Journal of Engineering Research最新文献

{"title":"Hydro-mechanical deep drawing of conical components: Wrinkling behavior and process enhancement","authors":"Afsoon Amini ,&nbsp;Hassan Moslemi Naeini ,&nbsp;Hamed Deilami Azodi ,&nbsp;Hossein Talebi-Ghadikolaee ,&nbsp;Hassan Badparva ,&nbsp;Ali Zeinolabedin-Beygi","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the hydro-mechanical deep drawing process of a conical part through finite element simulations using ABAQUS software. The central focus is on investigating the occurrence of wrinkling during the forming process. Given the limitations in generalizing previous studies on wrinkling, there is a critical necessity to comprehensively comprehend and mitigate wrinkling behavior through an investigation into the interplay of various parameters. In response to the recognized challenge of minimizing wrinkles, an experimental setup with a hydro-mechanical deep drawing die was resented, aiming to validate and refine the simulation results. Additionally, a comprehensive study is conducted regarding the effect of fluid pressure, chamber pressure, pre-bulge height, friction coefficients, and sheet thickness on wrinkling behavior. The findings reveal that, at a pre-bulge pressure of 40 bar and a pre-bulge height of 2 mm, the minimum wrinkling height is observed to be merely 0.02 mm — the lowest recorded value. Notably, an increasing drawing ratio demands a 50% higher minimum chamber pressure to prevent wrinkling in the flange. Furthermore, a larger distance between the sheet and the die reduces the safe working range by approximately 57%, impacting the production of a wrinkle-free part. Conversely, elevating the pre-bulge pressure results in a 50% expansion in the safe working area for producing a wrinkle-free part. By explicitly stating the challenge of minimizing wrinkles, this study aims to contribute valuable insights into optimizing the hydro-mechanical deep drawing process for enhanced efficiency and improved product quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"Pages 975-984"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140756410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simplified potential source density function based on predefined discretization","authors":"Jeong Eun Kim ,&nbsp;In Sun Kim ,&nbsp;Soo Ran Won ,&nbsp;Daehyun Wee","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.02.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The potential source contribution function (PSCF) method is widely used in the analysis of air pollutant source areas, but it also faces several limitations. To address such limitations, the potential source density function (PSDF) method was developed based on Gaussian process regression (GPR). However, the PSDF model requires more computational resources than the PSCF model. Here, we present an enhanced model with improved speed. We discretized the PSDF method by assigning a predetermined spatial correlation between cells through a priori known correlation length scale. The time taken was reduced by 25–30% from that of the original PSDF method, while the values representing the air pollution sources exhibited only a slight difference from the original ones. Our new method reduces the time required for computational calculations, measures potential sources with comparable precision, and ensures the reliability and source intensity of the results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"Pages 1487-1495"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140468241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No-Wait Open-Shop Scheduling Problems with Reverse Flows","authors":"Saba Aghighi ,&nbsp;Esmaeil Mehdizadeh ,&nbsp;Seyed Taghi Akhavan Niaki","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.02.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.02.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Open shop scheduling has a special place in both production and optimization problems. This study investigates an assembly (direct flow) and disassembly (reverse flow) scheduling problem in an open shop environment where both are processed on the same machine, but only one is a no-wait operation. The objective is to minimize makespan of jobs on all machines. A mixed-integer linear program is developed. GAMS 25.1.1.2 is used to solve small size test problems. Differential Evolution (DE) Algorithm is applied to large-scale problems. A comparison of the computing results of this algorithm and the Genetic algorithm (GA), Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), Bat algorithm (BA), Artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC), and vibration damping optimization algorithm (VDO) is presented. Based on the results obtained, it has been found that there are no obvious differences between the performance of the algorithms, but the DE algorithm produces better solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"Pages 568-578"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140465003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A biobased mixed metal oxide catalyst for biodiesel production from waste cooking oil: reaction conditions modeling, optimization and sensitivity analysis study","authors":"Ibhadebhunuele Gabriel Okoduwa,&nbsp;Osamudiamhen Oiwoh,&nbsp;Andrew Nosakhare Amenaghawon ,&nbsp;Charity O. Okieimen","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.03.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study assessed the utilization of a heterogeneous catalyst derived from waste marble tiles and cow horn for waste cooking oil-derived biodiesel synthesis. The synthesized composite catalyst was prepared from waste marble tiles and cow horn through sequential calcination and wet impregnation. The catalyst and its precursors were characterized to analyze their composition, structural, and surface properties. The biodiesel production process was modeled and optimized via the response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural networks (ANN). Characterization of waste cooking oil revealed its suitability in biodiesel production. The catalyst had a surface area of 301.510 m²/g, while the pore volume and pore diameter were 0.165 cm³/g and 2.110 nm respectively, which contributed to the optimum biodiesel yield of 98% at a reaction time of 119.92 min, a catalyst concentration of 5.12 wt%, a reaction temperature of 74.86 °C, and methanol-to-oil ratio of 11.43:1. The catalyst was reusable for up to seven cycles while retaining significant activity. The optimized biodiesel sample had properties that met standards. RSM and ANN demonstrated adequate representation of the biodiesel yield as shown by their high R² values although ANN was superior since it had higher R² (0.9993) and adjusted R² (0.9977) values. Global sensitivity analysis results showed reaction temperature as the most important input variable. This work has provided insights into the valorization of waste cooking oil for sustainable biodiesel production through heterogeneous catalysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"Pages 1344-1357"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140408207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservation-oriented integrated approach for structural stability assessment of complex historic masonry structures","authors":"Osama Amer ,&nbsp;Danila Aita ,&nbsp;Dan.V. Bompa ,&nbsp;Ezzeldin k. Mohamed ,&nbsp;Yehia M. Hussein ,&nbsp;Akram Torky ,&nbsp;Maisa M.A. Mansour","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper presents a multidisciplinary approach for diagnosing the structural stability of the <em>Takiyya</em> of Ibrahim al-Gulshani in Historic Cairo using geometric and architectural documentation, field survey, laboratory tests, and numerical analyses under static and seismic conditions. The <em>Takiyya</em>, built during the Mamluk period, is an important medieval architectural complex in Egypt and has undergone multiple renovations. The field-testing includes geotechnical and geophysical investigations to evaluate the properties of the bearing soil beneath the monument. A 3D survey using Terrestrial Laser Scanning was employed to record <em>Takiyya</em>’s geometry. Terrestrial photogrammetry and high-resolution images accompanied by an in-situ damage survey were used to document cracking levels, stone weathering, and identification of decay patterns. Laboratory tests were conducted to assess the mineral composition, physical and mechanical properties of the construction materials to enable structural assessments. Data appraisal and integration into architectural drawings was used for mapping degradation patterns and the preservation state of the building. The documentation procedures combined with experiments were then employed to develop a model for structural analysis. Three-dimensional finite element numerical simulations employing macro-modelling approaches were performed for the <em>Takiyya</em> structures under various loading conditions, including modelling the bearing soil, resulting in good agreement with in-situ recorded structure damage patterns. The static and seismic nonlinear analyses helped identify the causes and effects of the current structural deficiencies. The adopted methodologies provided large amounts of information, permitting an improved understanding of existing damage and the assessment of the preservation state of the masonry structure. This project exists thanks to the Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities (MoTA) and is funded by World Monument Fund (WMF) through various donors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"Pages 1551-1593"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140277782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy and exergy analysis of three major recirculating multi-stage flashing desalination plants in Kuwait","authors":"Sorour A. Alotaibi,&nbsp;Osama M. Ibrahim,&nbsp;Fehaid H. Salamah","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.01.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.01.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study compares the thermal performance of three Multi-Stage Flashing (MSF) desalination plants constructed at various dates over 30 years. The MSF desalination plants considered in this study are Al-Doha East, Al-Zour, and Al-Sobia, built in 1978, 2001, and 2007, respectively. Using actual operating data, analyses based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics were conducted to study the three MSF desalination plants. The thermal performance comparisons included energy consumption, exergy consumption, second law efficiency, and exergy destruction in different components. The results showed that the Al-Sobia MSF desalination plant yielded 17% lower energy consumption and 21% lower exergy consumption than Al-Doha East and Al-Zour. The results also showed that the Al-Sobia desalination plant had the highest second-law efficiency of 6.9%, compared to 5.4% and 5.5% for the Al-Doha East and Al-Zour. The Al-Sobia desalination plant also had less thermal and electrical energy consumption, which can be explained by the high-performance ratio, high heat exchanger effectiveness, high recovery ratio, and high Top-Brine Temperature (TBT). On the other hand, the low exergy consumption of the Al-Sobia desalination plant is due to the low exergy destruction in the de-superheater and ejectors. Compared to the Al-Doha East and Al-Zour plants, the Al-Sobia de-superheater had lower exergy destruction because of less steam extraction and higher exit flow exergy from the high TBT and pressure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"Pages 938-948"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139818890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of large deflection of chromium nanobeams using a hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm","authors":"Vahid Modanloo,&nbsp;Ahmad Mashayekhi,&nbsp;Yasser Taghipour Lahijani,&nbsp;Behnam Akhoundi","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2023.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2023.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, the prediction of large deflection of the chromium nanobeams has been studied using hybrid meta-heuristic methods. At first, using the full factorial design of experiment method, 100 experiments were designed in which the length and force applied to the nanobeams were considered as input variables at 25 and 4 levels, respectively. Also, the deflection of the nanobeam was considered as the output. The nanobeam’s deflection was estimated through the regression models by first, second, and third-order equations, respectively. The preliminary results demonstrated that the third-order regression model predicts the deflection with high accuracy and its error is less than the other models. In the following, to reduce the number of required experiments, two levels of the applied force (8 and 11 nN) were used to predict the deflection. Accordingly, the new equations were used for interpolation and extrapolation of the deflection in other levels of forces i.e., 9.5 and 12.5 nN. Finally, the coefficients of both third-order equations obtained by 4 and 2 levels of forces were optimized using the meta-heuristic algorithms i.e., Big Bang-Big Crunch (BBBC) and Ray Optimization algorithm (ROA). Comparing the results showed that by using the BBBC and RAO methods, the error value decreases by 10% and 20%, respectively. The results of this paper showed that the deflections of the chromium nanobeam can be estimated by algebraic formulas with high accuracy and fewer experiments, time, and cost.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"Pages 1263-1269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139024232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling user perceptions and biases: A comparative study of ML and DL models for exploring twitter sentiments towards ChatGPT","authors":"Mohammed Rashad Baker ,&nbsp;Anil Utku","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2023.11.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2023.11.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>ChatGPT is a powerful chatbot that used to generate human-like text. Chat GPT, developed by OpenAI, can answer many questions honestly, like a personal teacher who knows almost everything. It can perform various tasks such as question and answer, solving mathematical equations, writing text, debugging, and translating between languages. Compared to traditional chatbots, ChatGPT has been adopted by many users since its introduction. Some users feel that ChatGPT will override most content creation professions. This study analyzed users’ feelings about ChatGPT by analyzing tweets shared about ChatGPT. For this purpose, a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model was developed using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Bi- Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) models. The study has been compared with a number of DL and Machine Learning algorithms, LSTM, Bi-LSTM, CNN, Gated Recurrent Unit, Random Forests and Support Vector Machines. The experimental outcomes demonstrated that, the FastText-trained CNN-Bi-LSTM model exceeded the other models in terms of accuracy, reaching 96.59%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"Pages 1658-1665"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139300412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying barriers and benefits of shared e-scooters in promoting sustainability in Kuwait using Delphi and Force Field Analysis Methods","authors":"Sharaf AlKheder,&nbsp;Zahra Albaghli","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.02.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.02.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>People are wasting time during their way to their destination due to traffic jam. Shared electronic scooter is ana alternative transport mode that saves time. This mode of transportation widely spread after COVID-19 pandemic. This research investigates the main opportunities and barriers of adopting this technology in Kuwait from three sides which are social, environmental, economic, and safety aspects taking into consideration the travel behavior and urban infrastructure sides. Experts’ opinions were collected from two rounds of the Delphi questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using Force Field Analysis Method in order to get a precises prediction of the most significant facilitators and barriers after the period of COVID-19 to figure out the importance of the sustainability of the e-scooters. According to the urban infrastructure side, the e-scooters adoption was favorable from all aspects except the economic aspect. On the other hand, travel behavior was challenging, it was unfavorable form environmental and safety aspects. It’s recommended to regulate more laws that ensure all road users’ safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"Pages 1475-1486"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140469324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial distribution of soil erodibility factors in erosion-prone areas in Umuahia, Southeast, Nigeria","authors":"Isiguzo Edwin Ahaneku ,&nbsp;Kingsley Chidi Ezinna ,&nbsp;Francis Nkemdirim Orji ,&nbsp;George Uwadiegwu Alaneme ,&nbsp;Ekeoma Emmanuel Chukwudi","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the spatial distribution of soil erodibility factor (K) in Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) nomograph. The soils used for the study was sampled from 14 erosion prone areas in Umuahia, Southeast, Nigeria. The topsoil samples collected at depths of 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, and 20–30 cm around the middle of each location identified with the aid of a GPS. The percentages of sand, silt, clay, moisture content, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and organic matter (OM) were all examined. The Gaussian ordinary kriging model for the determination of K-factor was compared with the Inverse Distance Weighting method. The K-factor’s coefficient of variation (CV) was 0.29 and the K-factor value of the nuggets to sill ratio (0.44) indicates a moderate spatial distribution. The Gaussian semi-variogram approach yielded the best estimate accuracy and model fitting effects, meaning that the Gaussian ordinary Kriging model is better for K-factor estimation. The root mean squared error (RMSE) was 0.0079 and the mean squared deviation ratio (MSDR) was 0.89, implying that the Gaussian model was unbiased and adequately captured the experimental variation. The K-factor values were lower in the north of the research region ranging from 0.0250 to 0.0197 Mg h MJ⁻¹ mm⁻¹ compared to east with the K-factor ranging from 0.0399 to 0.0423 Mg h MJ⁻¹ mm⁻¹. The estimated K-factor was relatively unbiased since the root mean square error was extremely small and the mean error was nearly equal to 0. The determination of soil erodibility (k-factor) influenced by factors such as soil texture, structure, and organic matter is crucial in assessing the vulnerability of land area to soil erosion. The spatial distribution of these factors affects the k-factor at different locations in a landscape, which enables accurate estimation of k-factor. Nutrient levels impact soil erodibility and distribution. Low nitrogen limits growth, favoring erosion. Phosphorus aids stability. Optimal potassium benefits growth and erosion control. Spatial distribution is vital, emphasizing precise nutrient management for effective soil health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"13 2","pages":"Pages 1627-1637"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140779037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}