{"title":"Psychological Risk Assessment with Hamilton Scales Among Menopausal Women in Chennai, South India","authors":"None Logeswari, Minthami Sharon, None Balaji, Angeline Grace G, Sujitha Pandian","doi":"10.55489/njcm.141020233347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.141020233347","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Menopausal women must undergo routine mental health screenings to ensure their best mental health. This study was designed to evaluate the mental health of women going through menopause, and to associate sociodemographic and clinical factors with mental health impairment. Methodology: In this cross - sectional study, 200 menopausal women were included after getting informed consent. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaire, Hamilton Scales for Anxiety and Depression and analysis was done using SPS software. Results: The mean age of the postmenopausal women in the study was 49.5 years. Nearly 28% of women had complete high school education and 11% were graduates. About 13% of the participants were engaged in semi-professional work, 13% in unskilled work and 8.5% in clerical jobs. The factors which were found to have a statistically significant association with mental health (p<0.05) were age at menopause, education, occupation and duration of menopause. Conclusion: Numerous initiatives including regular yoga sessions, creation of self-help groups, and the provision of calcium, iron and vitamins can aid in lowering postmenopausal women's psychological stress. This can enhance their ability to cope with menopause and its effects. With the use of information, education, and communication (IEC) efforts, the community must be made aware of menopause.","PeriodicalId":489477,"journal":{"name":"National journal of community medicine","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135406692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"It’s Time to Invest in Geriatric Nutrition: A Systematic Review","authors":"Ruchita Khandre, Shraddha Kulkarni, Abhishek Raut, Sophiya Kalaimaran","doi":"10.55489/njcm.141020233172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.141020233172","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Nutrition in the elderly can affect immunity as well as functional abilities, making it a significant domain in this age group. Objective: The current study is designed with the objective of highlighting nutritional problems and their association with different factors among the elderly in India. Methods: The literature search was conducted using PubMed, Medline, PubMed Central, and citation tracing, which provide access to full-text research articles published during the last 15 years. Result: A total of 1040 studies were identified, and 19 studies were included in the review. Lifestyle (inadequate intake of food, including vegetables and fruits), somatic (presence of comorbidity, more than three medication uses, psychological stress, chewing problems), functional (ADL/IADL dependency), and social (low socio-economic status, low education, single living, unemployment, older age) risk factors were found to be associated with malnutrition among the elderly in India. Conclusion: The burden of malnutrition and ‘at risk of malnutrition’ is very high, which may cover more than half of the elderly population and affect their quality of life. A multi-disciplinary approach, including nutritional screening, early diagnosis and treatment, and interventional dietary approaches, should be planned with sustainability assurance to ensure their healthy ageing.","PeriodicalId":489477,"journal":{"name":"National journal of community medicine","volume":"239 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135406813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lavanya Sekhar, Ashwin Kumar N, Vidhya Venugopal, Santhanam R, Priscilla Johnson
{"title":"Effect of Volatile Organic Compounds on the Neurobehavioral Functions of Painters in Chennai, Tamilnadu: A Cross Sectional Study","authors":"Lavanya Sekhar, Ashwin Kumar N, Vidhya Venugopal, Santhanam R, Priscilla Johnson","doi":"10.55489/njcm.141020233308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.141020233308","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Paints are a major source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) among painters. Limited information is available on neurobehavioral effect of long-term exposure to VOCs among painters working in unorganised industrial sectors such as construction site. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the neurobehavioral impact of long-term exposure to VOCs among construction painters. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among male painters in Chennai. VOC exposure index was calculated using questionnaire as well as personal exposure monitors. Neurobehavioral tests including hand dexterity, auditory (ART) and visual reaction time (VRT) were used to assess motor coordination, fine motor activity, focused attention, and psychomotor speed. Results: Prevalence of prolonged ART and VRT in painters was 69% and 73%, respectively and 65% exhibited reduced hand dexterity. Hand dexterity had mild negative correlation (r = -0.3, p = 0.01) with VOC exposure index and work experience (r = -0.3, p = 0.02), whereas VRT had mild positive correlation (r = 0.3, p = 0.01) with VOC exposure index. Independent t-test showed a significant decrease in motor coordination with higher VOC exposure index (≤ 18.5*103 ppm-hrs = 60.1 ±10.1, >18.5*103 ppm-hrs = 53.3 ±12.3, p=0.03) and increase in work experience (≤ 10 years = 58.8 ±11.6, >10years = 52.5 ±11.5, p=0.05). Conclusion: Neurobehavioral functions gradually decline with VOC exposure in painters working in unorganized sectors indicating a need to create awareness among the public and workers in unorganized sectors about the organic solvent-induced neurobehavioral changes.","PeriodicalId":489477,"journal":{"name":"National journal of community medicine","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135409023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sudharsan V, Prateeksha Dawn Davidson, Lakshmi Kandhan V, None Amudha VP, Rita Hepsi Rani M
{"title":"Development and Validation of a Screening Tool for The Identification of Refractive Errors Among School Going Children In Tamil Nadu, India","authors":"Sudharsan V, Prateeksha Dawn Davidson, Lakshmi Kandhan V, None Amudha VP, Rita Hepsi Rani M","doi":"10.55489/njcm.140920232751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.140920232751","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The inability to focus light onto the retina, known as refractive error, is a significant cause of correctable visual impairment. Unfortunately, students' ocular complaints often go unnoticed due to a lack of awareness. To address this issue, a questionnaire with high sensitivity and reasonable specificity was developed for teachers to identify students with refractive error. Methods: A questionnaire with surrogate indicators for refractive error in children was used and the data was analysed using SPSS. Significant markers were scored and a ROC curve determined a suitable cut-off. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated based on this cut-off. Results: The questionnaire was developed using five variables that had a 65% probability of identifying refractive error, including copying errors, copying from peers, eye squeezing, previous use of glasses, and eye deviation. A cut-off score of 5.5 out of 14 achieved 90% sensitivity and 50% specificity in detecting refractive errors. Conclusion: This study created a tool with five markers that demonstrated good internal consistency and content validity, it had an average sensitivity and specificity of 84% and 63%, respectively. The tool is twice as likely to identify someone with refractive error than someone without it.","PeriodicalId":489477,"journal":{"name":"National journal of community medicine","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135048102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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