International Emergency Nursing最新文献

{"title":"Poor treatment outcome and its determinants among patients with burn injuries in Ethiopia. A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Mengistu Abebe Messelu ,&nbsp;Baye Tsegaye Amlak ,&nbsp;Tadesse Yirga Akalu ,&nbsp;Getnet Nibret Alemie ,&nbsp;Salelign Amlaku Matebe ,&nbsp;Mamaru Getie Fetene ,&nbsp;Bekele Getenet Tiruneh ,&nbsp;Ashenafi Fekad Getahun ,&nbsp;Makda Fekadie Tewelgne ,&nbsp;Tadesse Miretie Dessie ,&nbsp;Yasab Leykun ,&nbsp;Temesgen Ayenew","doi":"10.1016/j.ienj.2025.101676","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ienj.2025.101676","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Burn continues to be a major public health problem, resulting in thousands of preventable deaths and disabilities each year. Therefore, this review and <em>meta</em>-analysis aimed to assess the national prevalence of poor treatment outcome and its determinants.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This systematic review was conducted according to the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and has been registered with PROSPERO. A structured search of databases (Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, CINAHL, EMBASE, HINARI, and Web of Science) was undertaken. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tool. A <em>meta</em>-analysis using a random-effects model was performed to estimate the pooled prevalence and associated factors. The I² statistics was used to assess the heterogeneity of studies, and to identify the possible causes of heterogeneity, subgroup analysis and <em>meta</em>-regression were used. Egger’s test and funnel plots were used to assess publication bias.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This systematic review and <em>meta</em>-analysis included eight studies involving a total of 9255 burn patients. The pooled national prevalence of poor treatment outcome among burn patients in Ethiopia was 20.1 % (95 %CI: 14.14, 26.06). Regional subgroup analysis showed that the pooled estimate of poor outcome was 13.12 %, 29.24 %, 26.2 %, 25.6 %, and 12.37 % in Tigray, Amhara, Oromia, Southern Nation Nationalities and People, and Addis Ababa, respectively. Moreover, subgroup analysis based on patients’ age revealed that the pooled estimate of poor outcome among adults and children was 18.87 % and 21.58 %, respectively. This <em>meta</em>-analysis demonstrated that being a rural resident (OR = 3.24, 95 % CI: 1.66, 6.33), malnourished (OR = 3.17, 95 % CI: 1.93, 5.19), extent of burn &gt; 10 % of TBSA (OR = 2.60, 95 % CI: 1.73, 3.90), and didn’t get adequate fluid resuscitation (OR = 2.86; 95 % CI: 1.36, 6.00) were determinants of poor clinical outcome for burn patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion and recommendations</h3><div>One in every five burn patients in Ethiopia had poor treatment outcome. Being a rural resident, malnourished, extent of burn &gt; 10 %, and no getting adequate fluid resuscitation were significant predictors of poor treatment outcome. Special attention should be given to burn injured patients from rural area, malnourished, and with larger TBSA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48914,"journal":{"name":"International Emergency Nursing","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 101676"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation science in the field of emergency nursing practice: A scoping review","authors":"Hailong Hou ,&nbsp;Yan Jiang ,&nbsp;Mingmin Luo ,&nbsp;Tianjiao Dong ,&nbsp;Shiqi Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.ienj.2025.101679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ienj.2025.101679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Emergency nursing is an essential component of the healthcare system, with its effectiveness directly impacting patient clinical outcomes. With the advancement of evidence-based nursing, the application of Implementation Science (IS) in emergency nursing has become a key factor in enhancing nursing quality and patient safety. However, the scope and effect of IS application within emergency nursing are not fully understood.</div></div><div><h3>Aim(s)</h3><div>To map and synthesize the depth and breadth of research on implementation science in the field of emergency nursing.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This scoping review followed the Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review methodology. Systematic searches were conducted in databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and Embase. The search covered study up to November 2023, with included studies summarized and analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 24 studies were included, indicating the preliminary application of IS in emergency nursing. Applications ranged from common disease care, emergency care for special populations, improvements in patient care processes, and enhancements in emergency nursing quality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The application of IS in emergency nursing shows potential, contributing to improved nursing quality, patient safety, and treatment outcomes. Further exploration and promotion of IS in emergency nursing can enhance the efficiency of the entire emergency care system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48914,"journal":{"name":"International Emergency Nursing","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 101679"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect on intra-hospital transfer success of checklist in the pediatric emergency department: An interventional observational study","authors":"Selin Salmak ,&nbsp;Abdülkadir Utar ,&nbsp;Alkan Bal ,&nbsp;Dilek Ergin ,&nbsp;Halil Dönmez","doi":"10.1016/j.ienj.2025.101667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ienj.2025.101667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Transfer of pediatric patients from the emergency department to in-hospital units is often inevitable. Since emergency departments are the first point of admission for patients, transfers are risky in terms of adverse events. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the in-hospital transfer checklist in the pediatric emergency department on transfer success.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study is an interventional observational study. The study was conducted in the pediatric emergency department of a university hospital in western Turkey between January 01 and March 31, 2024. After the control data (n = 120) were obtained retrospectively, a checklist for in-hospital transfer was created. Then, the data of the intervention group (n = 120) in which the checklist was used were obtained. The data between the two groups were compared using SPSS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The in-hospital transfer time of pediatric emergency department patients decreased from 12 min (median) to 10 min (median) after the checklist was applied (p &lt; 0.05). The rate of adverse events decreased from 46.7 % to 10.8 % depending on the use of the checklist (p &gt; 0.05). The intervention group had a significantly lower impact score (p &lt; 0.05) in terms of clinical and non-clinical adverse events compared to the control group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Transporting pediatric patients from the emergency department to other units is an issue that requires attention. Using trained personnel, appropriate equipment, standardized protocols, and checklists will effectively reduce the frequency of adverse events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48914,"journal":{"name":"International Emergency Nursing","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 101667"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges encountered by healthcare workers in managing door-to-balloon time of myocardial infarction: A survey","authors":"Amina Yasser Al Balushi ,&nbsp;Lin Zhao ,&nbsp;Karen Livesay","doi":"10.1016/j.ienj.2025.101677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ienj.2025.101677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) demands aggressive and rapid medical intervention. Delays in Door-to-balloon time (DTB) of more than 90 min cause progressive damage to the cardiac tissue and require immediate medical intervention, including percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Nurses and doctors in STEMI management face several challenges that result in a delay in DTB time.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To investigate challenges nurses and doctors encounter in managing Door to Balloon (DTB) time for ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) patients.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>An online survey using Qualtrics software was distributed to all nurses and doctors working in the Emergency Room and Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory at the study site, which included a total of 150 staff members. The survey was conducted in August 2023 and lasted for one month. The questionnaire online link was sent to the participants and filled out by them through their smartphones.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 83 nurses and doctors responded to the questionnaire. The survey revealed several challenges encountered by nurses and doctors in STEMI management from highest to lowest based on response items in the Likert scale. In ER, the reported challenges related to the ECG interpretation (mean = 33, 47.8 %), followed by Process (mean = 31.5, 45.6 %), Resources (mean = 30.0, 43.5 %), Communication (mean = 28.8, 41.7 %), and Healthcare setting (28, 40.6 %). In CCL, the most reported challenges were related to Communication (mean = 10, 71.4 %). Followed by Resources (mean = 7.5, 53.5 %), and Healthcare setting (mean = 28, 40.6 %).</div><div>The primary outcomes showed no statistically significant association of predictable variables of Age groups with a p value of 0.612 (21–30 years, mean 3.31 ± 0.95, 31–40 years, mean 3.62 ± 1.17, 41–50 years, mean 3.7 ± 1.22), Educational groups with a p value of 0.481(Diploma 3.60 ± 1.23, Bachelor 3.33 ± 0.97, Postgraduate 3.79 ± 1.18), Years of experience groups with a p value of 0.659, two-tailed (10 years of experience 3.65 ± 1.23, and More than 10 years of experience 3.65 ± 1.23), and groups of certified with an ECG interpretation course with a p value of 0.583, two-tailed (Certified with an ECG interpretation course 3.62 ± 1.16 and not Certified with an ECG interpretation course 3.42 ± 1.08) on the Knowledge variable. Similarly, the outcomes showed no statistically significant association of predictable variables of Age with a p value of 0.615 (21–30 years, mean 31.91 ± 5.43, 31–40 years, mean 32.61 ± 6.38, 41–50 years, mean 30.31 ± 8.08) Educational groups with a p value of 0.325(Diploma 29.87 ± 7.75, Bachelor 31.93 ± 5.95, Postgraduate 33.41 ± 6.02), Years of experience groups with a p value of 0.813, two-tailed (10 years of experience 32 ± 6.283, and More than 10 years of experience 31.53 ± 7.27), certified with an ECG interpretation course with","PeriodicalId":48914,"journal":{"name":"International Emergency Nursing","volume":"83 ","pages":"Article 101677"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145020657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Exploring staff perceptions regarding alarm fatigue and practices among nurses: A multicentre study in the Northern Emirates” [Int. Emerg. Nurs. 79 (2025) 101584]","authors":"Hussam Al Nusair ,&nbsp;Mariezl Fonbuena ,&nbsp;Caitriona Chew ,&nbsp;Rafi Alnjadat ,&nbsp;Nishad Nellikunnel Muhammed ,&nbsp;Saleem Perinchery ,&nbsp;Mezzani Mayo ,&nbsp;Maha Ali Rashid ,&nbsp;Maryam Dadalla ,&nbsp;Mona Ibrahim Nada ,&nbsp;Hisham Abdelmotaleb","doi":"10.1016/j.ienj.2025.101664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ienj.2025.101664","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48914,"journal":{"name":"International Emergency Nursing","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 101664"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144975519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Comfort scores instead of pain scores as a possible tool for pain and analgesia reduction in the emergency department: a randomized controlled clinical trial” [Int. Emerg. Nurs. 82 (2025) 101657]","authors":"C.M. Edwards ,&nbsp;S. Veenje ,&nbsp;E. Visser ,&nbsp;D. Dammers ,&nbsp;M.I. de Haan-Lauteslager ,&nbsp;H. Lameijer","doi":"10.1016/j.ienj.2025.101663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ienj.2025.101663","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48914,"journal":{"name":"International Emergency Nursing","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 101663"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144975510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of the Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation method in emergencies with simulation-based education for nursing and paramedic students","authors":"Atiye Erbaş ,&nbsp;Selin Keskin Kiziltepe ,&nbsp;Ümit Kiliç","doi":"10.1016/j.ienj.2025.101666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ienj.2025.101666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Effective handover skills play a crucial role in communication between pre-hospital and hospital staff. However, nursing and paramedic students rarely have the opportunity to practice them.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Our study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation (SBAR) method in emergency settings using simulation-based education for nursing and paramedic students.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a single-group quasi-experimental study involving 39 nursing and 42 paramedic students. The students’ patient handover skills were evaluated through simulation-based training using a structured handover method. Data were collected using the Personal Data Form, Patient Handover Information Form, Patient Handover Skill Evaluation Form, and Video Observation and Evaluation Form. For data analysis, we used the Mann–Whitney <em>U</em> test, the Friedman test, the Cohen’s kappa coefficient, and the Pearson correlation test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The knowledge scores of nursing (N) and paramedic (P) students (N: 16 [11–20]; P: 15 [10–19] pre-training) increased post-training (N: 18 [15–20]; P: 18 [10–21]), post-simulation (N: 18 [14–21]; P: 17 [13–20]), and one-month after the post-simulation (N: 18 [14–21]; P: 17 [14–20]). The group participants, 50%, received scores between 12.50 and 16.25 and acquired medium handover skills.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We found that theoretical education and simulation-based applications were effective in enhancing students’ knowledge level of handover processes, which are critical for patient safety, and that simulation supported their learning. It is recommended that patient handover training be conducted using simulation-based methods with different student groups, integrated into educational curricula, and updated regularly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48914,"journal":{"name":"International Emergency Nursing","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 101666"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the beliefs and attitudes of pre-hospital emergency health service workers towards obese individuals as a vulnerable group: The case of Adana Provincial Ambulance Service","authors":"Ramazan Aslan ,&nbsp;Süleyman Yıldırım","doi":"10.1016/j.ienj.2025.101668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ienj.2025.101668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The globally increasing incidence of obesity and the growing need for emergency health services among obese patients necessitate a better understanding of the impact of this issue on healthcare professionals. It is thought that the negative attitudes and beliefs of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) workers toward obese patients may reduce the quality of care provided and create barriers to treatment access for these patients. In this context, the aim of this study is to assess the beliefs and attitudes of EMS workers in Adana province towards obesity and to explore how these attitudes are shaped by demographic and professional factors.</div><div>The research was conducted using a cross-sectional design on EMS workers employed at the Adana Provincial Ambulance Service. A convenience sampling method was utilized, and data were collected from 450 on EMS workers via a survey. The survey form included questions to determine the demographic characteristics of the participants, as well as two scales designed to assess their beliefs and attitudes towards obesity. Validity and reliability analyses of the scales were conducted, and the data were evaluated using One-Way ANOVA, independent samples <em>t</em>-test, and Pearson’s correlation analyses.</div><div>The findings of the research, consistent with the literature, reveal that EMS workers generally hold negative attitudes and beliefs towards obese patients. It was determined that participants’ attitudes were influenced by demographic factors such as age, professional experience, education level, and economic status. Male participants generally had more positive attitudes compared to females, and healthcare workers who frequently encountered obese patients also exhibited more positive attitudes.</div><div>The study highlights the need for improvement in EMS workers’ attitudes and beliefs towards obese patients. These attitudes can affect the quality of healthcare services and pose significant barriers to access for obese patients. It is believed that awareness and empathy training for EMS workers could change negative beliefs about obesity and reduce negative attitudes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48914,"journal":{"name":"International Emergency Nursing","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 101668"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144908676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trauma care and predictors of mortality at a single-centre trauma hospital in Ethiopia: A prospective observational study","authors":"Helina Bogale Abayneh ,&nbsp;Stine Engebretsen ,&nbsp;Kristin Halvorsen ,&nbsp;Stein Ove Danielsen","doi":"10.1016/j.ienj.2025.101665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ienj.2025.101665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Trauma accounts for 11 % of the total global burden of disease and is the leading cause of death in individuals under 40 years of age. Ethiopia faces a substantial task in establishing well-equipped and sufficiently staffed emergency departments. Moreover, current research in Ethiopia concentrates on trauma epidemiology and specific trauma types to guide evidence-based intervention strategies rather than emphasising trauma care features. Thus, this study aims to explore the trauma care process and investigate the predictors of ED mortality at a single-centre trauma hospital in Ethiopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a single-centre prospective observational study at Addis Ababa Burn Emergency and Trauma Hospital in Ethiopia. Observations were conducted from November 30, 2022, to May 24, 2023. The study included patients admitted with reported major injuries during the study period. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression were applied to explore predictors of ED mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The cohort consisted of 425 patients, 73.4 % were male, and the median age was 32 years. Of the patients, 188 (44.4 %) met the criteria for trauma team activation, but none received treatment from such teams. Among the patients in need of emergency procedures, 22.6 % experienced delays within 48 h of observation. Epidural or subdural haematoma was diagnosed in 37.1 % of patients, but fewer patients underwent a craniotomy procedure. A small percentage of patients stayed in the ED for less than 24 h (13.4 %), while ED mortality was 10.4 %. Lower Glasgow Coma Scale, haematoma presence and shorter length of ED stay were associated with increased odds of ED mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Close to half of the participants met the criteria for trauma team activation, but none received treatment from such teams.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48914,"journal":{"name":"International Emergency Nursing","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 101665"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144904516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Violence towards emergency nurses: an update of a narrative review of theories and frameworks","authors":"Nicola Ramacciati,&nbsp;Sara Morales Palomares","doi":"10.1016/j.ienj.2025.101661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ienj.2025.101661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Workplace violence (WPV) in emergency departments (EDs) remains a growing concern worldwide, necessitating updated theoretical perspectives. A 2018 review identified 24 frameworks, but ongoing healthcare challenges, particularly the COVID-19 pandemic, warrant a re-examination and expansion of these models.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A narrative review was conducted using PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, and ProQuest databases for studies published from 2017 onward, focusing on theoretical frameworks explaining WPV in EDs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The 18 included studies in this review introduce novel or refined theories addressing psychosocial, organizational, and environmental factors that trigger or mitigate WPV. Frameworks range from physiological deterioration and psychosocial moderation to architectural design and resilience-based models. These comprehensive approaches reflect a growing consensus on the need for integrated, multilevel interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Contemporary theories underscore WPV as a multifactorial issue requiring solutions that go beyond single-factor models. By examining the broader interplay among patients, staff, organizational, and environmental determinants, these frameworks offer valuable insights for more effective, holistic WPV prevention and management strategies in EDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48914,"journal":{"name":"International Emergency Nursing","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 101661"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144863603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}