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Teplizumab (Tzield) for the delay of type 1 diabetes. Teplizumab （Tzield）用于延缓1型糖尿病。
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Jaapa-Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-23 DOI: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000372
Luis Garcia
{"title":"Teplizumab (Tzield) for the delay of type 1 diabetes.","authors":"Luis Garcia","doi":"10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000372","DOIUrl":"10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease that disproportionately affects children and adolescents and is associated with substantial medical and psychosocial burden. Despite advances in insulin delivery systems and continuous glucose monitoring, most patients do not achieve optimal glycemic control and remain at risk for diabetic ketoacidosis, long-term microvascular and macrovascular complications, and premature mortality. Increasing evidence demonstrates that T1D is a progressive disease characterized by years of asymptomatic autoimmunity and gradual pancreatic beta-cell loss, creating an opportunity for early disease-modifying intervention. This review summarizes the genetic and immunologic foundations of T1D, the disease classification system, and emerging strategies aimed at preserving endogenous insulin production. Particular focus is given to teplizumab (Tzield), an anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody that is the first FDA-approved therapy shown to delay progression from stage 2 to stage 3 T1D in individuals ages 8 years and older. Disease-modifying immunotherapies such as teplizumab represent a paradigm shift in T1D management, with the potential to delay disease onset and reduce long-term complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":48728,"journal":{"name":"Jaapa-Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants","volume":"39 7","pages":"39-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148303661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
JAAPA expands Category 1 CME: More credits, more value for PAs. JAAPA扩大了第一类CME：更多的学分，更多的价值。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Jaapa-Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-26 DOI: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000369
Richard W Dehn
{"title":"JAAPA expands Category 1 CME: More credits, more value for PAs.","authors":"Richard W Dehn","doi":"10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000369","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48728,"journal":{"name":"Jaapa-Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants","volume":"39 6","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148036745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lipoprotein(a) screening: Balancing benefits and challenges in clinical decision-making. 脂蛋白(a)筛选：平衡临床决策的益处和挑战。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Jaapa-Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-26 DOI: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000361
Nolan Crain
{"title":"Lipoprotein(a) screening: Balancing benefits and challenges in clinical decision-making.","authors":"Nolan Crain","doi":"10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000361","DOIUrl":"10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), independent of traditional risk factors such as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Major societies now broadly recognize Lp(a) as an independent cardiovascular risk factor, recommending universal screening among adults or at least targeted screening among select higher-risk groups. This article synthesizes current knowledge of the biochemistry, pathophysiology, clinical significance, laboratory assessment, available management options, and emerging therapies for elevated Lp(a) levels. Many guidelines suggest that Lp(a) testing is ready for broader clinical implementation, and its integration into routine practice may assist health care providers in identifying individuals at elevated cardiovascular risk and tailoring preventive interventions accordingly.</p>","PeriodicalId":48728,"journal":{"name":"Jaapa-Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants","volume":"39 6","pages":"16-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148036704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
As innovators, PAs belong in the AI conversation. 作为创新者，私人助理属于人工智能对话。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Jaapa-Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-26 DOI: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000366
Todd Pickard
{"title":"As innovators, PAs belong in the AI conversation.","authors":"Todd Pickard","doi":"10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000366","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48728,"journal":{"name":"Jaapa-Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants","volume":"39 6","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148036723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recognizing and managing neonatal sepsis. 识别和处理新生儿败血症。
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Jaapa-Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-26 DOI: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000363
Tucker Buffington, Lauren Hoover
{"title":"Recognizing and managing neonatal sepsis.","authors":"Tucker Buffington, Lauren Hoover","doi":"10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000363","DOIUrl":"10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Neonatal sepsis remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among newborns worldwide, despite recent advances in recognition and management. Both early-onset and late-onset sepsis present significant challenges for neonates, particularly those born prematurely or with low birth weight. The severity and progression of the condition can be influenced by factors such as the timing of exposure, the host's immune response, and the virulence of the infecting pathogen. As intrapartum screening methods, novel diagnostic studies, and targeted antibiotic management strategies continue to evolve, it is essential for the practicing provider to understand the implications of this condition and to recognize and manage it appropriately.</p>","PeriodicalId":48728,"journal":{"name":"Jaapa-Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants","volume":"39 6","pages":"28-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148036731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mechanical support for decompensated heart failure. 失代偿性心力衰竭的机械支持。
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Jaapa-Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-26 DOI: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000358
Andre'lyn Williams
{"title":"Mechanical support for decompensated heart failure.","authors":"Andre'lyn Williams","doi":"10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000358","DOIUrl":"10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Advanced heart failure (AHF) poses a significant challenge in modern cardiology, often necessitating surgical interventions to alleviate symptoms and improve patient outcomes. This article provides an overview of surgical interventions available for treating AHF, with a primary focus on established procedures such as heart transplantation, ventricular assist device implantation, and emerging techniques including minimally invasive approaches and novel device therapies. The efficacy, indications, and potential complications of these interventions are discussed, along with their roles in the comprehensive management of patients with AHF. Recent advancements in surgical techniques, patient criteria, and perioperative care strategies are highlighted. Within a multidisciplinary approach encompassing surgical expertise, medical management, and supportive care, surgical interventions play a crucial role in the holistic management of AHF, offering hope and improved prognosis for affected patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":48728,"journal":{"name":"Jaapa-Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants","volume":"39 6","pages":"e10-e14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148036691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Poliomyelitis. 脊髓灰质炎。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Jaapa-Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-26 DOI: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000364
Kristy Luciano
{"title":"Poliomyelitis.","authors":"Kristy Luciano","doi":"10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000364","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48728,"journal":{"name":"Jaapa-Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants","volume":"39 6","pages":"44-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148036751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Needle to scalpel: Navigating the path from SIRVA to surgical intervention. 针到手术刀：从SIRVA到外科干预的路径导航。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Jaapa-Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-26 DOI: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000355
Lori McGowan, Danielle O'Laughlin, Brittany Strelow
{"title":"Needle to scalpel: Navigating the path from SIRVA to surgical intervention.","authors":"Lori McGowan, Danielle O'Laughlin, Brittany Strelow","doi":"10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000355","DOIUrl":"10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Shoulder injury related to vaccine administration (SIRVA) is a rare but potentially debilitating condition characterized by persistent shoulder pain and restricted movement that begins within 48 hours of vaccine administration into the deltoid region. Improper vaccine injection into the subacromial/subdeltoid region of the shoulder or glenohumeral joint can cause immune-mediated inflammatory response, adhesive capsulitis, rotator cuff tendonitis or tears, and septic subacromial bursitis or lytic lesions, among other injuries and reactions. The literature to date focuses on SIRVA prevention and early recognition, emphasizing proper vaccine administration techniques. With the aid of a formulated process that includes focused clinical history collection and thorough physical examination, clinicians can facilitate timely diagnosis and effective management of SIRVA, mitigating possible long-term complications. We present a case that illustrates the diagnostic challenge of SIRVA and highlights how affected patients may exhaust all nonoperative modalities, fail to find relief, and eventually require surgery. Literature is limited on surgical management of SIRVA; however, this case raises awareness of surgery as a management option in unusually refractory cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":48728,"journal":{"name":"Jaapa-Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants","volume":"39 6","pages":"e5-e9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148036683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CME POST-TESTS. 芝加哥商品交易所测试后。
IF 0.8 4区 医学
Jaapa-Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-26 DOI: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000370
{"title":"CME POST-TESTS.","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000370","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48728,"journal":{"name":"Jaapa-Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants","volume":"39 6","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148036756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs). 运动中相对能量不足（red）。
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Jaapa-Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-26 DOI: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000362
Brittney Hulsey, Clay W Walker, Sylvia Dory, Delani Dietrich
{"title":"Relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs).","authors":"Brittney Hulsey, Clay W Walker, Sylvia Dory, Delani Dietrich","doi":"10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000362","DOIUrl":"10.1097/01.JAA.0000000000000362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs) is a multisystem syndrome resulting from chronic low energy availability that impairs metabolic, reproductive, skeletal, cardiovascular, and psychological health in athletes of all genders. This article reviews the epidemiology and pathophysiology of REDs and outlines major complications, including low bone mineral density, stress fractures, infertility, and potential vascular dysfunction/cardiometabolic effects. Sex-specific considerations, including functional hypothalamic amenorrhea in females, are also explored. A practical diagnostic approach highlights focused history-taking, targeted laboratory evaluation, and application of the International Olympic Committee Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport Clinical Assessment Tool Version 2 for risk stratification. Management strategies center on restoring adequate energy availability through nutritional rehabilitation and training modification, supported by psychological care, optimization of calcium and vitamin D, and selective use of hormonal or bone-active therapies in refractory cases. Because many at-risk athletes first present to primary care, this article focuses on equipping clinicians with the knowledge and tools needed to recognize, evaluate, and manage REDs and to coordinate multidisciplinary care to prevent long-term morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":48728,"journal":{"name":"Jaapa-Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants","volume":"39 6","pages":"22-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148036742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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