Carbon Neutrality最新文献_第3页

Understanding steric hindrance effect of solvent molecule in localized high-concentration electrolyte for lithium metal batteries 了解锂金属电池局部高浓度电解质中溶剂分子的立体阻碍效应

Carbon Neutrality Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1007/s43979-023-00074-4

Xinpeng Li, Yuxue Pan, Yue Liu, Yulin Jie, Shunqiang Chen, Shiyang Wang, Zixu He, Xiaodi Ren, Tao Cheng, R. Cao, Shuhong Jiao

引用次数: 0

Climate finance at a crossroads: it is high time to use the global solution for global problems 气候融资处于十字路口:是时候用全球解决方案来解决全球问题了

Carbon Neutrality Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1007/s43979-023-00071-7

Ji Qi, Haoqi Qian

{"title":"Climate finance at a crossroads: it is high time to use the global solution for global problems","authors":"Ji Qi, Haoqi Qian","doi":"10.1007/s43979-023-00071-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43979-023-00071-7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The failure of the USD 100-billion climate finance pledge under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) could be attributed to a series of reasons: the inconsistent rules, the ambiguity of accountability issues, the political and economic motivations of donor countries, the weak governance capability of developing countries, etc. In addition to the predicament of climate finance commitments made by industrialized nations, South-South cooperation is becoming an important supplemental approach and is acknowledged by the Paris Agreement as an essential means of support. Through studying a broad set of literature on climate finance governance, the study aims to provide a clear picture of the current muddle in climate finance and China’s new role in the architecture. We do this by first looking into the disjointed system of reporting and accounting standards for climate finance as well as what causes the international climate finance gap. On the one hand, the self-interests and geopolitical concerns of donor countries led to considerable challenges to distributive justice in climate finance allocation. On the other hand, climate finance from rich countries has yet to make a substantial dent in enhancing developing countries’ resilience to climate change. Finally, we argue that China-led climate-related development assistance and South-South cooperation on climate change has a tremendous potential for vulnerable countries to realize their climate action priorities and address the climate injustice.","PeriodicalId":488328,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Neutrality","volume":"30 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135390291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Redox flow batteries and their stack-scale flow fields 氧化还原液流电池及其层叠流场

Carbon Neutrality Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s43979-023-00072-6

Jing Sun, Zixiao Guo, Lyuming Pan, Xinzhuang Fan, Lei Wei, Tianshou Zhao

{"title":"Redox flow batteries and their stack-scale flow fields","authors":"Jing Sun, Zixiao Guo, Lyuming Pan, Xinzhuang Fan, Lei Wei, Tianshou Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s43979-023-00072-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43979-023-00072-6","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract To achieve carbon neutrality, integrating intermittent renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind energy, necessitates the use of large-scale energy storage. Among various emerging energy storage technologies, redox flow batteries are particularly promising due to their good safety, scalability, and long cycle life. In order to meet the ever-growing market demand, it is essential to enhance the power density of battery stacks to lower the capital cost. One of the key components that impact the battery performance is the flow field, which is to distribute electrolytes onto electrodes. The design principle of flow fields is to maximize the distribution uniformity of electrolytes at a minimum pumping work. This review provides an overview of the progress and perspectives in flow field design and optimization, with an emphasis on the scale-up process. The methods used to evaluate the performance of flow fields, including both experimental and numerical techniques, are summarized, and the benefits of combining diverse methods are highlighted. The review then investigates the pattern design and structure optimization of serpentine- and interdigitated-based flow fields before discussing challenges and strategies for scaling up these flow fields. Finally, the remaining challenges and the prospects for designing highly efficient flow fields for battery stacks are outlined.","PeriodicalId":488328,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Neutrality","volume":"170 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135161350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modular design of solar-powered photocathodic metal protection device 太阳能光电阴极金属保护装置的模块化设计

Carbon Neutrality Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1007/s43979-023-00068-2

Hui Xie, Lilac Amirav, Zheng Xing

{"title":"Modular design of solar-powered photocathodic metal protection device","authors":"Hui Xie, Lilac Amirav, Zheng Xing","doi":"10.1007/s43979-023-00068-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43979-023-00068-2","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Metal corrosion leads to severe economic losses and safety hazards to human society. As an energy-efficient and sustainable anticorrosion technique, photocathodic protection (PCP) systems have received growing attention in the past two decades. However, the existing PCP devices barely meet the requirements of adequate metal protection in real-world scenarios. This perspective aims to provide some constructive insights into the rational design of PCP devices and propose “functional module integration” as a new concept for future PCP systems. Similarly to multi-layered solar cells, PCP systems may incorporate multiple modules based on the corresponding functions. These include photoabsorber module (PAM), electron transfer module (ETM), hole transfer module (HTM), hole consumption module (HCM), and electron storage module (ESM). With such a modular design, improved capture of sunlight and fast charge separation, directional transportation, and effective utilization of the photogenerated carriers might be attained. Consequently, the solar-to-electric energy conversion efficiency and operation consistency of PCP devices can be significantly boosted, paving the way for practical application of solar-powered metal protection technology. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":488328,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Neutrality","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135666621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Techno-economic and life cycle assessment of the integration of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage in the polygeneration system (BECCS-PS) for producing green electricity and methanol 在多联产系统(BECCS-PS)中整合生物能源与碳捕获和储存以生产绿色电力和甲醇的技术经济和生命周期评估

Carbon Neutrality Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.1007/s43979-023-00069-1

Muhammad Raihan Pratama, Rahma Muthia, Widodo Wahyu Purwanto

{"title":"Techno-economic and life cycle assessment of the integration of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage in the polygeneration system (BECCS-PS) for producing green electricity and methanol","authors":"Muhammad Raihan Pratama, Rahma Muthia, Widodo Wahyu Purwanto","doi":"10.1007/s43979-023-00069-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43979-023-00069-1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) has the potential to produce negative emissions. This study assessed the overall energy efficiency and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) avoidance costs and emission footprint following the integration of BECCS with a polygeneration system (BECCS-PS) for the co-production of green electricity and methanol. The process was simulated in Aspen Plus and Aspen HYSYS v.11. Oil palm empty fruit bunches were used as the feed in a biomass integrated gasification combined cycle power plant. The flue gas, which contained CO 2 , was captured for methanol synthesis and carbon storage. Green hydrogen for use in methanol synthesis was produced through proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis powered by solar PV (PV-PEM) and geothermal power with double-flash technology (GEO-PEM). The environmental impacts of the process were investigated by a life cycle assessment and the economic aspects were evaluated using the levelized cost method. The overall system efficiency was higher in the PV-PEM scenario than in the GEO-PEM scenario. For any production capacities, the green electricity generated from the BECCS-PS plant resulted in negative emissions. A biomass power plant with a low production capacity generated higher production and CO 2 avoidance costs than that with a larger production capacity. The CO 2 − eq emissions and costs for methanol production in the PV-PEM scenario were larger than those in the GEO-PEM scenario, with values of -0.83 to -0.70 kg CO 2 − eq /kg MeOH and 1,191–1,237 USD/ton, respectively. The corresponding values were − 1.65 to -1.52 kg CO 2 − eq /kg MeOH and 918–961 USD/ton, respectively, for the GEO-PEM scenario. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":488328,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Neutrality","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135790501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Retraining investment for Alberta’s oil and gas workers for green jobs in the solar industry 为艾伯塔省的石油和天然气工人提供投资再培训，让他们从事太阳能行业的绿色工作

Carbon Neutrality Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1007/s43979-023-00067-3

Theresa K. Meyer, Carol Hunsberger, Joshua M. Pearce

{"title":"Retraining investment for Alberta’s oil and gas workers for green jobs in the solar industry","authors":"Theresa K. Meyer, Carol Hunsberger, Joshua M. Pearce","doi":"10.1007/s43979-023-00067-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43979-023-00067-3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract If oil sands are to be eliminated from the energy market to protect the global environment, human health and long-term economic welfare, a significant number of workers will be displaced in the transition to renewable energy technologies. This study outlines a cost-effective and convenient path for oil and gas workers in Alberta to be retrained in the burgeoning solar photovoltaic (PV) industry. Many oil and gas workers would be able to transfer fields with no additional training required. This study examines retraining options for the remainder of workers using the most closely matching skill equivalent PV job to minimize retraining time. The costs for retraining all oil sands workers are quantified and aggregated. The results show the total costs for retaining all oil sands workers in Alberta for the PV industry ranges between CAD$91.5 m and CAD$276.2 m. Thus, only 2–6% of federal, provincial, and territorial oil and gas subsidies for a single year would need to be reallocated to provide oil and gas workers with a new career of approximately equivalent pay. The results of this study clearly show that a rapid transition to sustainable energy production is feasible as costs of retraining oil and gas workers are far from prohibitive.","PeriodicalId":488328,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Neutrality","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136337090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of carbon price on Indonesia’s power sector up to 2050 2050年前碳价对印尼电力行业的影响

Carbon Neutrality Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1007/s43979-023-00066-4

Firsta Arianty Kamandika, Shobhakar Dhakal

{"title":"Impact of carbon price on Indonesia’s power sector up to 2050","authors":"Firsta Arianty Kamandika, Shobhakar Dhakal","doi":"10.1007/s43979-023-00066-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43979-023-00066-4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study uses TIMES model to assess Indonesia’s power sector’s carbon price impact from 2020 to 2050 and the price needed by 2030 to meet the Paris Agreement NDC target. Four scenarios are used to model the impact of carbon price up to 2050: no carbon price, Indonesia’s current price of USD 2.02/tCO 2 e, ICPF middle- and high-income countries, USD 50/tCO 2 e and USD 75/tCO 2 e. Four price scenarios—10, 25, 35, and 150 USD/tCO 2 e —are added to better understand the carbon price’s effects. As carbon prices rise, installed capacity and power generation will shift to lower-carbon technology. Ultracritical coal, gas-fired, solar, geothermal, and hydropower plants will replace subcritical coal. Investment, fixed, and variable costs would exceed BaU with a higher carbon price. 2.02 to 25 USD/tCO 2 e can start the coal-to-gas switch but not significantly change the generation profile. The generation will change significantly above 35 USD/tCO 2 e. Carbon emissions peak lower with rising carbon prices. USD 25 carbon price reduces emissions significantly; a carbon price below that is costly and ineffective. Indonesian Law No. 16 of 2016 ratified the Paris Agreement NDC, committing Indonesia to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 29% by 2030 or 41% with international assistance. Energy sector emissions need to decrease by 11% for a 29 percent reduction and 14% for a 41 percent reduction. A 29% reduction requires USD 39.65/tCO 2 e carbon price, while a 41% reduction requires USD 43.78/tCO 2 e. These prices are still within the reasonable ICPF price limit for Indonesia to approach the middle-income country price floor.","PeriodicalId":488328,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Neutrality","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135817811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The relative importance of carbon markets to the waste management sector’s future contribution to climate change commitments under the Paris Agreement: insights from Australia 碳市场对废物管理部门未来对《巴黎协定》下气候变化承诺的贡献的相对重要性:来自澳大利亚的见解

Carbon Neutrality Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.1007/s43979-023-00063-7

Daniel Rossetto

{"title":"The relative importance of carbon markets to the waste management sector’s future contribution to climate change commitments under the Paris Agreement: insights from Australia","authors":"Daniel Rossetto","doi":"10.1007/s43979-023-00063-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43979-023-00063-7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper presents research that analyses the relative importance of carbon markets to sustainable waste management projects in Australia. It identifies that a large proportion of carbon credits issued have been generated by landfill to electricity projects, which effectively rely on the continuation of landfilling practices. More ambition is needed to realise the potential of circular solutions that reduce, recover and utilise waste before disposal. The research also shows that, through modelling the financial performance of two theoretical waste to energy projects that would result in diversion of waste from landfill, simultaneous use of revenue support mechanisms (carbon markets and renewable energy certificate programs), cost of capital support programs (like concessional finance) and avoided landfilling levies in the deployment of waste management projects can be justified. The paper illustrates the significant contribution carbon revenues can make to project additionality at the investment-decision stage, adding between 2–10% to ex-ante estimates of pre-tax equity returns. This shows that a project’s additionality is not invalidated in cases where it accesses more than one support mechanism. There are many policy and practice applications for these findings in Australia and globally. They include within ongoing international efforts to define modalities for the new Article 6.4 mechanism under the Paris Agreement, reforms to how developing countries access to climate finance (including, but not limited to, the Bridgetown Initiative 2.0 (The Bridgetown Initiative 2.0: https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/blog/2023/04/press-release-with-clock-ticking-for-the-sdgs-un-chief-and-barbados-prime-minister-call-for-urgent-action-to-transform-broken-global-financial-system/ )); and through the domestic policies and mechanisms countries adopt so they are fit-for-purpose to support implementation of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC).","PeriodicalId":488328,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Neutrality","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136235743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding Nigeria’s transition pathway to carbon neutrality using the Multilevel Perspective 用多层次视角理解尼日利亚向碳中和过渡的途径

Carbon Neutrality Pub Date : 2023-09-19 DOI: 10.1007/s43979-023-00065-5

Chukwuemeka G. Ogbonna, Christy C. Nwachi, Immaculata O. Okeoma, Oluwatosin A. Fagbami

{"title":"Understanding Nigeria’s transition pathway to carbon neutrality using the Multilevel Perspective","authors":"Chukwuemeka G. Ogbonna, Christy C. Nwachi, Immaculata O. Okeoma, Oluwatosin A. Fagbami","doi":"10.1007/s43979-023-00065-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43979-023-00065-5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nigeria, at the 2021 Conference of Parties (COP26) meeting in Glasgow announced a commitment to transitioning her carbon economy to reach net-zero by 2060. One year after, the country’s drive for carbon neutrality is shrouded with uncertainties despite numerous policies targeted at it. This study employed the Multilevel Perspective (MLP) and PESTLE (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, Environmental) analytical framework to assess the politics of low-carbon transition in Nigeria. We used a triangulation of literature review, document analysis, and survey to build the theoretical, historical, and empirical bases for the enquiry. The findings show that the current low-carbon transition process is characterised by few potential drivers and many barriers with critical uncertainty effects. The key drivers are: Nigeria’s potentials for carbon sink/nature-based solutions; vast renewable energy resources; strong niche market demand; and huge opportunities for employment in the renewable energy sector. The major barriers are: poor management of the energy regime; weak infrastructural base; dependence on global climate fund; fossil fuel-based economy; cost of renewable energy options; and impacts of climate change, among others. The barriers with critical impacts outweigh the potential drivers at the ratio of 4:1 thereby playing greater role in characterizing Nigeria’s transition pathway as the ‘reconfiguration transition pathway’ within the ‘emergent transformation context.’ Therefore, unless the identified regime barriers are eliminated, the current transition pathway may not deliver the low-carbon targets. Considering the huge mitigation potentials of Nigeria’s vast forests and natural ecosystem for carbon sink, the study recommends investment in nature-based solutions in synergy with energy system management as the most convenient and cost-effective pathway to attaining carbon neutrality by 2060.","PeriodicalId":488328,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Neutrality","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135061307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recent advances in efficient and scalable solar hydrogen production through water splitting 通过水分解高效和可扩展的太阳能制氢的最新进展

Carbon Neutrality Pub Date : 2023-09-11 DOI: 10.1007/s43979-023-00064-6

Yihao Zheng, Ming Ma, Huaiyu Shao

{"title":"Recent advances in efficient and scalable solar hydrogen production through water splitting","authors":"Yihao Zheng, Ming Ma, Huaiyu Shao","doi":"10.1007/s43979-023-00064-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43979-023-00064-6","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Solar hydrogen production through water splitting is the most important and promising approach to obtaining green hydrogen energy. Although this technology developed rapidly in the last two decades, it is still a long way from true commercialization. In particular, the efficiency and scalability of solar hydrogen production have attracted extensive attention in the field of basic research. Currently, the three most studied routes for solar hydrogen production include photocatalytic (PC), photoelectrochemical (PEC), and photovoltaic-electrochemical (PV-EC) water splitting. In this review, we briefly introduce the motivation of developing green hydrogen energy, and then summarize the influential breakthroughs on efficiency and scalability for solar hydrogen production, especially those cases that are instructive to practical applications. Finally, we analyze the challenges facing the industrialization of hydrogen production from solar water splitting and provide insights for accelerating the transition from basic research to practical applications. Overall, this review can provide a meaningful reference for addressing the issues of efficiency improvement and scale expansion of solar hydrogen production, thereby promoting the innovation and growth of renewable hydrogen energy industry. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":488328,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Neutrality","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135980562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0