Authorea (Authorea)最新文献_第8页

Multipath model and suppression in airborne array-InSAR radar tomography 机载阵列insar雷达层析成像中的多径模型与抑制

Authorea (Authorea) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.22541/au.169993819.91728892/v1

Qichang Guo, Xingdong Liang, Yangliang Wan, Hang Li, Yujie Dai

引用次数: 0

India-Asia slowing convergence rate controls on the Cenozoic Himalaya-Tibetan tectonics 印度-亚洲减速辐合速率对新生代喜马拉雅-西藏构造的控制

Authorea (Authorea) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.22541/essoar.170000347.73900494/v1

Ben Knight, Fabio Antonio Capitanio, Roberto F. Weinberg, Luca Dal Zilio

{"title":"India-Asia slowing convergence rate controls on the Cenozoic Himalaya-Tibetan tectonics","authors":"Ben Knight, Fabio Antonio Capitanio, Roberto F. Weinberg, Luca Dal Zilio","doi":"10.22541/essoar.170000347.73900494/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.170000347.73900494/v1","url":null,"abstract":"The Cenozoic evolution of the Himalaya-Tibet Plateau, dictated by the India-Asia convergence, remains a subject of substantial ambiguity. Here, a thermo-mechanical model is used to show the critical controls of decelerating convergence on the formation and stabilization of distinctive tectonic structures during prolonged collision. At high constant convergence rates, similar to the late Paleogene India-Asia motions, the lower plate crust is injected beneath the overriding crust, uplifting a plateau, first, then is exhumed towards the orogeny front. Conversely, low constant convergence rates, similar to the Neogene India-Asia motions, induce crustal thickening and plateau formation without underplating or exhumation of incoming crust. Strikingly, models simulating the decelerating India-Asia convergence history portray a dynamic evolution, highlighting the transitory nature of features under decreasing convergence, as the orogen shifts to a new equilibrium. In the transitional phase, the slowing of convergence decreases basal shearing and compression, leading to extension and heating in the orogen interiors. This allows diapiric ascent of buried crust and plateau collapse, as accretion migrates to a frontal fold-and-thrust belt. The models provide insights into the multi-stage evolution of the long-lived Himalayan-Tibetan orogeny, from fast early growth of the Tibetan Plateau, through its transient destabilisation and late-stage internal extension, behind the expanding Himalayan belt.","PeriodicalId":487619,"journal":{"name":"Authorea (Authorea)","volume":"23 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone interface earthquake recurrence model from geology and geodesy 阿拉斯加-阿留申俯冲带界面地震再现模型的地质与大地测量

Authorea (Authorea) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.22541/essoar.170000029.91528205/v1

Rich Briggs

引用次数: 0

Full field-of-view imaging and multistatic operations for SuperDARN Borealis radars superdamn Borealis雷达的全视场成像和多静态操作

Authorea (Authorea) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.22541/essoar.170000383.35959868/v1

Remington Rohel, Pavlo V. Ponomarenko, Kathryn A McWilliams

{"title":"Full field-of-view imaging and multistatic operations for SuperDARN Borealis radars","authors":"Remington Rohel, Pavlo V. Ponomarenko, Kathryn A McWilliams","doi":"10.22541/essoar.170000383.35959868/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.170000383.35959868/v1","url":null,"abstract":"Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) consists of more than 30 monostatic high-frequency (HF, 10-18~MHz) radars which utilise signals scattered from decameter-scale ionospheric irregularities for studying dynamic processes in the ionosphere. By combining line-of-sight velocity measurements of ionospheric scatter echoes from radars with overlapping fields of view, SuperDARN provides maps of ionospheric plasma drift velocity over mid and high latitudes. The conventional SuperDARN radars consecutively scan through sixteen beam directions with dwelling time of 3.5 s/beam, which places a lower limit of one minute to sample the entire field of view. In this work we remove this limitation by utilizing advanced capabilities of the recently developed Borealis digital SuperDARN radar system. Combining a wide transmission beam with multiple narrow reception beams allows us to sample all conventional beam directions simultaneously and to increase the sampling rate of the entire field of view by up to sixteen times without noticeable deterioration of the data quality. The wide-beam emission also enabled the implementation of multistatic operations, where ionospheric scatter signals from one radar are received by other radars with overlapping viewing areas. These novel operations required the development of a new model to determine the geographic location of the source of the multistatic radar echoes. Our preliminary studies showed that, in comparison with the conventional monostatic operations, the multistatic operations provide a significant increase in geographic coverage, in some cases nearly doubling it. The multistatic data also provide additional velocity vector components increasing the likelihood of reconstructing full plasma drift velocity vectors.","PeriodicalId":487619,"journal":{"name":"Authorea (Authorea)","volume":"27 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Copper Catalyzed Enantioconvergent Nucleophilic Substitutions 铜催化的对映收敛亲核取代

Authorea (Authorea) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.22541/au.169994739.92020576/v1

Chunxi Huang, Zilong Wan Wan, Aoping Zhu, Caiyou Chen

{"title":"Copper Catalyzed Enantioconvergent Nucleophilic Substitutions","authors":"Chunxi Huang, Zilong Wan Wan, Aoping Zhu, Caiyou Chen","doi":"10.22541/au.169994739.92020576/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22541/au.169994739.92020576/v1","url":null,"abstract":"As a versatile earth-abundant transition metal, Cu has long been widely applied in the C-C and C-X bond forming reactions. As for now, low-valent Cu(I) is known to reduce the redox active electrophiles via an SET pathway to give the corresponding radical and Cu(II) spe-cies. The resulting Cu(II) species can interact with the radical via the out-sphere pathway, affording the coupling product. Alternatively, Cu(II) can trap the radical through the inner-sphere process to generate Cu(III) species and then realize challenging bond formations due to the facile reductive elimination of Cu(III) intermediate. Although copper catalysis has been widely applied in arylations of various nucleophiles, copper-catalyzed enantioconvergent nucleophilic substitutions of racemic alkyl electrophiles have been less explored, likely due to the difficulties in overcoming the reduction potential of alkyl electrophiles, elimination side reactions, and enantiomeric control. In order to overcome the high reduction potential of alkyl electrophiles, the photo-induced strategy has been developed under mild conditions. An alternative strategy with new anionic tridentate ligands has also been reported in this regard. This review summa-rizes recent developments in copper-catalyzed enantioconvergent nucleophilic substitutions of alkyl electrophiles by various nucleo-philes to realize C-N, C-C, C-B, C-P and C-O bond formations and their brief mechanistic studies.","PeriodicalId":487619,"journal":{"name":"Authorea (Authorea)","volume":"31 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating harms of testing for ovarian cancer - psychological outcomes and cancer conversion rates in women with symptoms of ovarian cancer: a cohort study embedded in the multicentre ROCkeTS prospective diagnostic study 调查卵巢癌检测的危害——有卵巢癌症状的妇女的心理结果和癌症转换率:多中心rocket前瞻性诊断研究中的一项队列研究

Authorea (Authorea) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.22541/au.169994771.15159489/v1

Audrey Kwong, Caroline Kristunas, Clare Davenport, Ridhi Aggarwal, Jonathan Deeks, Sue Mallett, Sean Kehoe, Dirk Timmerman, Tom Bourne, Hilary Stobart, Richard Neal, Usha Menon, Alexandra Gentry-Maharaj, Lauren Sturdy, Ryan Ottridge, Sudha Sundar

{"title":"Investigating harms of testing for ovarian cancer - psychological outcomes and cancer conversion rates in women with symptoms of ovarian cancer: a cohort study embedded in the multicentre ROCkeTS prospective diagnostic study","authors":"Audrey Kwong, Caroline Kristunas, Clare Davenport, Ridhi Aggarwal, Jonathan Deeks, Sue Mallett, Sean Kehoe, Dirk Timmerman, Tom Bourne, Hilary Stobart, Richard Neal, Usha Menon, Alexandra Gentry-Maharaj, Lauren Sturdy, Ryan Ottridge, Sudha Sundar","doi":"10.22541/au.169994771.15159489/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22541/au.169994771.15159489/v1","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To investigate psychological correlates in women referred with suspected ovarian cancer via the fast-track pathway, explore how anxiety and distress levels change 12 months post-testing and report cancer conversion rates by age and referral pathway. Design: Single arm prospective cohort study Setting: Multicentre. Secondary care including outpatient clinics and emergency admissions. Participants: 2596 newly presenting symptomatic women with a raised CA125 level, abnormal imaging or both. Methods: Women completed anxiety and distress questionnaires at recruitment and at 12 months for those who had not undergone surgery or a biopsy within 3 months of recruitment. Main outcome measures: Anxiety and distress levels measured using STAI-6 and IES-r questionnaires. OC conversion rates by age, menopausal status and referral pathway. Results: 1355/2596 (52.1%) and 1781/2596 (68.6%) experienced moderate-to-severe distress and anxiety at recruitment. Younger age and emergency presentations had higher distress levels. Clinical category for anxiety and distress remained unchanged/worsened in 76% at 12 months despite a non-cancer diagnosis. OC rates by age were 1.6% (95% CI 0.5 to 5.9) under 40 and 10.9 % (95% CI 8.7 to 13.6) over 40 years. In women referred through fast-track pathways, 3.3% (95% CI 1.9 to 5.7) of pre- and 18.5% (95% CI 16.1 to 21.0) of postmenopausal women were diagnosed with OC. Conclusions: Women undergoing diagnostic testing display severe anxiety and distress. Younger women are especially vulnerable and should be targeted for support. Women under 40 have low conversion rates and we advocate reducing testing in this group to reduce harms of testing.","PeriodicalId":487619,"journal":{"name":"Authorea (Authorea)","volume":"31 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Slab tearing and delamination of the Indian lithospheric mantle during flat-slab subduction, southeast Tibet 西藏东南部平板俯冲过程中印度岩石圈地幔的板块撕裂与剥离

Authorea (Authorea) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.22541/essoar.170000377.75686509/v1

Lin Liu, Danian Shi, Simon L Klemperer, Jianyu Shi

引用次数: 0

Characteristics of runoff changes and their climatic factors in two different glacier-fed basins 两个不同冰川补给盆地径流变化特征及其气候因子

Authorea (Authorea) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.22541/au.169999228.88543122/v1

Sun Zhenqi, Wang Shijin, Li Zhongqin

{"title":"Characteristics of runoff changes and their climatic factors in two different glacier-fed basins","authors":"Sun Zhenqi, Wang Shijin, Li Zhongqin","doi":"10.22541/au.169999228.88543122/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22541/au.169999228.88543122/v1","url":null,"abstract":"The hydrological regulation function of glaciers in different watersheds is different. This study took the Yanggong River Basin (YRB) and Urumqi River Basin (URB) as two typical cases, to explore the runoff change differences and their responses to climate factors during 1979-2017 using the Mann–Kendall test and correlation analysis method. In the past 39 years , the annual runoff in the YRB showed insignificant trend of increasing first and then decreasing. In contrast, the URB’s increasing trend was significant. In the YRB, from the 1980s to the 2010s, the monthly runoff extremum occurred earlier than before, and the peak value is decreased. The time of monthly runoff extremum in the URB has not changed, but the peak value is increasing. Both basins showed an increasing trend in the annual temperature from 1979 to 2017, and the temperature rise in the URB was faster than in the YRB. The precipitation in the two basins did not show a significant increase or decrease trend from 1979 to 2017. The main influencing factor of runoff change in the YRB is the precipitation during flood season. The temperature rise causes an accelerated melting of the glaciers and snow cover, which, in combination with the summer precipitation change, contributed to the increase of runoff in the URB. In continental glacier basins with many glaciers, the regulation function of glaciers on total runoff is more significant.","PeriodicalId":487619,"journal":{"name":"Authorea (Authorea)","volume":"18 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134956689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The multidimensionality of plant drought stress: The relative importance of edaphic and atmospheric drought 植物干旱胁迫的多维度:土壤干旱和大气干旱的相对重要性

Authorea (Authorea) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.22541/au.169999059.90897960/v1

Bernd J. Berauer, Anke Steppuhn, Andreas Schweiger

{"title":"The multidimensionality of plant drought stress: The relative importance of edaphic and atmospheric drought","authors":"Bernd J. Berauer, Anke Steppuhn, Andreas Schweiger","doi":"10.22541/au.169999059.90897960/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22541/au.169999059.90897960/v1","url":null,"abstract":"Drought threatens plant growth and related ecosystem services. The emergence of plant drought stress under edaphic drought is well studied, whilst the importance of atmospheric drought only recently gained momentum. Yet, little is known about the interaction and relative contribution of edaphic and atmospheric drought on the emergence of plant drought stress. We conducted a gradient experiment, fully crossing gravimetric water content (GWC: field capacity-permanent wilting point) and vapour pressure deficit (VPD: 1-2.25kPa) using five wheat varieties from three species ( Triticum monococcum , T. durum & T. aestivum ). We quantified the emergence of plant drought stress on molecular (ABA), cellular (stomatal conductance), organ (leaf water potential) and stand level (evapotranspiration). Plant drought stress increased with decreasing GWC across all organisational levels. This effect was magnified non-linearly by VPD after passing a critical threshold of soil water availability. At around 20% GWC plants lost their ability to regulate leaf water potential via stomata regulation, followed by the emergence of hydraulic dysfunction. The emergence of plant drought stress is characterized by changing relative contributions of soil vs. atmosphere and their non-linear interaction. This highly non-linear response, consequently, is likely to abruptly alter plant-related ecosystem services in a drying world.","PeriodicalId":487619,"journal":{"name":"Authorea (Authorea)","volume":"5 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134957182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-Rate Capability and Cyclic Stability of Ni-rich Layered Oxide LiNi0.83Co0.12Mn0.05-xAlxO2 cathodes: Nanofiber vs Nanoparticle Morphology 富镍层状氧化物LiNi0.83Co0.12Mn0.05-xAlxO2阴极的高速率性能和循环稳定性:纳米纤维与纳米颗粒形态

Authorea (Authorea) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.22541/au.169997307.78145021/v1

Chandran Sudakar, Soumyadip Mitra

{"title":"High-Rate Capability and Cyclic Stability of Ni-rich Layered Oxide LiNi0.83Co0.12Mn0.05-xAlxO2 cathodes: Nanofiber vs Nanoparticle Morphology","authors":"Chandran Sudakar, Soumyadip Mitra","doi":"10.22541/au.169997307.78145021/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22541/au.169997307.78145021/v1","url":null,"abstract":"High energy density Ni-rich layered oxide cathodes LiNiCoMnAlO (x=0, 0.025, 0.05; NMC, NMCA, and NCA, respectively) are fabricated in two different microstructural forms: (i) nanoparticles (NP) and (ii) nanofibers (NF), to evaluate the morphology and compositional effect on the electrochemical properties using same precursors, with the latter fabricated by electrospinning process. Although all the cathodes exhibit a similar crystal structure as confirmed by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, contrasting difference is observed in their electrochemical properties. XRD and XPS analyses indicate a higher amount of cationic disorder for the NP cathodes compared to their NF counterparts. Nanofibrous Ni-rich layered oxide cathodes exhibit higher discharge capacities at all C-rates in comparison to NP cathodes. When cycled at 1C-rate for 100 cycles, capacity retention of 81% is observed for NCA-NF, which is superior to all cathodes. Voltage decay as a function of the charge-discharge cycle is found to be low (0.2 mV/cycle) for nanofibrous cathodes compared to 1.5 mV/cycle for NP cathodes. The good rate capability and cyclic stability of nanofibrous Ni-rich layered oxide cathodes are attributed to a shorter pathway of Li diffusion and a large proportion of the active surface area.","PeriodicalId":487619,"journal":{"name":"Authorea (Authorea)","volume":"20 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134901086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0