Journal of Engineering Research最新文献

{"title":"Quality of service aware improved coati optimization algorithm for efficient task scheduling in cloud computing environment","authors":"P. Tamilarasu ,&nbsp;G. Singaravel","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2023.09.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2023.09.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The task scheduling has a potential impact on overall system performance and resource utilization in the domain of Cloud Computing. Cloud computing adopts a cloud service provider (CSP) for facilitating access and delivering services to the shared resources. Task scheduling in clouds can be attained some symmetry form which helps in achieving predominant resource optimization that includes energy efficiency and load balancing. This task scheduling process of cloud computing pertains to the problem of Non-deterministic Polynomial (NP) which can be significantly solved using the techniques of metaheuristic optimization for enhancing the job scheduling effectiveness. In this paper, an Improved Coati Optimization Algorithm-based Task Scheduling (ICOATS) is presented for addressing the issues of lengthier scheduling time, high consumptions of cost and maximized load on Virtual Machine (VM) in cloud computing environment. In this proposed ICOATS, a model for distribution and scheduling of tasks is constructed using the factors of VMs, cost and time. It further included a multi-objective fitness function which targets on minimizing makespan, and at the same time maximizing the rate of resource utilization. It established possible plan for every coati with respect to task scheduling process that aids in determining the best solution (optimal assignment of incoming tasks to VMs). It is proposed with the capability of handing the problem of premature convergence by incorporating an exploitation strategy which improving the local search potential with well-balanced trade-off amid exploration and exploitation. The simulation results of this ICOATS approach under its evaluation with the existing metaheuristic task scheduling approaches confirmed better improvement in reducing makespan, and simultaneously enhances the turnaround efficiency, success rate and availability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"12 4","pages":"Pages 768-780"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134917285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A network data envelopment analysis to evaluate the performance of a sustainable supply chain using bootstrap simulation","authors":"Masoud Vaseei ,&nbsp;Maryam Daneshmand-Mehr ,&nbsp;Morteza Bazrafshan ,&nbsp;Armin Ghane Kanafi","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2023.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2023.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a non-parametric method to calculate the efficiency of decision-making units (DMU) under evaluation that perform the same activity. The frontier obtained by this method is a relative frontier accessible in the real world. Due to the uncertainty of the population distribution, the accuracy of the achieved efficiency is questioned. Therefore, this research aims to present a network data envelopment analysis model to evaluate the performance of a sustainable supply chain using bootstrap simulation. In this research, using the two-step approach of data envelopment analysis and the bootstrap method, the information collected from 25 tomato paste companies for the year 2021 has been analyzed. To illustrate the proposed method, a real case study is considered in the Iranian tomato paste supply chain network. The findings showed that using definitive data, 16 companies are efficient and 9 companies are inefficient, and using bootstrap simulation data, 4 companies are efficient and 21 companies are inefficient. Using the proposed framework, the overall efficiency value has been calculated in two cases using DEA and the bootstrap model. In addition, the efficiency of the stage is calculated separately. Based on the calculated results, if a DMU is considered efficient, its efficiency score is equal to 1 in each of the stages. Otherwise, the cause of the inefficiency of each DMU is identified. Also, based on the comparisons made between the proposed model and the basic models based on sensitivity analysis, the accuracy of the proposed bootstrap-based model in introducing the number of efficient units has been better than the basic models. Therefore, the accuracy of the used method can be concluded.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"12 4","pages":"Pages 904-915"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134936394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing eco-concrete performance through synergistic integration of sugarcane, metakaolin, and crumb rubber: Experimental investigation and response surface optimization","authors":"Uday Waghe ,&nbsp;Dhiraj Agrawal ,&nbsp;Khalid Ansari ,&nbsp;Monali Wagh ,&nbsp;Mugahed Amran ,&nbsp;Badr T. Alsulami ,&nbsp;Hassan M. Maqbool ,&nbsp;Yaser Gamil","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2023.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2023.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable construction has gained paramount importance due to the consideration of the devastating effects of construction activities on the environment. Researchers are exploring innovative approaches to mitigate the carbon footprint and enhance the durability of concrete. In order to regulate the demand and cost of concrete constituents, such as cement and sand, there is a need to invent alternative materials and utilize various industrial and agricultural wastes instead of concrete ingredients, either partially or completely. The experimental investigation and optimization of eco-concrete composites by integrating sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA), metakaolin (MK), and crumb rubber (CR) are cutting-edge research areas that aim to develop environmentally friendly and high-performance concrete materials. The present research work has attempted to utilize SCBA up to 15% by weight of cement with an increment of 5%, MK as a fractional exchange of cement up to 15% with 5% intervals, and CR was utilized as fractional volumetric substitution of sand from 0% to 15% in concrete. Different sets of combinations were evaluated to identify effects on density, workability, compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, and microstructural properties. This study has obtained satisfactory results when compared to the control concrete for 10% substitution of cement with MK and 10% substitution of cement with SCBA, along with a 10% replacement of fine aggregate (i.e., sand) with CR. The results were analyzed and optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), which illuminated a strong correlation between experimental findings and RSM models, with an R squared (R2) value of 0.9580. The experimental findings and RSM models showed a significant correlation. The increment in the substitution of sand with CR resulted in a decline in strength, and it can be controlled by adopting different effective pretreatment techniques for CR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"12 4","pages":"Pages 645-658"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135347497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing data phishing risks associated with unencrypted apps on smartphones with non-parametric test and random forest model: Insights from Kuwait phishing scam calls","authors":"Gishma Paulson","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2023.09.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2023.09.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The outbreak of covid-19 has helped M-commerce to strengthen its roots and helped to increase the number of customers in different industries. Likewise, Electronics product companies also developed M-commerce platforms such as mobile applications (Apps) regardless of their website to sell their products based on customers’ interests and likes. In order to create personalized and targeted marketing strategies, companies collect data from users of M-commerce platforms. For this, they have taken the data from the Handheld device users who installed the companies’ applications with or without the consent of the users which raises ethical concerns related to privacy and security. Unlike other studies this research explores the reason of increased data phishing cases in Kuwait from 2020 and the findings are supported by statistics using machine learning and python language. This paper examines the ethical implications-data phishing chances from users if M-commerce platforms of electronics Apps which are data unencrypted installed in the smartphones. The study employs a mixed-methods approach that includes semi-structured interviews with industry experts and customers, Checking the M-commerce Data privacy details, and analysis of relevant literature. Using the study's survey findings, the hypothesis was tested and a machine learning model was developed that predicts the likelihood of data theft when two specific apps are installed on a smartphone. The research pointed out that the null hypothesis is true and there is approximately 82% of chance if the smart phone users installs data unencrypted apps in the device.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"12 4","pages":"Pages 761-767"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135348908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of agriculture waste materials as sustainable adsorbents for heavy metal removal: A comprehensive review","authors":"Abdalrahman Alsulaili ,&nbsp;Khalad Elsayed ,&nbsp;Abdelrahman Refaie","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2023.09.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2023.09.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low cost-adsorbent has been a good candidate as an alternative for commercial activated carbon in the application of water treatment. As they possess the capability of adsorbing contaminants, from wastewater and their use minimizes waste in the environment. Heavy metals have been a primary water pollutant since the increase in processing and production of several materials such as steel, copper, etc. Therefore, research has been conducted on the utilization of agricultural wastes which may serve as low-price adsorbents. In this paper, four main categories of agricultural waste materials, namely nut shells/stones, hulls/husks/seed coats, agroforestry peels, and others were investigated and compared as adsorbents to remove or minimize several wastewater impurities described in previous research. The results showed that the Nut shells/stones, such as green coconut single component, demonstrate effective adsorption capacities for lead and cadmium, while hulls/husks/seed coats, including soya bean hulls and modified Lentil husk, exhibit remarkable adsorption of copper and lead. The utilization of agroforestry peels, including chemically modified orange peel and orange peel, shows promising results in the removal of cadmium and nickel. Furthermore, the cost analysis shows variations in the estimated expenses associated with the utilization of these waste materials. Agroforestry peels demonstrate slightly lower estimated expenses, while Nut shells and hulls/husks exhibit comparable cost estimates. Future research should focus on the optimization of adsorption capacities, the exploration of practical applications, and the assessment of economic feasibility for potential large-scale implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"12 4","pages":"Pages 691-703"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135389181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Artificial Intelligence based automated case-based reasoning (CBR) system for severity investigation and root-cause analysis of road accidents – Comparative analysis with the predictions of ChatGPT","authors":"K. Venkatesh Raja ,&nbsp;R. Siddharth ,&nbsp;S. Yuvaraj ,&nbsp;K.A. Ramesh Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2023.09.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2023.09.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Road accidents have been progressively causing havoc in our society and certain preventive measures must be taken to reduce or possibly eliminate road accidents. The derivative of a road accident ranges from a mild injury to casualty. This research work mainly focusses on developing a novel case-based reasoning system to investigate and troubleshoot the cause of road accidents on a war-foot basis. First, the dominant attributes contributing to the cause of road accidents are identified and finalized as 28. A unique road accident dataset is developed which comprises of 1028 data collected from web resources, popular news magazines and extended further to large scale database of one-million cases by biased random number simulation. Each attribute is given a severity weightage of 1,2 and 3 for computing the net weighted score for a case in the database. Also, non-weighted scores are computed by introduction of a primary number dataset to maintain the uniqueness of the score which is further used for similarity analytics. Now, an accident news is randomly selected, and Rapid automatic keyword extraction (RAKE) schema is used as Natural language processor (NLP) for extracting the dominant keywords from the news articles. The extracted keywords are compared and further mapped into a factor-matrix comprising 28 attributes causing road accidents. Further, similarity analytics is performed to evaluate the severity scores and comparison of new cases. The system demonstrated high retrieval accuracy with all road accident cases collected from real world scenarios. This research has great prospects on troubleshooting road accident cases effectively and provides instant promising troubleshooting measures to prevent such accidents in the future. Also, the proposed framework might be useful for intelligent decision-making systems and automated driving systems. Based on the final outlook, a comprehensive framework for national road safety could be developed and passed as a valid law for implementation. Finally, the forecasted results of the proposed algorithm are compared with the predictions of Chat GPT program.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"12 4","pages":"Pages 895-903"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135389283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empirical model and side friction factor effect on desired operating speed at horizontal curved road","authors":"Debela Jima,&nbsp;Tibor Sipos","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.01.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.01.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The road surface and its geometric condition affect the vehicle's desired operating speed. This paper is framed to examine an empirical model for the desired operating speed due to the variation of the side friction factor at horizontal road curvature across the design period. The minimum radius equation developed by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) was used to analyze the desired operating speed at the confessed minimum radius, maximum side friction factor, and superelevation. This empirical formula indicated that speed and side friction factors had a direct relationship. Even though this empirical equation cannot define the relationship between desired speed and side friction across the design period except at the opening phase of the road, based on the research gap indicated above, this study proposes an empirical model used to explore the desired operating speed that resulted from the variation of the side friction factor across the design period. To have a structured flow of ideas, a theoretical model was used to create the approach of the specific research inquiry. For exploration purposes, this study used a maximum superelevation of 8 %, the same minimum radius, and the AASTHO recommended side friction factor. Based on the proposed empirical model, this study confirmed that the desired speed increases and decreases as side friction decreases and increases, respectively. Except that vehicular movement is in a static state, at an unrealistic side friction factor (f = 0), and at a critical zone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"12 4","pages":"Pages 732-739"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139874436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental studies on performance and emission measures of a 4-stroke compression ignition engine using palm bio-diesel blended with N-butanol","authors":"Bichitra Nanda Behera,&nbsp;Tapano Kumar Hotta","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2023.07.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2023.07.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The enormous consumption of energy, stiff increase in oil prices, and customary fuel degradation contribute to massive fuel crises in most of the developed countries. Despite the mild energy disaster and extreme environmental regulations, Diesel engines pose a vital option for automobile vehicles. However, the increased Diesel emissions and the higher labor cost associated to cut down the same make the Bio-diesels blended with N-butanol a better option to resolve the fossil gasoline problems in the future. Hence, the present study highlights the performance and emission measures of a 4-stroke Compression Ignition (CI) engine using N-butanol additive (solvent) with Palm Bio-diesel. Experiments are conducted (i) with only Diesel (ii) with Palm Bio-diesel (in percentages of 10, 15, and 20) mixed with Diesel, and (iii) with N-butanol additive (considered 10% only) to the mixture of Palm Bio-diesel (in percentages of 10, 15, and 20) and Diesel. Experimental analyses are carried out in the same engine using an eddy current dynamometer. The effect of various performance parameters like Brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), Brake thermal efficiency (BTE), Brake specific energy consumption (BSEC), and Exhaust gas temperature (EGT) on the engine load (varying between 0 and 16 N) is evaluated. On the other hand, different regulated emission measures like Smoke opacity, Nitrogen Oxide (NO_x), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Carbon Dioxide (CO₂), and Hydrocarbons (HC) are also evaluated at the same engine loads. The idea is to identify the feasibility and potential benefits of these biofuel blends in the CI engine. Adding 10% N-butanol to Bio-diesel, the HC, CO₂, CO, and smoke opacity are reduced to a greater extent. The NO_x emissions are also controlled to a larger extent using N-butanol. Again, the BA10 (10% Palm Bio-diesel, 10% N-butanol, and 80% Diesel) has a 2% higher BTE and a 1.33% lower BSFC compared to Diesel and B10 (10% Palm Bio-diesel, and 90% Diesel). The addition of N-butanol to Diesel also helps in reducing the fuel density, kinematic viscosity, and cetane value of blended fuels and can be used as a substitute fuel for Diesel engines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"12 4","pages":"Pages 976-983"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78926468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of tensile strength of biochar filled polylactic acid composites via box-behnken design","authors":"Vianney Andrew Yiga ,&nbsp;Michael Lubwama ,&nbsp;Denis Karemani ,&nbsp;Denis Bbosa ,&nbsp;Emmanuel B.O. Olotu ,&nbsp;Peter Wilberforce Olupot ,&nbsp;Faith Natukunda","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2023.100142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2023.100142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most studies on tensile strength of agricultural residue biochar fiber-reinforced PLA composites make use of the one-factor at a time method, which involves changing one of the independent factors at a time while keeping others constant. A shortcoming with this technique is that it cannot consider possible interactions between parameters and does not provide the optimum combination of factors to predict the maximum tensile strength of composites. In this study, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the tensile strength of rice husks biochar fiber reinforced polylactic acid composites. Biochar loading (10, 20, and 30 wt%), magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂) loading (5,7.5, and 10 wt%), and biochar length (0.3,1.8, and 3.3 mm) were used to design the experiments using the Box-Behnken design (BBD). PLA composites were prepared using compression molding. Experimental results were analyzed by analysis of variance and fitted to a quadratic model by using multiple regression analysis. The desirability function revealed that the values of process variables leading to optimized tensile strength (25.46 MPa) were 30 wt%, 5 wt% and 2.50 mm for biochar loading, Mg(OH)₂ loading, and biochar length, respectively. Analysis of Variance results revealed Mg(OH)₂ content and biochar content as the most significant model terms. From validation experiments, a high degree of correlation was found between the actual values and the predicted values of tensile strength, with an R² value of 0.9943. TGA results showed the combustion process took place in three main stages. Coats-Redfern method had a 0.9522 coefficient of determination value, signalling satisfactory fit of the TG data. The optimized composite was favored to format activated complex due to low energy barrier (&lt;7 kJ/mol) between activation energy and enthalpy values.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"12 4","pages":"Pages 963-975"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77024294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation study of single solar cell structures based on the compositionally variable perovskite material CsSn(I1−xBrx)3 for tandem configured solar cells","authors":"Hayat Arbouz","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2023.09.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2023.09.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work involves simulating the performance of a single solar cell configured TiO₂/CsSn(I_1−xBr_x)₃/Cu₂O, based on the lead-free, metallic CsSn(I_1−xBr_x)₃ perovskite absorber, whose bandgap energy is tunable as a function of its bromine content. The simulation model used takes into account the variation of the physical parameters of the absorber as a function of its composition, represented by the ratio x, and also makes it possible to obtain the photovoltaic performance of the device studied as a function of x. The state of the front interface between the ETL electron-transport layer and the perovskite absorber was evaluated as a function of (x), by calculating the conduction bandgap offset and the misfit strain. Different electron transport layers were considered. The simulation results showed that the absorber composition influences all photovoltaic parameters, and that the choice of electron transport layer is important to achieve a compromise between device performance and the correct state of the front interface. The results indicate that CdZnS and CdS ETL materials correspond to bromine absorption ratios of x = 0 and x = 0.35 for which the conduction band offset values are − 0.03 eV and 0 eV respectively and the misfit strain 0.09 and 0.057, while ZnSe and ZnS correspond to ratios of x = 0.75 and x = 1 for which the conduction band offsets are 0 eV and 0.38 eV respectively and the strain 0.056 and 0.08. Based on these results, we determined the following optimal structures: CdZnS/CsSnI₃/Cu₂O and CdS/CsSn(I_0.65Br_0.35)₃/Cu2O, which achieved yields of 18.1% and 18.5% respectively, as suitable for lower subcells with narrow bandgap energies, while the structures: ZnSe/CsSn(I_0.25Br_0.75)₃/Cu₂O and ZnS/CsSnBr₃/Cu₂O, which achieved efficiencies of 17.5% and 18% respectively, as top sub-cells with wide bandgap energies, in a tandem solar cell device. The aim is to develop highly efficient, non-toxic and stable single and tandem perovskite cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"12 4","pages":"Pages 610-615"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134917282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}