Annals of Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Can Clean Delivery Kits Prevent Infections? Lessons from Traditional Birth Attendants in Nigeria","authors":"A. Arowosegbe, I. O. Dedeke, O. Shittu, David Ajiboye Ojo, Joy Stephen Amusan, Opeoluwa Iwaloye, Uwemedimo Friday Ekpo","doi":"10.5334/aogh.4015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/aogh.4015","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In resource-poor settings, perinatal infections contribute significantly to maternal and neonatal deaths, and the use of clean delivery kits (CDKs) has been proposed as a tool to reduce the risk of infection-related deaths. This study aims to assess the acceptability and effectiveness of CDKs in preventing infections in deliveries attended by traditional birth attendants (TBAs) in Abeokuta, Nigeria. Methods: The study was a cluster-randomized trial with 67 birth centres/clusters, 453 births/mothers, and 457 babies randomized to intervention or control arms; intervention involved supplementation of delivery with JANMA CDKs. Interviews were conducted at the birth homes, and the primary outcomes were neonatal infection and puerperal fever. The association between infection and perinatal risk factors was tested using the Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests. Results: CDKs were well accepted by TBAs. The incidence of puerperal fever and neonatal infection was 1.1% and 11.2%, respectively. Concurrent infection was found in 1 (0.22%) of the mother-neonate pair. There was no significant association between any of the sociodemographic factors and infection for both mothers and neonates. PROM and prolonged labour were significantly associated with puerperal infection. All mothers with puerperal fever were from the control group. Compared to the control group, the relative risk of puerperal infection and neonatal infection in the intervention group was 0.08 (0.004 –1.35, p = 0.079) and 0.64 (0.37 to 1.1, p = 0.10), respectively. Conclusion: CDKs hold promising results in attenuating maternal infections in resource-poor settings. Larger studies with greater statistical power are required to establish statistically reliable information.","PeriodicalId":48857,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138596855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Health Insurance and Healthcare Seeking Behavior in Urban Ethiopia.","authors":"Zahra Zarepour, Anagaw Mebratie, Dessalegn Shamebo, Zemzem Shigute, Getnet Alemu, Arjun S Bedi","doi":"10.5334/aogh.4240","DOIUrl":"10.5334/aogh.4240","url":null,"abstract":"Background: After years of planning, in 2024 the government of Ethiopia proposes to introduce a compulsory Social Health Insurance (SHI) program for formal sector employees. The proposed scheme will provide access to contracted healthcare facilities at a premium of 3% of the gross monthly income of employees with another 3% coming from the employer. Objectives: Several studies have examined the willingness to pay (WTP) this premium, however, little is known about the healthcare seeking behavior (HSB) of formal sector employees. This paper investigates both – the determinants of healthcare seeking behavior and among other aspects, WTP the premium. Through these explorations, the paper sheds light on the potential challenges for implementation of SHI. Methods: Descriptive statistics, logit, and multinomial logit (MNL) models are used to analyze retrospective survey data (2,749 formal sector employees) which covers the major regions of the country. Findings: Regarding outpatient care, a majority of the visits (55.9%) were to private healthcare providers. In the case of inpatient care, it was the opposite with a majority of healthcare seekers visiting public sector hospitals (62.5%). A majority of the sample (67%) supported the introduction of SHI but only 24% were willing to pay the proposed SHI premium. The average WTP was 1.6% of gross monthly income. Respondents in the two richest income quintiles were more likely to oppose SHI and consider it unfair. Conclusion: The prominent role of the private sector and the resistance to SHI amongst the two richest income quintiles, suggests that the SHI program needs to actively include private healthcare facilities within its ambit. Additionally, concerted efforts at enhancing the quality of care available at public health facilities, both, in terms of perception and patient-centered care and addressing drug and equipment availability bottlenecks, are needed, if SHI is to garner wider support.","PeriodicalId":48857,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10691283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138478935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing the Global Fight Against HIV/Aids: Strategies, Barriers, and the Road to Eradication.","authors":"Emmanuel Kumah, Dorothy Serwaa Boakye, Richard Boateng, Eunice Agyei","doi":"10.5334/aogh.4277","DOIUrl":"10.5334/aogh.4277","url":null,"abstract":"HIV/AIDS remains one of the most significant global health challenges, affecting millions of people worldwide. Since the inception of the disease, various global response strategies have been devised and implemented, aiming to mitigate its impact and ultimately eradicate it. While these strategies have yielded remarkable progress, there are still key barriers impeding the global fight against the disease. This paper, thus, delves into the key global response strategies employed in response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic since its inception, examines the impediments to their successful implementation, and outlines the trajectory towards a world without AIDS. To continue the momentum in the fight against HIV/AIDS, it is imperative to adopt a multifaceted approach that addresses the existing barriers. One pivotal aspect of this approach involves intensifying efforts to improve the uptake of HIV testing. Encouraging individuals to get tested is a critical step, as it not only aids in identifying more cases of HIV infection but also facilitates the linkage of those affected to appropriate care and support services.","PeriodicalId":48857,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10691281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138478934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inadequate Access to Potable Water Impacts Early Childhood Development in Low-Income Areas in Cape Town, South Africa.","authors":"Caradee Y Wright, Thandi Kapwata, Caylee Cook, Steven J Howard, Hleliwe Makaula, Rebecca Merkley, Mbulelo Mshudulu, Nosibusiso Tshetu, Natasha Naidoo, Gaia Scerif, Catherine E Draper","doi":"10.5334/aogh.4281","DOIUrl":"10.5334/aogh.4281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Water and sanitation are vital to human health and well-being. While these factors have been studied in relation to health, very little has been done to consider such environmental risk factors with child development. Here, we investigated possible relations between household water access/storage and early childhood development in four low-income settlements in the City of Cape Town, Western Cape province of South Africa. Our objectives were 1) to determine water access/storage practices in dwellings of children; 2) to assess early childhood development; and 3) and to understand the relationship between water access/storage practices in relation to early childhood development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a questionnaire to assess household water risk factors and the International Development and Early Learning Assessment (IDELA) tool to assess child early learning / cognitive, socio-emotional and motor development.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean age of the children (N = 192) was 4 years and 55% were female. The mean IDELA score was 48% (range: 36-54%) where the higher the score, the better the child's development. Around 70% of households had a tap inside their dwelling and half said that they stored water with the largest percentage of storage containers (21%) being plastic/no lid. Child IDELA scores were lower for children living in households that did not have an indoor tap and for households who stored water.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Given the risks associated with climate change and the already poor conditions many children face regarding water and sanitation, research is needed to further investigate these relations to provide evidence to support appropriate interventions and ensure healthy child development.</p>","PeriodicalId":48857,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10668882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging School Health Programs in Africa: Integrated Screening for Rheumatic Heart Disease and Dental Caries.","authors":"Euridsse Sulemane Amade, Edna Lichucha, Zakir Ossman, Keila Jamal, Adjine Mastala, Lene Thorup, Carlos José Soares, Roland Aka N'Gueta, Ana Mocumbi","doi":"10.5334/aogh.4239","DOIUrl":"10.5334/aogh.4239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and dental caries (DC) disproportionately affect children and young adults in sub-Saharan countries, with major impact on schoolchildren's health and education. DC in children with RHD constitutes an important risk for fatal complications. Our study aimed at assessing the feasibility of simultaneous RHD and DC screening in school environment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>March 20-24, 2022, we performed an observational descriptive study of schoolchildren in a public school in Maputo City, Mozambique. RHD screening involved two stages: first, a physical examination (including cardiac auscultation and direct observation of the oral cavity), and second, an abbreviated echocardiography performed by a cardiologist. Rapid testing for group A <i>Streptococcus</i> (GAS) was done to every eighth child in the classroom and for those with signs suggesting recent infection, in accordance with the study protocol developed for screening. A multidisciplinary team collected the data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>A total of 954 students (median age 9; range 6-15) were screened. One hundred and twenty-five participants were eligible for a rapid antigen test, of which 6 (4.8%) tested positive. On clinical evaluation 52 children (5.3%) presented a heart murmur. Echocardiography on 362 children showed borderline RHD in 35 children and definite RHD in 2 (0.6%); 1 child had a ventricular septal defect. Dental cavities were present in 444 (48.4%), despite 904 out of 917 students reporting brushing of their teeth once to three times daily (98.6%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>School-based integrated oral and cardiovascular screenings and use of rapid tests for GAS carriage provide crucial information to create customized preventive strategies for rheumatic fever (RF) and RHD in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), in addition to detecting children at very high risk of bacterial endocarditis. The sustainability of such interventions and acceptability by health providers needs to be assessed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48857,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10668885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Middle-Income Countries Access to Vaccines. A Blueprint to Overcome Current Challenges.","authors":"Carlos Espinal, Francisco Becerra-Posada, Jaime R Torres","doi":"10.5334/aogh.4151","DOIUrl":"10.5334/aogh.4151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Global Health Consortium at Florida International University developed an end-to-end solution framework based on the input of a diverse panel of experts from middle-income country (MIC) government agencies, public health think tanks, academia, and nonprofit organizations to identify mechanisms to help MIC governments and stakeholders increase access to novel vaccines for infectious diseases. The resultant layout can be deployed to improve vaccine discovery and development, strengthen regulatory processes, and boost vaccine production, access, and implementation. Mechanisms include policies and incentives MIC governments can use to stimulate vaccine investment and activity, as well as actions government agencies can take together with other stakeholders to coordinate efforts or build capabilities. Through a series of individual virtual interviews, we engaged diverse experts from MIC government agencies, public health think tanks, academia, and nonprofit organizations who understand the vaccine ecosystem, immunization policies, and population health financing at global, regional, and country levels. Responses were mapped, and in-depth questions were prepared for a group virtual discussion. This paper is the result of such a group discussion. The panel identified clear opportunities for MICs to improve locally-driven innovations and future access to novel vaccines. It proposes a solution framework for countries considering investing in vaccine research and development and innovation to use as a guide to evaluate the steps they could take to improve such an environment and incentivize innovation in vaccine development. It is hoped that this end-to-end solution framework will become a key resource to help MICs strengthen policies and take more actions to make such improvements.</p>","PeriodicalId":48857,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10668881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective Humanitarian Work: Teaching Medical Skill Sets in Ukraine.","authors":"Michael S Baker, Rom A Stevens, Jacob Baker","doi":"10.5334/aogh.4306","DOIUrl":"10.5334/aogh.4306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The senior authors traveled to Ukraine to teach specific skills to Ukrainian physicians and other medical professionals, utilizing a 2-day ATLS course, workshops in point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS), lectures and webinars on damage control resuscitation, damage control surgery, and transfusion of whole blood. The authors have focused on providing skill sets that Ukrainian doctors can utilize within their existing system to improve immediate patient care for casualties resulting from the unanticipated Russian invasion and improve outcomes. Given the resource limitations and differences of the Ukrainian healthcare systems, the authors believe Western-based professionals who come to Ukraine to help for short periods should resist the temptation to offer western solutions that may not work in Ukraine. Major improvements in Ukrainian health care will require long-term efforts in teaching but also need to include increased efforts to improve hospitals, clinics, staffing, education, supplies, and equipment. Those who travel to help in Ukraine can still teach short courses that provide skills that Ukrainian doctors and nurses can use within their existing healthcare system to improve the quality of patient care in the immediate period of crisis and hopefully improve outcomes in the near term. It is not a reasonable expectation to think that the delivery of 2-day courses such as ATLS or POCUS will significantly change the country-wide delivery of healthcare. This sort of practice change requires the engagement of medical and political leaders and a sustained reform effort over years, not days or weeks. Supportive countries and non-governmental organizations need to prepare for a long and extensive investment in improving Ukrainian healthcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":48857,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10668876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efforts to Address the Burden of Non-Communicable Diseases Need Local Evidence and Shared Lessons from High-Burden Countries.","authors":"Jackline E Ngowi, Castory Munishi, Harrieth P Ndumwa, Belinda J Njiro, Davis E Amani, Erick A Mboya, Doreen Mloka, Amani I Kikula, Emmanuel Balandya, Paschal Ruggajo, Anna T Kessy, Emilia Kitambala, Ntuli Kapologwe, James T Kengia, James Kiologwe, Omary Ubuguyu, Bakari Salum, Appolinary Kamuhabwa, Kaushik Ramaiya, Bruno F Sunguya","doi":"10.5334/aogh.4118","DOIUrl":"10.5334/aogh.4118","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48857,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10655753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating the Rising Burden of Non-Communicable Diseases through Locally Generated Evidence-Lessons from Tanzania.","authors":"Harrieth P Ndumwa, Davis E Amani, Jackline E Ngowi, Belinda J Njiro, Castory Munishi, Erick A Mboya, Doreen Mloka, Amani I Kikula, Emmanuel Balandya, Paschal Ruggajo, Anna T Kessy, Emilia Kitambala, Ntuli Kapologwe, James T Kengia, James Kiologwe, Omary Ubuguyu, Bakari Salum, Appolinary Kamuhabwa, Kaushik Ramaiya, Bruno F Sunguya","doi":"10.5334/aogh.4111","DOIUrl":"10.5334/aogh.4111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The burden of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) is rapidly increasing globally, and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) bear the brunt of it. Tanzania is no exception. Addressing the rising burden of NCDs in this context calls for renewed efforts and commitment by various stakeholders. This paper highlights local initiatives and strategies to combat NCDs in Tanzania and provides lessons for countries with similar contexts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed published and grey literature and conducted policy analysis on NCDs in Tanzania to examine the burden of NCDs and the national response addressing it. The documents included National NCD strategic plans, NCD research agenda, and reports from the World Diabetes Foundation and the World Health Organization. Moreover, a scoping review of ongoing NCD activities and programs in other countries was also conducted to supplement the evidence gathered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The rising burden of NCDs as a result of the epidemiological transition in Tanzania called for the launching of a dedicated National NCD Control and Prevention Program. The Ministry of Health collaborates with local, national, and international partners on NCD prevention and curative strategies. This led to the development of important guidelines and policies on NCDs, including strengthening the capacity of health facilities and healthcare workers, increased community engagement and awareness of NCDs, and increased advocacy for more resources in NCD initiatives. Strong governmental commitment has been vital; this is demonstrated by a renewed commitment to the fight through national NCD week and related advocacy activities conducted annually. To ensure multi-stakeholders' engagement and political commitment, all these activities are coordinated at the Prime Minister's office and provide strong lessons for countries with contexts similar to Tanzania.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Multi-stakeholders' engagement, innovative approaches, and coordinated governmental efforts to address NCDs have shone a light on addressing the burden of NCDs and may be sustainable if aligned with locally available resources. Such initiatives are recommended for adoption by other nations to address the burdens of NCDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":48857,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10655751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cervical Cancer Prevention in Rural Areas.","authors":"Indira Zhetpisbayeva, Fatima Kassymbekova, Sholpan Sarmuldayeva, Yuliya Semenova, Natalya Glushkova","doi":"10.5334/aogh.4133","DOIUrl":"10.5334/aogh.4133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Globally, cervical cancer (CC) incidence is higher in rural areas than in urban areas that could be explained by the influence of many factors, including inequity in accessibility of the CC prevention measures. This review aimed to identify and analyze factors associated with a lack of cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination programs in people living in rural areas and to outline strategies to mitigate these factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The literature search encompassed two focal domains: cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination among populations residing in rural areas, covering publications between January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2021 in the PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Cyberleninka databases, available in both English and Russian languages.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>A literature review identified 22 sources on cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination in rural and remote areas. These sources revealed similar obstacles to screening and vaccination in both high and low-income countries, such as low awareness and knowledge about CC, screening, and HPV vaccination among rural residents; limited accessibility due to remoteness and dearth of medical facilities and practitioners, associated with a decrease in recommendations from them, and financial constraints, necessitating out-of-pocket expenses. The reviewed sources analyzed strategies to mitigate the outlined challenges. Possible solutions include the introduction of tailored screening and vaccination campaigns designed for residents of rural and remote locations. New screening and vaccination sites have been proposed to overcome geographic barriers. Integrating HPV testing-based CC screening is suggested to counter the lack of healthcare personnel. HPV vaccination is essential for primary cervical cancer prevention, especially in rural and remote areas, as it requires less medical infrastructure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Certain measures can be proposed to improve the uptake of CC screening and HPV vaccination programs among rural residents, which are needed to address the higher prevalence of CC in rural areas. Further investigation into cervical cancer prevention in rural and remote contexts is necessary to ascertain the optimal strategies that promote health equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":48857,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10624144/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71487795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}