Physical Review EPub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.111.025103
L Manfredini, Ö D Gürcan
{"title":"Shell models on recurrent sequences: Fibonacci, Padovan, and other series.","authors":"L Manfredini, Ö D Gürcan","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.111.025103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.111.025103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A class of shell models is proposed where the shell variables are defined on a recurrent sequence of integer wave numbers such as the Fibonacci or the Padovan series or their variations, including a sequence made of square roots of Fibonacci numbers rounded to the nearest integer. Considering the simplest model, which involves only local interactions, the interaction coefficients can be generalized in such a way that the inviscid invariants, such as energy and helicity, can be conserved even though there is no exact self-similarity. It is shown that these models basically have identical features with standard shell models and produce the same power-law spectra, similar spectral fluxes, and analogous deviation from self-similar scaling of the structure functions, implying comparable levels of turbulent intermittency. Such a formulation potentially opens up the possibility of using shell models, or their generalizations along with discretized regular grids such as those found in direct numerical simulations, as either diagnostic tools or subgrid models. It also allows us to develop models where the wave-number shells can be interpreted as sparsely decimated sets of wave numbers over an initially regular grid. In addition to conventional shell models with local interactions that result in forward cascade, a particular a helical shell model with long-range interactions is considered on a similarly recurrent sequence of wave numbers, corresponding to the Fibonacci series, and found to result in the usual inverse cascade.</p>","PeriodicalId":48698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review E","volume":"111 2-2","pages":"025103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143659405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Physical Review EPub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.111.025209
S Werbowy, B Pranszke, L Windholz
{"title":"Stark effect at high electric fields and Stark ion broadening widths and shifts for different microfield distributions at quasistatic approximation in atomic oxygen spectra.","authors":"S Werbowy, B Pranszke, L Windholz","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.111.025209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.111.025209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies of the static Stark effect are reported for the multiplets at 615.8, 645.6, 777.6, 822.4, 844.9, and 926.5 nm (vacuum wavelengths) of atomic oxygen, which are important for various applications. From the Stark patterns recorded at very high electric fields up to 780 kV/cm, we have determined the differences of the scalar polarizabilities Δα_{0} and the tensor polarizabilities α_{2} for the investigated lines. For most of the lines we present the first-obtained experimental results. The Stark broadening of the studied lines by non-neutral plasmas in the ion density range of 10^{13}-10^{19}cm^{-3} was analyzed based on these results. The quasistatic approximation and three distinct microfield distributions were employed, which corresponded to different types of coupling in the plasma, namely the Holtzmark, Mayer, and irregular cluster distributions. Ion broadened widths and shifts were obtained from the simulated line shapes for different microfield distributions and ion densities. The analysis of these outcomes enabled us to determine their correlations with the independently determined Δα_{0} and microfield distribution, ultimately enabling us to ascertain the contour of the microfield distribution itself.</p>","PeriodicalId":48698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review E","volume":"111 2-2","pages":"025209"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143659418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Physical Review EPub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.111.024138
Yuanze Hong, Tian Zhou, Wanli Wang
{"title":"Diffusion equation and rare fluctuations of the biased aging continuous-time random-walk model.","authors":"Yuanze Hong, Tian Zhou, Wanli Wang","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.111.024138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.111.024138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We explore the fractional advection-diffusion equation and rare events associated with the ACTRW model. When waiting times have a finite mean but infinite variance, and the displacements follow a narrow distribution, the fractional operator is defined in terms of space rather than time. The far tail of the positional distribution is governed by rare events, which exhibit a different scaling compared to typical fluctuations. Additionally, we establish a strong relationship between the number of renewals and the positional distribution in the context of large deviations. Throughout the manuscript, the theoretical results are validated through simulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":48698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review E","volume":"111 2-1","pages":"024138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143659542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Physical Review EPub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.111.025410
Qi Huang, Kaiguo Chen, Chen Liu, Guisen Liu, Yang Shao, Chenlong Zhao, Ran Chen, Hengtong Bu, Lingti Kong, Yao Shen
{"title":"Strain-dependent evolution of avalanche dynamics in bulk metallic glass.","authors":"Qi Huang, Kaiguo Chen, Chen Liu, Guisen Liu, Yang Shao, Chenlong Zhao, Ran Chen, Hengtong Bu, Lingti Kong, Yao Shen","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.111.025410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.111.025410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Avalanche phenomena characterized by power-law scaling are observed in amorphous solids and many other nonequilibrium systems during their deformation. Avalanches in these systems often exhibit scale invariance, a feature reminiscent of critical phenomena and universality classes, although their fundamental nature remains unclear. In this paper, we use in situ acoustic emission techniques to experimentally investigate the characteristics and evolution of avalanches during the deformation process of bulk metallic glass (BMG), a representative amorphous solid. We observed abundant avalanche events from the microplastic deformation region to the failure of the sample. We find that avalanches are power-law distributed with an exponent decreasing from 1.61 to 1.49 with increasing deformation throughout the tensile experiment. By quantitatively analyzing the strong strain dependence of various avalanche characteristics, we highlight the importance of additional coefficients that complete the widely studied finite size scaling description of avalanche dynamics and revealed a strain-mediated avalanche scaling mechanism. Through surface morphology analysis and spectral analysis of avalanche signals in BMG samples, we conclude that the underlying process of these avalanches are not macroscopic, such as cracks and large shear band propagation, but is instead related to nanoscale microstructural adjustments. Our results encourage further exploration into the microscopic origins of avalanches and suggest that theoretical frameworks beyond finite-size scaling merit more in-depth investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":48698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review E","volume":"111 2-2","pages":"025410"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143659444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Physical Review EPub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.111.024122
Wei Lin, Weicheng Fu, Zhen Wang, Yong Zhang, Hong Zhao
{"title":"Universality classes of thermalization and energy diffusion.","authors":"Wei Lin, Weicheng Fu, Zhen Wang, Yong Zhang, Hong Zhao","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.111.024122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.111.024122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, we show that classical lattices can be classified into two universality classes for thermalization, based solely on the properties of their eigenmodes. This discovery is a consequence of our systematic multiwave quasiresonance analysis, a tool developed to this end. Lattices with extended modes belong to one class that can thermalize within a finite time, even when the nonlinearity strength is very weak, provided the system size is sufficiently large. In contrast, lattices with purely localized modes fall into another class. For these systems, the scaling behavior of thermalization time shifts stepwise from low-order to progressively higher-order quasiresonances as nonlinear strength decreases, implying that thermalization may become unattainable within a reasonable time for sufficiently weak nonlinearity strength. Furthermore, we show that the real-space energy diffusion behavior of the two classes is qualitatively different as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":48698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review E","volume":"111 2-1","pages":"024122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143657939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Physical Review EPub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.111.024413
Mason Grieb, Nimisha Krishnan, Jennifer L Ross
{"title":"Multimotor cargo navigation in microtubule networks with various mesh sizes.","authors":"Mason Grieb, Nimisha Krishnan, Jennifer L Ross","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.111.024413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.111.024413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The kinesin superfamily of motor proteins is a major driver of anterograde transport of vesicles and organelles within eukaryotic cells via microtubules. Numerous studies have elucidated the step size, velocities, forces, and navigation ability of kinesins both in reconstituted systems and in live cells. Outside of cells, the kinesin-based transport is physically regulated and can be controlled by obstacles or defects in the path or the interaction between several motors on the same cargo. To explore the physical control parameters on kinesin-driven transport, we created increasingly dense microtubule networks in vitro to test how kinesin cargoes made from quantum dots with one to 10 kinesin motors attached are able to navigate the network. We find that many motors on the quantum dot increase the distance walked by a factor of 2, association time increased by a factor of 4 to 5, and the average speed by a factor of 2. We quantified the tortuosity and the trajectory persistence length and found the persistence length increased by a factor of 5 to 8 when multiple motors are on the cargo. We also find that these transport parameters depend linearly on the mesh size of the dense network for cargoes with multiple motors. Thus, both motor number and network density are physical aspects that regulate where cargoes traverse in space and time.</p>","PeriodicalId":48698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review E","volume":"111 2-1","pages":"024413"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143659146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diffusion reconstruction for the diluted Ising model.","authors":"Stefano Bae, Enzo Marinari, Federico Ricci-Tersenghi","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.111.L023301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.111.L023301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diffusion-based generative models are machine learning models that use diffusion processes to learn the probability distribution of high-dimensional data. In recent years they have become extremely successful in generating multimedia content. However, it is still unknown whether such models can be used to generate high-quality datasets of physical models. In this work we use a Landau-Ginzburg-like diffusion model to infer the distribution of a two-dimensional bond-diluted Ising model. Our approach is simple and effective, and we show that the generated samples correctly reproduce the statistical and critical properties of the physical model.</p>","PeriodicalId":48698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review E","volume":"111 2","pages":"L023301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143659151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Physical Review EPub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.111.024411
C Cohen, F X Gauci, X Noblin, E Galiana, A Attard, P Thomen
{"title":"Kinetics of zoospores approaching a root using a microfluidic device.","authors":"C Cohen, F X Gauci, X Noblin, E Galiana, A Attard, P Thomen","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.111.024411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.111.024411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phytophthora species are plant pathogens that cause considerable damage to agrosystems and ecosystems, and have a major impact on the economy. Infection occurs when their biflagellate zoospores move and reach a root on which they aggregate. However, the communication between the plant and the zoospores and how this communication modifies the behavior of the swimming zoospores is not fully understood. Here we use a microfluidic device incorporating a growing Arabidopsis thaliana root to study the real-time kinetics of Phytophthora parasitica zoospores approaching the root and accumulating (or aggregating) around a specific area called the elongation zone. We show that zoospore kinetics are modified only below a distance of a few hundred microns from the aggregation center, with a decrease in velocity coupled to an increase in the number of turns taken. Furthermore, we show that the rate of aggregation is constant throughout a one-hour experiment, and is dependent on zoospore density. This rate is consistent with the fact that zoospores randomly encounter the region close to the elongation zone, a result compatible with an absence of attraction beyond a few hundred microns. Finally, we show that in our configuration, this absence of attraction can be explained by a residual flow responsible for limiting the diffusion of the signal supposedly emitted by the root to a boundary layer of a few hundred microns.</p>","PeriodicalId":48698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review E","volume":"111 2-1","pages":"024411"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143659212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Physical Review EPub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.111.024304
M V Tamm, E Heinsalu, S Scialla, M Patriarca
{"title":"Learning thresholds lead to stable language coexistence.","authors":"M V Tamm, E Heinsalu, S Scialla, M Patriarca","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevE.111.024304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.111.024304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We introduce a language competition model that is based on the Abrams-Strogatz model and incorporates the effects of memory and learning in the dynamics of language shift. On a coarse-grained timescale, the effects of memory and learning can be expressed as thresholds on the speakers' fractions of the competing languages. In its simplest form, the resulting model is exactly solvable. Besides the consensus on one of the two languages, the model describes additional equilibrium states that are not present in the Abrams-Strogatz model: a stable dynamical coexistence of the two languages and a frozen state coinciding with the initial state. We show numerically that these results are preserved for threshold functions of a more general shape. The comparison of the model predictions with historical datasets demonstrates that while the Abrams-Strogatz model fails to describe some relevant language competition situations, the proposed model provides a good fitting.</p>","PeriodicalId":48698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review E","volume":"111 2-1","pages":"024304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143659215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}