Annals of Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Hearing Loss Detection and Early Intervention Strategies in Kenya.","authors":"Serah Ndegwa, Michelle Pavlik, Emily R Gallagher, Maureen King'e, Manaseh Bocha, Lilian Wairimu Mokoh, Isaac Macharia, Paige Stringer, Irene Njuguna, Dalton Wamalwa, Sarah Benki-Nugent","doi":"10.5334/aogh.4336","DOIUrl":"10.5334/aogh.4336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thirty-four million children globally have disabling hearing loss, with the highest prevalence in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Early identification and management is crucial, yet barriers to screening and treatment of hearing loss are extensive in LMICs. Unaddressed hearing loss negatively impacts individuals and communities. The WHO's 2021 World Report on Hearing urges the development of Ear and Hearing Care (EHC) programs to improve access to all aspects of care, including screening, diagnostics, management, and developmental support. A joint Nairobi- and Seattle-based group convened in 2021 to discuss strategies for program development in Kenya, as presented in this paper.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Developing a national EHC program must include the necessary support services for a child with a diagnosed hearing loss, while simultaneously promoting engagement of family, community, and healthcare workers. Existing government and healthcare system policies and priorities can be leveraged for EHC programming. Strategies for success include strengthening connections between policymakers at national, county, and municipal levels and local champions for the EHC agenda, with a concurrent focus on policy, early detection and intervention, habilitation, and family-centered care. Updates to health policy and funding to support the accessibility of services and equipment should focus on leveraging national healthcare coverage for hearing technologies and services, strengthening referral pathways, training to bolster the workforce, and metrics for monitoring and evaluation. Additional strategies to support forward progress include strategic engagement of partners and leveraging local partners for phased scale-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and recommendations: </strong>Recommendations to strengthen EHC within the Kenyan health system include concurrent leverage of existing health policies and priorities, partner engagement, and strengthening referral pathways, monitoring and evaluation, and training. These strategies may be generalized to other countries too.</p>","PeriodicalId":48857,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Global Health","volume":"90 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10854416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139724641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updates in Air Pollution: Current Research and Future Challenges.","authors":"Dwan Vilcins, Rebecca C Christofferson, Jin-Ho Yoon, Siti Nurshahida Nazli, Peter D Sly, Stephania A Cormier, Guofeng Shen","doi":"10.5334/aogh.4363","DOIUrl":"10.5334/aogh.4363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The United Nations has declared that humans have a right to clean air. Despite this, many deaths and disability-adjusted life years are attributed to air pollution exposure each year. We face both challenges to air quality and opportunities to improve, but several areas need to be addressed with urgency.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This paper summarises the recent research presented at the Pacific Basin Consortium for Environment and Health Symposium and focuses on three key areas of air pollution that are important to human health and require more research.</p><p><strong>Findings and conclusion: </strong>Indoor spaces are commonly places of exposure to poor air quality and are difficult to monitor and regulate. Global climate change risks worsening air quality in a bi-directional fashion. The rising use of electric vehicles may offer opportunities to improve air quality, but it also presents new challenges. Government policies and initiatives could lead to improved air and environmental justice. Several populations, such as older people and children, face increased harm from air pollution and should become priority groups for action.</p>","PeriodicalId":48857,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Global Health","volume":"90 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10836163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139681824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastics in the Asia-Pacific Region in the Plasticene Era: Exposures and Health Risks.","authors":"Peter Sly, Khadija Al Nabhani, Kam Sripada, Fujio Kayama","doi":"10.5334/aogh.4326","DOIUrl":"10.5334/aogh.4326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Within the broader Anthropocene Epoch resides the Plasticene Era, where humans are subjected pervasively to nano- and microplastics (NMPs). Human's widespread exposure with NMPs occurs through the air we breathe, water we drink, and food we eat. NMP sources are wide and varied; atmospheric NMPs are largely attributed to fibres from car tyres and synthetic clothing, while particles from food packaging, personal care products, and plastic manufacturing contribute significantly to food and water contamination. NMPs have become inherent within the human body and have been found in every organ. As such, the evidence base around adverse health effects is fragmented but growing. This article presents a mini-review and report of sessions presented about NMPs at the 19th International Conference of the Pacific Basin Consortium for Environment and Health, held on Jeju Island, in 2022. Abundant evidence of substantial exposure to NMPs in the Asia-Pacific region has been exhibited. Addressing this issue necessitates the collaboration of policymakers, manufacturers, and researchers to develop safer alternatives and implement mitigation and remediation strategies. The ongoing development of a new United Nations-led global plastic treaty presents a crucial opportunity that must be acted on and not be compromised.</p>","PeriodicalId":48857,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Global Health","volume":"90 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10836168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139681823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate Change and Human Health in Africa in Relation to Opportunities to Strengthen Mitigating Potential and Adaptive Capacity: Strategies to Inform an African \"Brains Trust\".","authors":"Caradee Y Wright, Thandi Kapwata, Natasha Naidoo, Kwaku Polu Asante, Raphael E Arku, Guéladio Cissé, Belay Simane, Lynn Atuyambe, Kiros Berhane","doi":"10.5334/aogh.4260","DOIUrl":"10.5334/aogh.4260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Africa faces diverse and complex population/human health challenges due to climate change. Understanding the health impacts of climate change in Africa in all its complexity is essential for implementing effective strategies and policies to mitigate risks and protect vulnerable populations. This study aimed to outline the major climate change-related health impacts in Africa in the context of economic resilience and to seek solutions and provide strategies to prevent or reduce adverse effects of climate change on human health and well-being in Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this narrative review, a literature search was conducted in the Web of Science, Scopus, CAB Abstracts, MEDLINE and EMBASE electronic databases. We also searched the reference lists of retrieved articles for additional records as well as reports. We followed a conceptual framework to ensure all aspects of climate change and health impacts in Africa were identified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average temperatures in all six eco-regions of Africa have risen since the early twentieth century, and heat exposure, extreme events, and sea level rise are projected to disproportionately affect Africa, resulting in a larger burden of health impacts than other continents. Given that climate change already poses substantial challenges to African health and well-being, this will necessitate significant effort, financial investment, and dedication to climate change mitigation and adaptation. This review offers African leaders and decision-makers data-driven and action-oriented strategies that will ensure a more resilient healthcare system and safe, healthy populations-in ways that contribute to economic resiliency.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The urgency of climate-health action integrated with sustainable development in Africa cannot be overstated, given the multiple economic gains from reducing current impacts and projected risks of climate change on the continent's population health and well-being. Climate action must be integrated into Africa's development plan to meet the Sustainable Development Goals, protect vulnerable populations from the detrimental effects of climate change, and promote economic development.</p>","PeriodicalId":48857,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Global Health","volume":"90 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10836170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139681822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marburg Virus Outbreak in Equatorial Guinea: Need for Speed.","authors":"Kengo Nathan Ezie, Berjo Dongmo Takoutsing, Diele Modeste, Miste Zourmba Ines, Tatsadjieu Ngoune Leopoldine Sybile, Nformi Monde Caleb, Ignatius N Esene","doi":"10.5334/aogh.4178","DOIUrl":"10.5334/aogh.4178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The co-existence of deadly viral pandemics can be considered a nightmare for public health authorities. The surge of a Marburg virus disease (MVD) outbreak in Africa at a time when the coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic is partially controlled with its limited resources is an urgent call for concern. Over the past decades, several bouts of MVD outbreaks have occurred in Africa with an alarming case fatality rate. Despite this, little has been done to end its recurrence, and affected countries essentially depend on preventative rather than curative measures of management. The recent outbreak of MVD declared by the health officials of Equatorial Guinea, causing several deaths in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, signals the need for speed in the establishment and the implementation of appropriate health policies and health system strategies to contain, destroy, and prevent the spread of this deadly virus to other neighboring countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":48857,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Global Health","volume":"90 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10809853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139564542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Predisposition of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Ancient Human Remains.","authors":"Christina Wurst, Frank Maixner, Alice Paladin, Alexandra Mussauer, Guido Valverde, Jagat Narula, Randall Thompson, Albert Zink","doi":"10.5334/aogh.4366","DOIUrl":"10.5334/aogh.4366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several computed tomographic studies have shown the presence of atherosclerosis in ancient human remains. However, while it is important to understand the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), genetic data concerning the prevalence of the disease-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in our ancestors are scarce.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>For a better understanding of the role of genetics in the evolution of ASCVD, we applied an enrichment capture sequencing approach to mummified human remains from different geographic regions and time periods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-two mummified individuals were analyzed for their genetic predisposition of ASCVD. Next-generation sequencing methods were applied to ancient DNA (aDNA) samples, including a novel enrichment approach specifically designed to capture SNPs associated with ASCVD in genome-wide association studies of modern humans.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Five out of 22 ancient individuals passed all filter steps for calculating a weighted polygenic risk score (PRS) based on 87 SNPs in 56 genes. PRSs were correlated to scores obtained from contemporary people from around the world and cover their complete range. The genetic results of the ancient individuals reflect their phenotypic results, given that the only two mummies showing calcified atherosclerotic arterial plaques on computed tomography scans are the ones exhibiting the highest calculated PRSs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These data show that alleles associated with ASCVD have been widespread for at least 5,000 years. Despite some limitations due to the nature of aDNA, our approach has the potential to lead to a better understanding of the interaction between environmental and genetic influences on the development of ASCVD.</p>","PeriodicalId":48857,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Global Health","volume":"90 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10809863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139564255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuing Professional Development at Two Rural Hospitals in Ecuador.","authors":"David Gaus, James Conway, Diego Herrera","doi":"10.5334/aogh.4175","DOIUrl":"10.5334/aogh.4175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>E-learning Continuing Professional Development (CPD) is an activity demonstrated to improve the quality of healthcare delivery. The CPD of medical and nursing staff in high income countries (HICs) is commonplace. CPD of administrative staff is less common, but increasingly frequent. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), CPD of any kind is infrequent, particularly in rural and remote areas.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to describe a hospital-based e-learning CPD program for clinical and non-clinical personnel as a unique example of a successful, ongoing educational pilot, quality improvement program involving a broad cohort of employees, in a country that does not require such activities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the online educational platform Chamilo, e-learning modules were created for eight groups including clinical and non-clinical employees. Upon completion of each module, one to two paragraph discussions were provided for each incorrect answer submitted. Two additional chances were offered for the employee to achieve a passing score of 70%. This study reports on the first 10-month period of the program.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>All participants achieved the 70% passing threshold after the first or second attempt. There was 100% participation by the employees required to complete the e-learning modules. Employee feedback suggested the modules were good for continuing education, but some felt the CPD was imposed on them.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>E-learning CPD is an important and emerging element for CPD and may provide opportunities for healthcare service quality improvement as part of broader pedagogical modalities, such as conferences and directed readings, in rural and remote areas of LMICs. These pilot programs could provide important information to develop Spanish-language e-learning CPD programs across a broader region, promote collaboration with regional professional societies, and possibly contribute to the establishment of national health program CPD standards.</p>","PeriodicalId":48857,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Global Health","volume":"90 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10809859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139564025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Open Burning of Plastic Wastes is an Urgent Global Health Issue","authors":"Gauri Pathak, M. Nichter, Anita Hardon, Eileen Moyer","doi":"10.5334/aogh.4232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/aogh.4232","url":null,"abstract":"The open burning of mixed wastes that contain plastics is a widespread practice across the globe, resulting in the release of gas emissions and ash residues that have toxic effects on human and environmental health. Although plastic pollution is under scrutiny as a pressing environmental concern, it is often conflated with plastic litter, and the contribution of the open burning of plastics to air, soil, and water pollution gets overlooked. Therefore, campaigns to raise awareness about plastic pollution often end up leading to increased open burning. Many countries or regions where open burning is prevalent have laws in place against the practice, but these are seldom effective. In this viewpoint, we direct attention to this critical but largely overlooked dimension of plastic pollution as an urgent global health issue. We also advocate interventions to raise awareness about the risks of open burning and emphasize the necessity of phasing out some particularly pernicious plastics in high-churn, single-use consumer applications.","PeriodicalId":48857,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Global Health","volume":"4 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139437649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Burden of Cardiovascular Disease from Air Pollution in Rwanda","authors":"G. Taghian, Samantha Fisher, Thomas C. Chiles, Agnes Binagwaho, Philip J. Landrigan","doi":"10.5334/aogh.4322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/aogh.4322","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rwanda, like many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, is still relatively early in development. Industrialization and urbanization are major drivers of the county’s economic growth. Rwanda is also undergoing an epidemiological transition, from a pattern of morbidity and mortality dominated by infectious diseases to a pattern shaped by non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The rise in NCDs is due, in part, to increasing exposures to environmental hazards. These include emissions from the growing number of motor vehicles and toxic occupational exposures. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is now an increasingly important cause of death in Rwanda, and ambient air pollution is a CVD risk factor of growing importance. Objectives: To quantify the burden of CVD attributable to air pollution in Rwanda and identify opportunities for prevention and control of air pollution and pollution-related disease. Methods: We relied on the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study for information on levels, sources, and trends in household and ambient air pollution and the burden of pollution-related disease in Rwanda. Information on pollution sources was obtained from the Health Effects Institute State of Global Air 2019 report. Findings: An estimated 3,477 deaths (95% Uncertainty Interval [UI]: 2,500–4,600) in Rwanda in 2019 were attributable to air pollution-related CVD. Of these, 689 (UI: 283–1,300) deaths were from ambient air pollution-related CVD, while 2,788 (UI: 1,800–3,800) deaths were from household air pollution-related CVD. Conclusion: Rwanda is experiencing increased rates of disease and premature death from NCDs, including CVD, as the country grows economically. While household air pollution is still the top pollution-related cause of disease and premature death, rising levels of ambient air pollution are an increasingly important CVD risk factor. Recommendation: Actions taken now to curb rising levels of ambient air pollution will improve health, reduce CVD, increase longevity, and produce great economic benefit for Rwanda. The single most effective intervention against air pollution will be a rapid nationwide transition to renewable energy. We recommend additionally that Rwanda prioritize air pollution prevention and control, establish a robust, nationwide air monitoring network, support research on the health effects of air pollutants, and build national research capacity. The allocation of increased resources for rural and urban public health and health care will complement air pollution control measures and further reduce CVD. To incentivize a rapid transition to renewable energy in Rwanda and other nations, we recommend the creation of a new Global Green Development Fund.","PeriodicalId":48857,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Global Health","volume":"53 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139447324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Human Health Benefits of Climate Mitigation, Pollution Prevention, and Biodiversity Preservation.","authors":"Philip J Landrigan, Michael Britt, Samantha Fisher, Amelia Holmes, Manasi Kumar, Jenna Mu, Isabella Rizzo, Anna Sather, Aroub Yousuf, Pushpam Kumar","doi":"10.5334/aogh.4161","DOIUrl":"10.5334/aogh.4161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Since the Industrial Revolution, humanity has amassed great wealth and achieved unprecedented material prosperity. These advances have come, however, at great cost to the planet. They are guided by an economic model that focuses almost exclusively on short-term gain, while ignoring natural capital and human capital. They have relied on the combustion of vast quantities of fossil fuels, massive consumption of the earth's resources, and production and environmental release of enormous quantities of chemicals, pesticides, fertilizers, and plastics. They have caused climate change, pollution, and biodiversity loss, the \"Triple Planetary Crisis\". They are responsible for more than 9 million premature deaths per year and for widespread disease - impacts that fall disproportionately upon the poor and the vulnerable.</p><p><strong>Goals: </strong>To map the human health impacts of climate change, pollution, and biodiversity loss. To outline a framework for assessing the health benefits of interventions against these threats.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Actions taken by national governments and international agencies to mitigate climate change, pollution, and biodiversity loss can improve health, prevent disease, save lives, and enhance human well-being. Yet assessment of health benefits is largely absent from evaluations of environmental remediation programs. This represents a lost opportunity to quantify the full benefits of environmental remediation and to educate policy makers and the public.</p><p><strong>Recommendations: </strong>We recommend that national governments and international agencies implementing interventions against climate change, pollution, and biodiversity loss develop metrics and strategies for quantifying the health benefits of these interventions. We recommend that they deploy these tools in parallel with assessments of ecologic and economic benefits. Health metrics developed by the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study may provide a useful starting point.Incorporation of health metrics into assessments of environmental restoration will require building transdisciplinary collaborations. Environmental scientists and engineers will need to work with health scientists to establish evaluation systems that link environmental and economic data with health data. Such systems will assist international agencies as well as national and local governments in prioritizing environmental interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48857,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Global Health","volume":"90 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10768568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}