebiopsy steroid use on morphology and immunohistochemical staining patterns in large B cell lymphoma and/or mature B cell lymphomas with high Ki67 expression. Fourteen cases of B cell lymphoma treated with prebiopsy steroids and 13 cases of treatment-naive large B cell lymphoma and/or mature B cell lymphomas with high Ki67 expression were included in this study. Clinicopathological parameters, including type, dose, and route of steroid administration, were documented. Histopathologic slides from both groups were examined to assess morphology and immunohistochemical staining patterns. Morphologically significant effects attributable to steroid administration included significant histiocytic infiltrate and lack of diffuse pattern of infiltration of the lymphoma cells. The CD20 staining pattern, characterized by cytoplasmic/granular distribution and extracellular spillage, showed a statistically significant increase in the steroid group compared with the control group ( P =0.011). This alteration was more prevalent among patients treated with intravenous dexamethasone, high-dose corticosteroids over a short term, and with shorter dosing intervals. Prebiopsy corticosteroid administration induces changes in histomorphology and immunohistochemical staining patterns, particularly affecting CD20, thereby posing diagnostic challenges. The extent of these effects varies depending on the type, route, dosage, and duration of steroid administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":48952,"journal":{"name":"Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology","volume":" ","pages":"164-169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunohistochemical Expression of PAX8 in Central Nervous System Hemangioblastomas: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall for Neuropathologists.","authors":"Giuseppe Broggi, Jessica Farina, Valeria Barresi, Francesco Certo, Giuseppe Maria Vincenzo Barbagallo, Gaetano Magro, Rosario Caltabiano","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000001246","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000001246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The histologic differential diagnosis between intracranial hemangioblastoma (HB) and metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma may be challenging, especially considering that both tumors exhibit clear cell morphology and can be associated with vHL mutation and/or Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome. As the execution of immunohistochemical analyses is often mandatory, the expression of PAX8 has been traditionally considered a reliable marker of metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma, being consistently negative in intracranial HB. However, as in recent years, some cases of PAX8-positive HBs have been reported in the literature; we studied the expression of this antibody on a series of 23 intracranial HB, showing that about 40% of these tumors may express PAX8 and that this immunoreactivity is often focal and weak. We would like to emphasize that the possibility of a PAX8-positive intracranial HB does exist and must be taken into account by neuropathologists to avoid misdiagnoses; in this regard, a broader immunohistochemical panel also including CD10, Inhibin-α, PAX2, S100, and anti-Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) antibody is highly recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":48952,"journal":{"name":"Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology","volume":" ","pages":"160-163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12043255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coilin Is Not Expressed by Immunohistochemistry in Hodgkin and Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphomas.","authors":"Georgia Karpathiou, Mousa Mobarki, Shaqraa Musawi, Alexandra Papoudou-Bai, Michel Péoc'h","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000001259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAI.0000000000001259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coilin is the signature protein of Cajal bodies (CBs), membrane-less organelles probably acting as sites for post-transcriptional RNA modification. Recent data suggest that coilin may be a regulator of the NF-kB activity, and Hodgkin lymphomas are hallmarks of neoplasms with NF-kB dysregulation. To the best of our knowledge, the immunohistochemical expression of coilin has been never investigated in Hodgkin lymphomas. We herein examined, by immunohistochemistry, full tissue sections of 58 classical Hodgkin lymphomas diagnosed in 31 male and 27 female patients and found that none of the cases expressed coilin. We compared these findings with Coilin expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL), where the marker was also negative. This finding represents the first data on coilin in lymphomas and prompts further studies to explore this downregulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48952,"journal":{"name":"Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TAGLN2-mediated Actin Cytoskeleton Stabilization Promotes Proliferation and Metastasis of Ovarian Carcinoma.","authors":"Xiaoxiao Qiu, Mengting Jiang, Haiyan Qu, Lin Kong, Zhihong Chai","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000001261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAI.0000000000001261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transgelin-2 (TAGLN2) is an actin-binding protein associated with tumor progression, particularly in gastric and brain tumors. However, its role in ovarian cancer metastasis is still not fully understood. This study investigated the role of TAGLN2 and its potential mechanism in ovarian cancer metastasis. TAGLN2 expression in ovarian cancer and normal tissues was assessed using Oncomine, Human Protein Atlas (HPA), and immunocytochemistry (IHC). Skov3 cells with TAGLN2 knockdown (transient knockdown of TAGLN2 of homo TAGLN2 was performed using specific small interfering RNAs), and Skov3 cells transfected with scrambled siRNAs (negative control group) were subjected to colony formation and wound healing assays to assess cell proliferation and migration in vitro. RT-PCR and western blot were used to assess TAGLN2 mRNA and protein expression; immunofluorescence staining was used to investigate the TAGLN2 impact on the cytoskeletal organization. Elevated TAGLN2 levels were observed in ovarian cancer compared with normal tissues, which was confirmed by IHC of a tissue microarray containing 65 ovarian tumor samples. TAGLN2 knockdown reduced cell proliferation and migration in vitro. Also, TAGLN2 was found to co-localize with F-actin; the knockdown of TAGLN2 impaired cytoskeletal organization, emphasizing its influence on cellular structures. In summary, TAGLN2, highly expressed in ovarian cancer, promotes migration and proliferation through cytoskeletal reorganization; thus, it may be a new therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":48952,"journal":{"name":"Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144048050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"P53 Puzzle: WWP1 and PARC Immunohistochemistry Illuminate New Pathways for Serous Ovarian Cancer.","authors":"Elif Ozsagir, Mustafa E Ercin, Figen Celep Eyuboglu, Mehmet A Osmanagaoglu","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000001260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAI.0000000000001260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High-grade serous carcinoma is categorized based on p53 mutation status. A relationship is known to exist between p53 mutations and p53 immunoexpression patterns, including overexpression, complete absence, cytoplasmic, and wild-type patterns. The ubiquitin ligases WWP1 and PARC, known to regulate p53 activation, are hypothesized to influence the pathogenesis of serous ovarian tumors. This retrospective study examined 7 low-grade serous carcinomas, 38 high-grade serous carcinomas, and 15 serous cystadenomas, with immunohistochemical analyses performed for WWP1, PARC, and p53. High-grade serous carcinoma cases were classified into wild-type, cytoplasmic, complete absence, or overexpression categories based on p53 immunohistochemistry. PARC and WWP1 expressions were compared across p53 categories and diagnoses. Results showed a statistically significant reduction in WWP1 and PARC expression in serous carcinomas, with the most pronounced loss observed in high-grade cases. Among morphologically classified high-grade carcinomas, 17 overexpression, 11 complete absence, 6 wild-type, and 4 cytoplasmic p53 cases were identified. A statistically significant relationship was found between PARC, WWP1, and p53 status. Higher expression levels of PARC and WWP1 were detected in p53 wild-type cases, whereas lower expression levels were associated with cases exhibiting p53 overexpression and complete absence. This study suggests that PARC and WWP1 play a role in the pathogenesis of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma, potentially mediated by p53, making them promising targets for treatment and prognostic markers in serous ovarian cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":48952,"journal":{"name":"Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144043339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smooth Muscle Myosin Heavy Chain Expression in Nodal and Extranodal Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma.","authors":"Justin T Kelley, Haley M Amoth, Nicolas Lopez-Hisijos, Steven Hrycaj, Riccardo Valdez, Douglas Rottmann","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000001241","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000001241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) is a rare neoplasm requiring a high index of suspicion, especially on small biopsies. Smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMMHC) is a common immunohistochemical (IHC) stain that has been reported to mark normal nodal follicular dendritic cells (FDCs). We hypothesize that SMMHC can be a sensitive marker for FDCS and aim to compare its performance with established markers of FDCS. The archive of a large academic center was searched for cases of FDCS. Clinical features, including age, sex, and site at diagnosis, were reviewed. A hematoxylin and eosin-stained slide was evaluated to assess for morphology and presence of hyaline vascular Castleman disease. The established FDC markers CD21, CD23, fascin, clusterin, and D2-40 were reviewed and compared with SMMHC for all cases. The staining pattern was classified as positive (strong or weak) or negative. Seven unique cases of nodal and extranodal FDCS were collected. SMMHC was positive in most cases (n=5) and performed similarly to established FDC markers, including clusterin, CD21, and CD23 (n=7 each), and fascin and D2-40 (n=4 each). SMMHC was also negative in all 14 examined cases among 5 common differential diagnoses. We demonstrate that the common IHC marker SMMHC has high specificity and similar sensitivity as established FDC markers in nodal and extranodal FDCS, and is useful in the evaluation of common neoplastic mimics.</p>","PeriodicalId":48952,"journal":{"name":"Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology","volume":" ","pages":"103-110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11867802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TP53 Alterations Are an Independent Adverse Prognostic Indicator in Pseudomyxoma Peritonei of Appendiceal Origin Following Cytoreductive Surgery and Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy.","authors":"Nuha Shaker, Jon Davison, Joshua Derby, Ibrahim Abukhiran, Akila Mansour, Matthew Holtzman, Haroon Choudry, Reetesh K Pai","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000001245","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000001245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Histologic grade is a key predictor for pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) of appendiceal origin that is used to guide clinical management. However, some tumors demonstrate disease behavior that deviates from their histologic grade. A recent study suggested that TP53, GNAS , and RAS mutation analysis could stratify tumors into distinct molecular groups with different prognosis. We investigated molecular alterations in 114 patients with PMP of appendiceal origin who were uniformly treated with cytoreductive surgery with intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS+IPCT). Tumors were separated into 4 groups based on their predominant genomic alteration: RAS -mut, GNAS -mut, TP53 -mut, and triple-negative ( RAS/GNAS/TP53 -wildtype). The results were correlated with World Health Organization (WHO) grade, peritoneal carcinomatosis index (PCI), completeness of cytoreduction (CC) score, and overall survival (OS) from the time of CRS+IPCT using multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis. Fifty percent of TP53 -mut were WHO grade 3 compared with 38% triple-negative, 10% RAS -mut, and 7% GNAS -mut tumors ( P <0.001). The TP53 -mut group exhibited a significantly reduced OS compared with other groups ( P <0.001). No significant OS difference was identified between RAS -mut, GNAS -mut, and triple-negative groups ( P >0.05). In grade 3 PMP, TP53 -mut was significantly associated with reduced OS ( P =0.002). In the multivariate analysis for OS after CRS+IPCT, TP53 -mut [hazard ratio (HR) 3.23, P =0.004] and WHO grade (grade 2 HR 2.73, P =0.03 and grade 3 HR 5.67, P <0.001) were the only independent predictors of survival. Our results suggest that, in addition to tumor grade, TP53 status may help to provide a more patient-centered approach in guiding therapy in PMP.</p>","PeriodicalId":48952,"journal":{"name":"Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology","volume":" ","pages":"70-77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship of PRAME Expression with Clinicopathologic Parameters and Immunologic Markers in Melanomas: In Silico Analysis.","authors":"Yasemin Cakir, Banu Lebe","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000001242","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000001242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PRAME is a cancer testis antigen whose expression is limited in normal tissues but is increased in cancers. Although there are studies revealing its oncogenic and immunogenic role, the relationship between PRAME expression and immunity in melanomas is not very clear. We aimed to reveal the relationship between PRAME expression and clinicopathologic parameters, immunologic markers, survival in melanomas. PRAME alteration data in TCGA SKCM data set was obtained from cBioPortal. Analyzes regarding clinicopathologic parameters were performed through cBioPortal and UALCAN, survival-related analyzes were performed through cBioPortal, GEPIA2. The correlation analyzes between PRAME expression and immune cell infiltration, immunity-related genes were performed in TIMER2.0, TISIDB, GEPIA2. PRAME protein-protein interaction network was constructed in STRING. The correlated genes with PRAME were listed in LinkedOmics, gene set enrichment and pathway analyses were performed through LinkInterpreter. In cases with low PRAME expression, there was a higher frequency of metastasis and p53 mutation, a more advanced tumor stage and a lower nodal stage. Strong relationship between PRAME expression and immune cell infiltration. A negative correlation was detected between expression of PRAME and many immunomodulatory genes ( P <0.05). Positively correlated genes with PRAME expression were involved in metabolic pathways; negatively correlated genes were involved in pathways related to cell differentiation, immunologic processes. No significant relationship was found between PRAME expression and survival ( P >0.05). Our findings reveal a strong interaction between PRAME expression and tumorigenicity, the immune system and shed light on further clinical studies including PRAME -targeted studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48952,"journal":{"name":"Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology","volume":" ","pages":"117-130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Microscopes to Milestones: Leveraging Social Media to Transform Pathology Scholarship.","authors":"Katrina Collins","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000001244","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000001244","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48952,"journal":{"name":"Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology","volume":" ","pages":"59-60"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overexpression of MAGE-A2 is Related to the Malignant Degree and Progression of Disease in Patients With Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.","authors":"Monireh Mohsenzadegan, Fahimeh Fattahi, Elham Kalantari, Maryam Abolhasani, Zahra Madjd, Leili Saeednejad Zanjani","doi":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000001243","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAI.0000000000001243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Melanoma antigen gene-A2 (MAGE-A2) is one of the most cancer-testis antigens overexpressed in a variety of malignancies. However, the expression of MAGE-A2 for clinical values in the pathophysiology of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is unknown. For the first time, the present study was conducted to examine the expression and prognostic significance of MAGE-A2 expression in clear cell RCC (ccRCC). MAGE-A2 expression was assayed in 162 well-defined ccRCC samples using immunohistochemistry staining on tissue microarrays. The association between MAGE-A2 expression and clinic-pathologic features as well as survival outcomes were then performed. A significant and positive correlation was found between cytoplasmic expression of MAGE-A2 with tumor size ( P =0.008), nucleolar grade ( P =0.001), tumor stage ( P =0.001), microvascular invasion ( P =0.001), invasion to renal pelvis ( P =0.032), renal sinus fat ( P =0.004), and Gerota's fascia ( P =0.028) as well as histologic tumor necrosis ( P <0.0001). Increased expression of MAGE-A2 was observed to be associated with shorter progression-free survival (PFS) compared with patients with low expression of MAGE-A2 ( P =0.032). Multivariate analysis revealed that tumor size and nucleolar grade are independent predictors of the PFS ( P =0.054, P =0.032, respectively). Our results indicated that increased cytoplasmic expression of MAGE-A2 is associated with the malignant degree and progression of ccRCC. This data improved the significance of MAGE-A2 expression and will potentially allow using MAGE-A2 for the prognosis of the disease and immunotherapy in patients with ccRCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":48952,"journal":{"name":"Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology","volume":" ","pages":"78-90"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}