German Journal of Agricultural Economics最新文献

{"title":"The Effect of Maximum Residue Limits on Agri-Food Trade: Evidence from Chinese Exports to the EU","authors":"Dongpo Jiang, Xia Li, Ruiqiang Sun, Qi Li","doi":"10.30430/gjae.2023.0328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30430/gjae.2023.0328","url":null,"abstract":"There is debate about whether maximum residue limits (MRLs) for pesticides act as a catalyst or barrier to trade. By constructing a trade model based on heterogeneous firm quality and productivity, we show that MRLs’ net effects on total export value, the number of exporting firms, and the average export value per firm depend on the interplay between the effect on import demand and that on variable and fixed compliance costs. We employ firm-level transaction data for agri-food products exported from China to the European Union (EU). We use heterogeneity indices that combine the number and level of MRLs to measure MRL stringency between China and the EU; a Poisson pseudo-maximum-likelihood estimator with fixed effects is used for estimation. We find that stricter MRLs, whether imposed by China or the EU, promote China’s agri-food exports to the EU. However, such promotion effects are heterogeneous across agri-food-exporting firms. In China, updates to MRL standards improve agri-food-exporting firms’ ability to comply with stricter MRLs. Public investment and services help reduce compliance costs. Our findings provide new evidence that MRLs are not new non-tariff measures adopted to replace reduced import tariffs.","PeriodicalId":48919,"journal":{"name":"German Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"4 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139266359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use Cases of the Integrated Administration and Control System’s Plot-Level Data: Protocol and Pilot Analysis for a Systematic Mapping Review","authors":"Heidi Leonhardt, Silke Hüttel, Tobia Lakes, Maximilian Wesemeyer, Saskia Wolff","doi":"10.30430/gjae.2023.0385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30430/gjae.2023.0385","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, land use data from the EU’s Integrated Administration and Control System (IACS) have become increasingly available for research purposes. IACS data contain annual plot-level information on cultivation and location of the land farmed by agricultural beneficiaries, covering the majority of farmland in the EU. The data thus provide information on land use that is spatially and temporally highly disaggregated. Researchers from a broad range of disciplines already rely on IACS data for various applications and EU member states must make an anonymised, geospatially-referenced version of the data publicly available in the future. However, there is no complete and structured overview of the data’s use, their benefits and limitations that future research could rely on. This calls for conducting a systematic review of the applications of IACS plot-level data in scientific literature. Preparing the ground for such a review, this paper presents a review protocol for identifying and analysing publications using plot-level IACS data from Austria, Czechia, France, Germany, and Sweden in a systematic map. To test and refine the protocol and to illustrate the planned review, we conduct a pilot analysis of 12 selected academic publications and present the results. The pilot analysis demonstrates that the review protocol is adequate and that novel insights will be gained by mapping out the already existing work that uses IACS data.","PeriodicalId":48919,"journal":{"name":"German Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"22 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135461949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Trans-Theoretical Model for Farmers’ perceived Usefulness of Digital Risk Management Tools – A Case Study from Germany","authors":"Julia B. Block, Marius Michels, Oliver Mußhoff","doi":"10.30430/gjae.2023.0330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30430/gjae.2023.0330","url":null,"abstract":"Digital risk management tools (RMTs) are promising to help farmers manage risk. However, these recently developed tools are still unexplored and hardly used by farmers. This study is the first to investigate how German farmers perceive the usefulness of digital RMTs and which factors influence them. A novel modification of the trans-theoretical model was made to determine farmers’ perceived usefulness gradually. The regression results show that, on average, farmers perceive digital RMTs as potentially useful. Perceptions are positively influenced by a higher level of education, full-time employment on the farm, use of mobile devices and a higher perceived importance of digital tools. The study contributes to the literature by investigating the extent to which farmers are willing to accept the combination of digitisation and risk management. The results are of interest to policy makers involved in digital agriculture and to agricultural tool providers, as they offer first insights into farmers’ acceptance of digital RMTs. Researchers benefit from the successfully applied trans-theoretical model fitting.","PeriodicalId":48919,"journal":{"name":"German Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135252196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Agricultural Extension, Pest and Disease Experience, and Adoption of Improved Wheat Varieties","authors":"Xin Wang, Yanping Song, Wei Huang","doi":"10.30430/gjae.2023.0350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30430/gjae.2023.0350","url":null,"abstract":"Improved varieties are considered critical for increasing crop yields worldwide. This study explored the effects of public agricultural extension and pest and disease experience on adoption of improved varieties using survey data on 525 wheat farmers in Anhui Province, China, to which the Heckman sample selection model was applied. The results showed that public agricultural extension had a significant positive relationship with adoption of improved varieties. Demonstration and training, as different forms of agricultural extension, both increased the probability of farmers adopting improved varieties, but only demonstration had a marked effect on degree of adoption. Pest and disease experience increased the probability of adoption of improved varieties by farmers and significantly enhanced the effect of public agricultural extension, but did not affect degree of adoption. Further analysis using an endogenous switching regression model revealed that adoption of improved varieties raised wheat yields by around 337.83 kg/ha. Public agricultural extension should thus be strengthened, especially for farmers with pest and disease experience, and a diversified, well-functioning agricultural extension system should be provided.","PeriodicalId":48919,"journal":{"name":"German Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135621576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The National and Regional Impact of the EU Bioeconomy Strategies on the Agri-Food Sector: Insights from Germany","authors":"Y. Jafari, Linmei Shang, A. Kuhn, T. Heckelei","doi":"10.30430/gjae.2023.0274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30430/gjae.2023.0274","url":null,"abstract":"The bioeconomy strategy of the European Union aims to balance three distinct goals: food security, the sustainable use of renewable resources for industrial purposes, and environmental protection. This study uses an integrated computable general equilibrium model to simulate the impacts of selected elements of the EU bioeconomy strategy on German agriculture at national and regional level up to 2050. An improved productivity of the crop sector substantially increases production and export/import ratio of crop outputs and reduces crop prices, while only moderately expanding cropland. The improved crop productivity would help to reduce the competition for resources between non-food and food biomass use as well as between crop and livestock production. An increasing conversion efficiency of agricultural biomass for use in biorefineries alone is unlikely to have a significant impact on the German bioeconomy. Overall, the results suggest the need for further efforts to improve crop productivity and effective complementary measures supporting the development of transformative technologies and changes in consumer preferences to ensure a minimum level of biomass use in the chemical sector.","PeriodicalId":48919,"journal":{"name":"German Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77760045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen Surplus Displays a Spurious Environmental Kuznets Curve in Germany","authors":"Bente Castro Campos, M. Petrick","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.315111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.315111","url":null,"abstract":"We examine the relationship between nitrogen surplus per hectare and the median monthly wage per capita considering the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) theory. The EKC hypothesizes an inverse U-shape relationship between environmental pollution and per capita income. We use a novel panel data set for nitrogen surplus as an environmental pollutant and a measure of the median monthly wage per capita during the period from 1999 to 2018 for 401 counties in Germany. Our estimation results show that nitrogen surplus displays a spurious EKC in Germany. It is spurious because the inverse U-shape relationship of nitrogen surplus and median wage is rejected by almost all model specifications and by tracing of individual county paths. This implies that in Germany economic growth has not cleaned up the environmental damage from nitrogen surplus. The affected counties remain in a spatial cluster (shown with the individual county paths) that they cannot break out of in the course of the EKC, at least not without political intervention.","PeriodicalId":48919,"journal":{"name":"German Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74046482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen Surplus Displays a Spurious Environmental Kuznets Curve in Germany","authors":"Bente Castro Campos, Martin Petrick","doi":"10.30430/gjae.2023.0241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30430/gjae.2023.0241","url":null,"abstract":"We examine the relationship between nitrogen surplus per hectare and the median monthly wage per capita considering the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) theory. The EKC hypothesizes an inverse U-shape relationship between environmental pollution and per capita income. We use a novel panel data set for nitrogen surplus as an environmental pollutant and a measure of the median monthly wage per capita during the period from 1999 to 2018 for 401 counties in Germany. Our estimation results show that nitrogen surplus displays a spurious EKC in Germany. It is spurious because the inverse U-shape relationship of nitrogen surplus and median wage is rejected by almost all model specifications and by tracing of individual county paths. This implies that in Germany economic growth has not cleaned up the environmental damage from nitrogen surplus. The affected counties remain in a spatial cluster (shown with the individual county paths) that they cannot break out of in the course of the EKC, at least not without political intervention.","PeriodicalId":48919,"journal":{"name":"German Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135140307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic and Agronomic Impacts of Agrivoltaics on Arable Land Use at the Example of the Stuttgart Region","authors":"Christian Sponagel, A. Feuerbacher, Dan Bendel, T. Weber, E. Bahrs","doi":"10.30430/gjae.2023.0334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30430/gjae.2023.0334","url":null,"abstract":"Photovoltaics and wind energy must be considerably expanded to achieve the targeted climate neutrality in Germany in 2045 which may cause new conflicts. Especially ground-mounted photovoltaic systems, which are often associated with a high land consumption rate, conflict with other land uses such as agriculture. Due to the simultaneous electricity generation and agricultural use, agrivoltaics (AV) systems can increase land use efficiency which is why they are in the political focus. In this study, we go beyond the limited point-wise analyses of previous studies which have focused mainly on the technology itself and potential yield changes of individual crops and provide a spatially explicit analysis of the AV potential. This is done by an in-depth analysis on the example of arable land in the Stuttgart Region, one of the most important conurbations in Germany and Europe. The study focusses on the resulting agronomic effects in the region and the associated agro-economic effects. The analysis is carried out with an integrated land use model that optimises arable land use by maximising gross margins at the farm level. Legal framework conditions such as the regional plan are considered constraints, and existing studies on yield effects under AV are used. The results show that there are synergies through increases in the agricultural gross margins. These synergies could be realized on about 3% of arable land in the study region subject to the underlying assumptions made. With more than 10% of the arable land in the study region used for AV, the average gross margins in arable farming decrease by about 280 € per ha of AV. Farms or areas with a high share of special crops, such as strawberries, demonstrate the highest profitability. On the other hand, regions with a high share of root crops in the crop rotation seem to be less favourable to establish AV. This demonstrates that, the agricultural land use structure must be considered in the holistic assessment of the land use efficiency of AV installations. Our results help policymakers better assess the effects of AV on land use and are useful for identifying priority implementation areas, for instance, in regional or land use plans.","PeriodicalId":48919,"journal":{"name":"German Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90544406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Der Markt für Fleisch und Fleischprodukte 2022/2023","authors":"J. Efken, Jakob Meemken, Rebecca Derstappen, A. Thies","doi":"10.30430/gjae.2023.5.fleisch","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30430/gjae.2023.5.fleisch","url":null,"abstract":"Die Entwicklung der verschiedenen globalen Fleischmärkte war im Jahr 2022 wie im allgemeinen öffentlichen Diskurs geprägt von der Thematik Energiekrise und daraus resultierenden Kostensteigerungen. Daneben beeinflussten Seuchen wie die Afrikanische Schweinepest (ASP) und die Geflügelpest weiterhin das Marktgeschehen. Die globale Rindfleisch- wie auch Geflügelfleischerzeugung wuchs 2022 nur geringfügig. Dem stand eine starke Nachfrage gegenüber, so dass auch das Jahr 2022 insgesamt von einem hohen internationalen Preisniveau geprägt war. Trotz nachlassender internationaler Nachfrage nach Schweinefleisch – insbesondere chinesischer Importeure – verteuerte sich Schweinefleisch ebenfalls aufgrund gestiegener Erzeugungskosten. In der EU sank die Schweinefleischerzeugung 2022 markant um 5 % gegenüber 2021. Auch die Rind- und Geflügelfleischerzeugung sank leicht während hier Fleischimporte um ein Viertel zunahmen. In der Summe stagnierte in der EU der Fleischverbrauch. Der deutsche Markt war 2022 von starken Erzeugungsrückgängen bei Rind- und Schweinefleisch geprägt, die mit ebensolchen Nachfragerückgängen verbunden waren. Die Geflügelfleischproduktion und -nachfrage war eher konstant.","PeriodicalId":48919,"journal":{"name":"German Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85703365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Der Markt für Milch und Milcherzeugnisse 2022","authors":"Greta Langer, Clara Mehlhose, Tim Knöpfel, Bernhard Brümmer, A. Spiller, G. Busch","doi":"10.30430/gjae.2023.5.milch","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30430/gjae.2023.5.milch","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48919,"journal":{"name":"German Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90959585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}