Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology最新文献

{"title":"The treatment naïve microbiome of pediatric ulcerative colitis and microbial therapeutics: A humbling challenge.","authors":"Richard Kellermayer","doi":"10.4103/sjg.sjg_360_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjg.sjg_360_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48881,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11804966/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multisociety consensus recommendations on hepatitis delta virus infection.","authors":"Saleh A Alqahtani, Faisal M Sanai, Mohammed A Banama, Mohammed Y Alghamdi, Munira Y Altarrah, Faisal A Abaalkhail","doi":"10.4103/sjg.sjg_322_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjg.sjg_322_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Hepatitis D virus (HDV) prevalence data and country-specific HDV guidelines are not widely available in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states. We developed consensus recommendations to guide healthcare professionals, policymakers, and researchers in improving HDV management and patient health outcomes in three GCC states: Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. A consensus panel comprising hepatology experts (n = 6) from the three GCC societies was formed. The panel identified two broader areas related to clinical practice (screening and diagnosis, and treatment and management), addressed critical questions, and developed draft recommendations in February 2024. The strength of the final set of recommendations was subjected to consensus voting in March 2024. A majority was defined apriori with a two-thirds vote (67%). The paper outlines those recommendations alongside showcasing the current epidemiology of HDV in the GCC states, emphasizing the variability in prevalence, demographic patterns, and region-specific risk factors. It also highlights the current state of screening and diagnosis practices, identifying key obstacles, such as access to advanced screening protocols and diagnostic tools. Furthermore, HDV treatment landscape and preventative strategies are outlined, focusing on vaccination, public health initiatives, and the crucial role of public awareness and education. Ethical and sociocultural considerations are discussed, underscoring the importance of culturally sensitive healthcare practices. These recommendations present a comprehensive overview of the challenges and strategies for managing HDV in these states. Policy recommendations are provided to support HDV management, including standardizing care protocols and promoting public health measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":48881,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"5-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11804964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coexisting autoimmune disorders among patients with inflammatory bowel disease at a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Ahmed G Alghamdi, Aisha M Alanazi, Anas Z Nourelden, Hussam A Alhamidi, Bashaar K Al Ibrahim, Mishal A Alshowair, Marwa M Tawfik, Abdullah H Bawazir, Omar S Nagadi, Hameed M Alshehri, Mohammed S Alahmari","doi":"10.4103/sjg.sjg_259_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjg.sjg_259_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Approximately 25% of individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) concurrently experience immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), while the overall prevalence of these conditions in the general population is 5-7%. Individuals with IBD and concurrent IMIDs tend to have a more aggressive disease profile. We aimed to assess the prevalence of coexisting autoimmune disorders among patients with IBD and their association with inflammatory bowel disease type.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study at a tertiary care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, we examined 875 patients with IBD (530 with Crohn's disease and 345 with ulcerative colitis). Patient demographics, disease types, treatment modalities, and co-occurring autoimmune conditions were analyzed using statistical and regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 21.7%, 19.4%, and 25.2% of the patients had IMIDs, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis, respectively. Patients with ulcerative colitis had higher rates of hepatic autoimmune conditions (9.6%) and endocrine autoimmune diseases (4.1% vs 1.3%; P = 0.010) than those with Crohn's disease (4.5%; P = 0.003). Regression analysis revealed significant associations between hepatic (P = 0.012) and endocrine autoimmune diseases (P = 0.018) with ulcerative colitis diagnosis, although the model's predictive accuracy was moderate (overall, 63%; specificity, 95%; sensitivity, 14%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study highlights the significant co-occurrence of autoimmune diseases with IBD, particularly the distinct autoimmune profiles of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Identifying the specific ulcerative colitis-associated autoimmune comorbidities could guide personalized therapeutic strategies and inform future research on the pathophysiological relationship between these conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48881,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"31 1","pages":"41-49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11804963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut fungal profile in new onset treatment-naïve ulcerative colitis in Saudi children.","authors":"Mohammad El Mouzan, Abdulaziz Al Quorain, Asaad Assiri, Abdullah Almasoud, Badr Alsaleem, Ahmed Aladsani, Ahmed Al Sarkhy","doi":"10.4103/sjg.sjg_221_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjg.sjg_221_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although the role of fungi in gut inflammation in IBD has been suggested, data are still limited in ulcerative colitis (UC). Our aim was to describe the gut fungal profile in a pediatric UC in Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fecal samples from children with UC and control samples provided by healthy school children were collected. The fungal DNA was analyzed using Shotgun metagenomic procedures. Shannon alpha diversity, beta diversity, differential abundance, random forest classification algorithm, and area under the curve were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 20 children with UC and 20 healthy school children. The median age and range were 13 (0.5-21) and 13 (7-16) years for children with UC and controls, respectively. Male subjects were 40% and 35% for UC and controls, respectively. At diagnosis, the UC extent was E4 (38%); E3 (25%); E2 (37%) and 35% had a PUCAI ≥65. The reduction of alpha diversity and the significant dissimilarity in children with UC were similar to those of most published studies. However, a significant difference was found at all taxa levels with a remarkable enhancement of Candida genus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in children with UC. Three species were identified as fungal signatures and an area under the curve of 98.4% (95.1-100% CI), indicating an association with UC that has not been reported thus far.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We report significant fungal dysbiosis in children with UC consistent with published literature. However, the report of potential fungal signature and a strong association with UC deserves further studies with a bigger sample size from other populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":48881,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"28-33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11804965/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial dysbiosis in newly diagnosed treatment naïve pediatric ulcerative colitis in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Mohammad El Mouzan, Mohammad Al Mofarreh, Badr Alsaleem, Ahmed Al Sarkhy, Aziz Alanazi, Musa Khormi, Abdullah Almasoud, Asaad Assiri","doi":"10.4103/sjg.sjg_66_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjg.sjg_66_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The role of microbiota in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) has been increasingly recognized. However, most of the reports are from Western populations. In Middle Eastern countries, including Saudi Arabia, little is known about the role of microbiota. Therefore, our aim was to describe the bacterial microbiota profile and signature in pediatric UC in Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty children with UC and 20 healthy controls enrolled in the study gave stool samples. Twenty rectal mucosal samples were taken from UC and 20 from non-UC controls. Inclusion criteria included newly diagnosed and untreated children and lack of antibiotic exposure for at least 6 months before stool collection was required for children with UC and controls. Bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted and sequenced using shotgun metagenomic analysis. Statistical analysis included Shannon alpha diversity metrics, Bray-Curtis dissimilarity, DESeq2, and biomarker discovery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The demographic characteristics were similar in children with UC and controls. There was a significant reduction in alpha diversity ( P = 0.037) and beta diversity in samples from children with UC ( P = 0.001). Many taxa were identified with log2 abundance analysis, revealing 110 and 102 species significantly depleted and enriched in UC, respectively. Eleven bacterial species' signatures were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In Saudi Arabian children with UC, we demonstrate a dysbiosis similar to reports from Western populations, possibly related to changes of lifestyle. Microbial signature discovery in this report is an important contribution to research, leading to the development of adjunctive non-invasive diagnostic options in unusual cases of UC.</p>","PeriodicalId":48881,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"14-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11804967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140856668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translation, cultural adaptation, and evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Arabic Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire (Ar-GerdQ).","authors":"Nasser M AbuDujain, Mohammed A Batais, Mohamad Ayham Muqresh, Ziyad Aljofan, Hani A Alghamdi, Ahmad Bashmail, Abdullah A Alrasheed, Turky Almigbal, Rahaf Alsemairi, Jan G Hatlebakk","doi":"10.4103/sjg.sjg_61_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjg.sjg_61_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common chronic digestive disease that affects people in different communities at different rates. Because of the absence of a validated Arabic tool to assess GERD symptoms, this study aimed to validate and culturally adapt the GERD questionnaire (GerdQ) tool to Arabic speakers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients referred for pH testing with symptoms suggestive of GERD were recruited. A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2023 to April 2023 by administering the Arabic GERD questionnaire (Ar-GerdQ) tool on two different occasions and comparing it with the short-form leeds dyspepsia questionnaire and the Reflux Symptom Index to establish reliability and construct validity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 52 participants were included in the study. The results of the internal consistency analysis of the Ar-GerdQ indicate that the test has good reliability, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.86 (95% CI: 0.75-0.91). Significant positive correlations with the short form leeds dyspepsia questionnaire (r = 0.59, P < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.29-0.78) and the reflux symptom index (r = 0.47, P = 0.01, 95% CI: 0.13-0.71) were demonstrated. Moreover, the intraclass correlation coefficient value was 0.60 ( P < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.28-0.77), indicating a substantial level of agreement between the measurements.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate that the Ar-GerdQ is useful for assessing reflux disease symptoms among Arabic speakers. Effective utilization of Ar-GerdQ will reduce unnecessary endoscopic requests in primary care settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":48881,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"369-375"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11630485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence, severity, and risk factors of erosive esophagitis in a Middle Eastern population.","authors":"Majid Alsahafi, Fatma Salah, Hebah Mimish, Mohammed Hejazi, Resheed Alkhiari, Saad Alkhowaiter, Mahmoud Mosli","doi":"10.4103/sjg.sjg_91_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjg.sjg_91_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Erosive esophagitis (EE) is frequently present in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), some of which may not have GERD symptoms. The prevalence of EE in the Saudi population is unknown. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of EE among patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed consecutive adults who underwent EGD at an academic tertiary care center. Clinical and endoscopic data were collected. The prevalence and severity of EE were determined. Multivariate regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for EE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Records for 3230 patients were reviewed, of which 2805 were included in this study. The mean age was 48.6 ±18.6 years, and 1088 (38.7%) were male. Two hundred and twenty six (8%) patients underwent EGD for GERD-related indications. EE was noted in 309 (11%) patients and 58 (25.6%) with GERD-related indications. For patients with EE, the mean age was 49.2 ± 18.7 years, and 132 (42.7%) were males. LA Grade A esophagitis was the most common (53.9%), followed by grade B (29.6%). Among all patients, only EGD for GERD-related indications and hiatal hernia were significantly associated with EE on multivariate analysis [(aOR = 3.1, 95% CI 2.2-4.4, P < 0.01) and (aOR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.9, P < 0.01), respectively]. Age, gender, and body mass index were not associated with EE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this large cohort, EE was present in 11% of patients who underwent EGD and in 25% of patients with GERD. EGD for GERD-related indications and hiatal hernia are independent risk factors for the presence of EE.</p>","PeriodicalId":48881,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"376-380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11630482/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142001106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CEBPB dampens the cuproptosis sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells by facilitating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.","authors":"Tianchen Huang, Yong Zhang, Yachao Wu, Xiaodong Han, Lei Li, Zhipeng Guo, Kan Li, Yanshan Xin, Weijie Wang","doi":"10.4103/sjg.sjg_169_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjg.sjg_169_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cuproptosis is a novel pathway that differs from other forms of cell death and has been confirmed to be applicable for predicting tumor prognosis and clinical treatment response. However, the mechanism underlying the resistance of colorectal cancer (CRC) to cuproptosis at the molecular level has not been elucidated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using bioinformatics analysis, the expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (CEBPB) in CRC tissues and its enrichment in biological processes were detected. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting (WB) were employed to test the expression of CEBPB in CRC cells. WB was utilized to assess the levels of proteins related to cuproptosis and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) pathway. The MTT assay was used to test cell viability. Cell proliferation was assessed by a colony formation assay. Transwell assays were used to measure cell migration and invasion ability. DLAT-aggregate formation was determined by immunofluorescence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CEBPB was highly upregulated in CRC cells to enhance cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion. CEBPB was strongly implicated in copper ion homeostasis and the mTOR signaling pathway in CRC. In a CRC cuproptosis cell model, rescue experiments revealed that a PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway inhibitor attenuated the promoting effect of CEBPB overexpression on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and rescued the sensitivity of CRC to cuproptosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This work demonstrated that CEBPB can activate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, thereby decreasing the sensitivity of CRC to cuproptosis. These data suggested that targeting CEBPB or the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway may enhance the sensitivity of CRC patients to cuproptosis, providing a combined therapeutic strategy for cuproptosis-induced therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48881,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"381-388"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11630481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142156375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Saudi Gastroenterology Association consensus on the clinical care pathway for the diagnosis and treatment of GERD.","authors":"Mohammed A Alzahrani, Abdullah M Alqaraawi, Saeed R Alzubide, Ehab Abufarhaneh, Saad S Alkhowaiter, Mohammed Alsulaimi, Resheed Alkhiari, Ahmed S AlMalki, Abdulrahman A Alfadda, Emad S Aljahdli, Fahad I Alsohaibani, Abid H AlLehibi, Majid A Almadi","doi":"10.4103/sjg.sjg_82_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjg.sjg_82_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common problems encountered in outpatient general medicine and gastroenterology clinics. GERD may present with classic esophageal symptoms, extraesophageal symptoms, or mixed symptoms. The diagnosis and treatment of GERD are challenging due to the variety of symptoms and multifactorial pathophysiology. Since there is no consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of GERD in Saudi Arabia, the Saudi Gastroenterology Association established an expert group to formulate a consensus on the clinical care pathway for the diagnosis and treatment of GERD to update health-care providers in Saudi Arabia. The expert group reviewed the literature including recently published international guidelines, clinical trials, and expert opinion and conducted virtual and in-person meetings. A total of 22 statements on the definition, diagnosis, and treatment of GERD were formulated, and three algorithms for the clinical care of GERD were developed with a detailed description for each step. The expert group endorsed the new definition of GERD, the practical principles of interpretation of the diagnostic GERD evaluation, and the practical guidance for GERD treatment including medical, surgical, and endoscopic therapy. The expert group recommends further studies to investigate local data on the diagnosis and treatment of GERD.</p>","PeriodicalId":48881,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"353-368"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11630483/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141176473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between vedolizumab and risk of clostridium difficile infection in patients with ulcerative colitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Maha Alghamdi, Dareen Alyousfi, Mariam S Mukhtar, Mahmoud Mosli","doi":"10.4103/sjg.sjg_118_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/sjg.sjg_118_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The medical treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) includes the use of biological agents such as vedolizumab, a gut-selective alpha4beta7 (ɑ4β7) antagonist. The mechanism of action of vedolizumab involves interfering with leukocyte trafficking into the gut vasculature, which halts inflammation. Due to this mechanism of action, concerns have arisen regarding an increased risk of gut infections, specifically, clostridium difficile infection (CDI). The aim is to provide clarity regarding the association between the use of vedolizumab as a therapy for ulcerative colitis and the risk of developing CDI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature review was conducted, starting with the scoping search, followed by backward snowballing parallel with keyword-based search to identify related articles. A quality assessment was conducted on the initially selected articles and excluded low-quality papers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pooled analyses indicated that there was no significant association between the use of vedolizumab and the risk of developing CDI (effect size = 0.03 [-0.02, 0.07]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Vedolizumab does not increase the risk of CDI in patients with UC. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":48881,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":" ","pages":"346-352"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11630484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141285128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}