{"title":"A distribution semantics for probabilistic term rewriting","authors":"Germán Vidal","doi":"10.1016/j.jlamp.2025.101070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlamp.2025.101070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Probabilistic programming is becoming increasingly popular thanks to its ability to specify problems with a certain degree of uncertainty. In this work, we focus on term rewriting, a well-known computational formalism. In particular, we consider systems that combine traditional rewriting rules with probabilities. Then, we define a novel “distribution semantics” for such systems that can be used to model the probability of reducing a term to some value. We also show how to compute a set of “explanations” for a given reduction, which can be used to compute its probability in a more efficient way. Finally, we illustrate our approach with several examples and outline a couple of extensions that may prove useful to improve the expressive power of probabilistic rewrite systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48797,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Logical and Algebraic Methods in Programming","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 101070"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laura Panizo, María-del-Mar Gallardo, Francisco Luque-Schempp, Pedro Merino
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Runtime monitoring of 5G network slicing using STAn” [Journal of Logical and Algebraic Methods in Programming, 145 (2025) 101059]","authors":"Laura Panizo, María-del-Mar Gallardo, Francisco Luque-Schempp, Pedro Merino","doi":"10.1016/j.jlamp.2025.101062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlamp.2025.101062","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48797,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Logical and Algebraic Methods in Programming","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 101062"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143904357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preface to Rewriting Logic and Its Applications (revised selected papers from WRLA 2020)","authors":"Santiago Escobar , Narciso Martí-Oliet","doi":"10.1016/j.jlamp.2025.101061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlamp.2025.101061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This special issue collects revised extended versions of selected papers presented at the 13th International Workshop on Rewriting Logic and Its Applications (WRLA 2020) held as an online event from October 20 to 22, 2020.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48797,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Logical and Algebraic Methods in Programming","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 101061"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preface to selected papers from 22nd Workshop on Programming and Languages (PROLE 2023)","authors":"Laura Panizo","doi":"10.1016/j.jlamp.2025.101060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlamp.2025.101060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This special issue collects extended versions of selected papers presented at the 22nd Workshop on Programming and Languages (PROLE 2023), held in Ciudad Real from September 12 to 14, 2023.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48797,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Logical and Algebraic Methods in Programming","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 101060"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143620611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laura Panizo, María-del-Mar Gallardo, Francisco Luque-Schempp, Pedro Merino
{"title":"Runtime monitoring of 5G network slicing using STAn","authors":"Laura Panizo, María-del-Mar Gallardo, Francisco Luque-Schempp, Pedro Merino","doi":"10.1016/j.jlamp.2025.101059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlamp.2025.101059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The most recent technology in the evolution of mobile networks is 5G, which is aimed at offering differentiated quality of service (QoS) to specific groups of users or devices. Such groups could include public safety agencies, connected vehicles, citizens streaming video content, fixed Internet of Things devices, etc. Insofar as each group has different requirements in terms of bandwidth, latency, error rate, coverage or other relevant quality indicators, the network can be divided into multiple <em>slices</em>, with each slice supporting a group's requirements. Such <em>network slicing</em> is becoming a key feature for telecom operators, who need to face the challenge of validating its correct behavior.</div><div>In this paper, we propose a monitoring system to check that a 5G network is offering slicing in the proper way. To this end, we use the tool <span>STAn</span>, a general purpose runtime verification tool where the requirements to be monitored are expressed using temporal formulae. The paper identifies first a list of requirements that define the expected behavior of network slicing.</div><div>Then, we describe how the initial logic <span>eLTL</span> supported by <span>STAn</span> is extended to the so-called eXtended Event-driven Temporal Logic (<span>xeLTL</span>) in order to represent the slicing requirements. Finally, we validate that the new version of <span>STAn</span> and the catalogue of <span>xeLTL</span> formulae are suitable to monitor and check if real 5G networks properly support slicing. This way, we provide a complete new system for runtime monitoring of 5G network slicing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48797,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Logical and Algebraic Methods in Programming","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 101059"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143620544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Journal of logical and algebraic methods in programming – Publisher's Note 2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jlamp.2025.101058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlamp.2025.101058","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48797,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Logical and Algebraic Methods in Programming","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 101058"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial message from the new Editor-in-Chief","authors":"Alberto Lluch Lafuente","doi":"10.1016/j.jlamp.2025.101057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlamp.2025.101057","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48797,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Logical and Algebraic Methods in Programming","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 101057"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An algebraic theory of nondeterministic finite automata","authors":"Roberto Gorrieri","doi":"10.1016/j.jlamp.2025.101055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlamp.2025.101055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A process algebra is proposed, whose semantics maps a term to a nondeterministic finite automaton (NFA, for short). We prove a representability theorem: for each NFA <em>N</em>, there exists a process algebraic term <em>p</em> such that its semantics is an NFA isomorphic to <em>N</em>. Moreover, we provide a concise axiomatization of language equivalence: two NFAs <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> recognize the same language if and only if the associated terms <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, respectively, can be equated by means of a set of axioms, comprising 7 axioms plus 3 conditional axioms, only.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48797,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Logical and Algebraic Methods in Programming","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 101055"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transforming imperative programs into bisimilar logically constrained term rewrite systems via injective functions from configurations to terms","authors":"Naoki Nishida, Misaki Kojima , Takumi Kato","doi":"10.1016/j.jlamp.2025.101056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlamp.2025.101056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To transform an imperative program into a logically constrained term rewrite system (LCTRS, for short), previous work transforms a list of statements into rewrite rules in a stepwise manner, and proves the correctness along the transformation and the big-step semantics of the program. On the other hand, the small-step semantics of a programming language consists of inference rules that define single transitions of configurations. Partial instances of such inference rules are almost the same as rewrite rules in the transformed LCTRS. In this paper, we aim at establishing a framework for simpler definitions and correctness proofs of transformations from programs into LCTRSs. To this end, for the transformation in previous work as an example, we show the existence of an injective function from configurations of a given program to terms, and reformulate the transformation by means of the injective function. The injective function enables us to make a one-to-one correspondence between single small-step transitions and reduction steps, and provides bisimilarity between the program and transformed LCTRS, resulting in a simpler correctness proof.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48797,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Logical and Algebraic Methods in Programming","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 101056"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francisco Durán , Carlos Ramírez , Camilo Rocha , Nicolás Pozas
{"title":"A rewriting logic semantics for the analysis of P programs","authors":"Francisco Durán , Carlos Ramírez , Camilo Rocha , Nicolás Pozas","doi":"10.1016/j.jlamp.2025.101048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jlamp.2025.101048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><math><mtext>P</mtext></math></span> is a domain-specific language designed for specifying asynchronous, event-driven systems. Its computational model is based on actors, i.e., on communicating state machines. This paper presents a formal semantics of <span><math><mtext>P</mtext></math></span> using rewriting logic, extending the language's verification capabilities. Implemented in Maude, a rewriting logic language, this semantics enables automated analysis of <span><math><mtext>P</mtext></math></span> programs, including reachability analysis, LTL model checking, and statistical model checking. Through illustrative examples, this paper demonstrates how this formalization significantly enhances <span><math><mtext>P</mtext></math></span>'s verification capacities in practical scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48797,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Logical and Algebraic Methods in Programming","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 101048"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}