Seminars in Orthodontics最新文献

{"title":"Treatment of temporomandibular disorders-Beyond splints!","authors":"Prasanna Kumar Shivapuja , Rooban Thavarajah , Nathamuni Rengarajan Krishnaswamy","doi":"10.1053/j.sodo.2024.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sodo.2024.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Temporomandibular disorders are a group of neuro-musculoskeletal disorders that have a multifaceted causation. The current study was a retrospective study undertaken to evaluate the outcome of different modalities of treatment provided in one office.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Out of a cadre of 425 patients who had undergone TM joint treatment and had finished treatment at least 2 years before 2017, 171 patients were successfully recalled for the purpose of the study. The patients that were recalled were divided into groups based on the treatment they had received. The groups were 1. Splint only group. 2. Splint and Braces group. 3. Splint Braces and equilibration group, 4. Splint, Braces and Jaw surgery. 5. Splint braces Joint surgery and Jaw surgery. Pre-treatment Helkimo index scores of anamnestic score Ai, dysfunction scores Di were extracted from the medical records and compared to the Helkimo index scores at the time of recall appointments. Modification was made to the Helkimo index made to include the consistency of food the patient could eat without pain and was called the food index (Fi). This data was also extracted from the pre-treatment records and compared to the post treatment records. Data gathered was subjected to Pearson correlation and Kruskal Wallis analysis of variance. The test was considered significant at a p value of less than or equal to 0 .05. (95 percent confidence). Data was also gathered to evaluate the number of pain episodes post- treatment and compared to the per-treatment data from the chart.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>All patients treated in the group showed both clinical and statistical significance is all parameters of Ai. Di, and Fi scores. Acute exacerbation of pain was also reduced. Ai, Di, and Fi, scores showed most improvement in the groups that had Splint, braces and jaw surgery and the group Splint braces joint surgery and jaw surgery. Acute exacerbations of pain was also least in the aforementioned groups. Patients treated with splint only showed the most amount of acute exacerbation in pain. Another interesting observation in the study was that a linear relation was present between Ai and Fi with a nonlinear relation between Ai and Di, and Di and Fi, indicating that it is lack of pain and not the degree of mouth opening that is important that allows the patient to consume the hard and chewy foods.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>1. In our study all modalities of treatment gave an improvement in patient status pretreatment to post treatment periods. 2. Most relief was attained in the groups of Splint braces and jaw surgery and splint braces joint surgery and jaw surgery. 3. Linearity in relation between Ai and Fi, indicated that it is lack of pain and not the degree of mouth opening that allows patients to consume diet of chewy and hard consistency. 4. Although our study indicates that the surgical options gave the best results, surgical options","PeriodicalId":48688,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Orthodontics","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 283-317"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139890462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporomandibular disk position after orthognathic surgery: A systematic review","authors":"Parisa Soltani ,&nbsp;Amirhossein Moaddabi ,&nbsp;Amirali Gilani ,&nbsp;Niloufar Nafari ,&nbsp;Farnaz Mirrashidi ,&nbsp;Hugh Devlin ,&nbsp;Gianrico Spagnuolo","doi":"10.1053/j.sodo.2024.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sodo.2024.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Orthognathic surgery corrects dentofacial deformities by repositioning maxillary and mandibular bones. This review examined whether orthognathic surgery changes temporomandibular (TM) disk position. Databases searched on November 30, 2023 included Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria were studies of orthognathic surgery in individuals with maxillomandibular deformities reporting on TM disk position. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 and Newcastle-Ottawa scales. From 948 retrieved articles, 31 were included. Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) was the most common mandibular osteotomy technique and largely maintained disk position post-operatively. Intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) appeared to improve disk position, though studied less extensively. Overall, surgery had conflicting effects on disk position; quantitative methods showed little change. Limitations were small sample sizes and lack of standardization in assessing disk position. In conclusion, orthognathic surgery does not consistently alter TM disk position, though IVRO may confer some benefit. Larger, standardized studies are needed to better understand effects on TM joint status.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48688,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Orthodontics","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 355-366"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139754882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is malocclusion associated with jaw dysfunction?","authors":"Takashi Ono ,&nbsp;Ikuo Yonemitsu","doi":"10.1053/j.sodo.2024.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sodo.2024.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The maxillofacial region is an extremely important region of the body from birth, which is responsible for various functions such as sucking, swallowing, chewing, breathing and pronunciation. It has a complex structure and involves a variety of biological substances from the organ level to the molecular level. Since olden times, clinicians and basic researchers have been interested in the structural changes that occur when function is impaired, and numerous studies have been conducted. Nonetheless, the opposite direction, i.e., how structural disturbances, or malocclusion in orthodontics, affect function, has been less well understood. This is probably because of the methodological difficulties involved. In this review, we will first summarize the old question of whether dysfunction affects occlusion, focusing on masticatory function, especially jaw function, and then, based on this, we will outline a new concept, the proposition of whether malocclusion affects function, focusing on the \"substances\" that serve as the interface between structure and function.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48688,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Orthodontics","volume":"30 3","pages":"Pages 335-340"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139754879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications and challenges of implementing artificial intelligence in orthodontics: A primer for orthodontists","authors":"Min Kyeong Lee ,&nbsp;Veerasathpurush Allareddy ,&nbsp;Sankeerth Rampa ,&nbsp;Mohammed H. Elnagar ,&nbsp;Maysaa Oubaidin ,&nbsp;Sumit Yadav ,&nbsp;Shankar Rengasamy Venugopalan","doi":"10.1053/j.sodo.2024.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sodo.2024.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Artificial Intelligence based systems are exerting tremendous influence in the way we practice and render care to our patients. Improvements in computing capacities, decreasing costs of computing, availability of data from a wide range of sources, and societal push towards embracing innovations have changed the fundamental landscape of healthcare. Like in all specialties, Orthodontics has witnessed a burgeoning interest in research in the artificial intelligence realm. We undertook this narrative review to examine some of the contemporaneous issues that our specialty is facing with regards to implementing artificial intelligence based systems in our research and clinical practice. We present a high level overview of some common applications of artificial intelligence based systems in the field of Orthodontics and challenges in interpreting the models and implementing them in everyday clinical practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48688,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Orthodontics","volume":"30 1","pages":"Pages 72-76"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139423377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FMi --- Ed Board","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/S1073-8746(24)00021-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/S1073-8746(24)00021-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48688,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Orthodontics","volume":"30 1","pages":"Pages i-iv"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1073874624000215/pdfft?md5=620665916036e3899eca8eb07adf9deb&pid=1-s2.0-S1073874624000215-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139915194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistics every orthodontist should know","authors":"Nikolaos Pandis","doi":"10.1053/j.sodo.2024.01.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.sodo.2024.01.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48688,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Orthodontics","volume":"30 1","pages":"Page 1"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139915196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pay attention to the analysis: Common statistical errors in orthodontic randomised clinical trials","authors":"Jadbinder Seehra ,&nbsp;Nikolaos Pandis","doi":"10.1053/j.sodo.2024.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sodo.2024.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The introduction of reporting checklists such as CONSORT aimed to enhance the clarity and transparency of the reporting of Randomised Clinical Trials (RCTs). A benefit of clear reporting is to allow healthcare clinicians to assess both the study quality and trial findings and determine its applicability in the treatment of their patients. Despite this global initiative, the reporting of Randomised Clinical Trials (RCTs) undertaken in both dentistry and orthodontics has been reported to sub-optimal in relation to several domains affecting the validity of the trial. Within the literature the adequacy of the statistical analysis undertaken in a trial has been questioned. The aim of this narrative review is to provide clinicians with an overview of the common statistical errors evident in published orthodontic Clinical Trials and to highlight the potential consequences on the interpretation of the trial findings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48688,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Orthodontics","volume":"30 1","pages":"Pages 68-71"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1073874624000070/pdfft?md5=abedcc58fadd0983e400febdc60e5b7d&pid=1-s2.0-S1073874624000070-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139420688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Missing data: Issues, concepts, methods","authors":"Tra My Pham ,&nbsp;Nikolaos Pandis ,&nbsp;Ian R White","doi":"10.1053/j.sodo.2024.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sodo.2024.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Missing data are a common issue in medical research. We aim to explain in non-technical language the issues and concepts around missing data, as well as discuss common methods for handling missing data. Specifically, our objectives are to answer the following questions: (1) What are missing data and why should we care about them? (2) What are the missingness mechanisms and how do they impact statistical analysis? (3) How can we explore missing values in our datasets? (4) What are ad-hoc methods for dealing with missing values and are they valid? (5) What is multiple imputation? (6) What should we consider when conducting a multiple imputation analysis? (7) Is multiple imputation always needed? (8) How should we report an analysis with missing data? We illustrate discussions with examples from an orthodontic study.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48688,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Orthodontics","volume":"30 1","pages":"Pages 37-44"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1073874624000082/pdfft?md5=fa6de328a3209570f08491efe81cf914&pid=1-s2.0-S1073874624000082-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139458651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A gentle introduction to network meta-analysis for orthodontists","authors":"Yu-Kang Tu ,&nbsp;Jui-Yun Hsu ,&nbsp;Yuan-Hao Chang ,&nbsp;Ke-Wei Zheng ,&nbsp;Nikos Pandis","doi":"10.1053/j.sodo.2024.01.009","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sodo.2024.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Network meta-analysis has been widely used to address the limitations of traditional pairwise meta-analysis. Network meta-analysis incorporates all available evidence into a general statistical framework for comparing multiple treatments. The original Bayesian approach offers a statistical framework to address heterogeneity in the evidence and complexity in the data structure when </span>clinical trials<span> with more than two treatment groups are included. Alternative frequentist approaches have been developed and implemented in commonly used statistical software. The aim of this article is to provide a non-technical introduction to the statistical models and assumptions of network meta-analysis, such as consistency and transitivity, for the orthodontics and dental research community. An example was used to demonstrate how to conduct a network meta-analysis and how to use GRADE and CINeMA tools for placing confidence in the NMA effect estimates in a network meta-analysis. The statistical theory behind network meta-analysis is complex, so we strongly encourage close collaboration between orthodontists and experienced statisticians when planning and conducting a network meta-analysis. Network meta-analysis has been proven to be a very useful tool for evidence synthesis because it improves the efficiency of comparative effectiveness research and the quality of decision-making.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":48688,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Orthodontics","volume":"30 1","pages":"Pages 58-67"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139476349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability statistics every orthodontist should know","authors":"Jun-Ho Moon ,&nbsp;Ju-Myung Lee ,&nbsp;Ji-Ae Park ,&nbsp;Heeyeon Suh ,&nbsp;Shin-Jae Lee","doi":"10.1053/j.sodo.2023.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sodo.2023.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is essential to conduct a reliability examination even if the method was considered reliable in the past, as it may not be reliable in a new study conducted by different researchers using different materials. The current article highlights the importance of reliability examination in orthodontic studies and explains which assessment methods are more appropriate than others. Several fallacies in reporting and interpreting reliability are also discussed. In addition, the article presents examples of reliability examination for one-, two-, and three-dimensional data using graphic visualization in a tutorial format.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48688,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Orthodontics","volume":"30 1","pages":"Pages 45-49"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139069690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}