African Journal of Politics and Administrative Studies最新文献

{"title":"Political Conflict and Electoral Violence in Nigeria: Implications on National Security","authors":"Oyewole Lambe, Sulaiman Mubarak","doi":"10.4314/ajpas.v16i2.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ajpas.v16i2.23","url":null,"abstract":"The Electoral contest in many developing democracies in Africa including, Nigeria, are faced with the challenges of conducting free, fair, credible and violence-free elections. Political violence has become a stain on our democracy. The paper therefore assessed the impact of electoral violence on national security in Nigeria. The paper adopted the descriptive analytical approach. The data collected were classified, analyzed and organized chronologically in a manner that ensured effective interrogation and presentation of the interests driving the debate on the subject matter to ensure adequate comprehension. The frustration aggression theory was used to explain the cause of electoral violence in Nigeria. The study found out that Political violence is now a stain in our democracy that is now seen as a political structure and strategy for employment during election and the use of weapons during election have an after effect on the national security. Consequently, some policy recommendations were made. The political umpire has to take conscious and strategic actions against political violence, due to the fact that action and inaction of the government plays a major role in either stopping or continuing the menace. Appropriate security network and intelligence should be organized to monitor electoral activities to mitigate incidences of violence. The Independent National Electoral Commission should conduct transparent and credible elections while the political parties and candidates should ensure strict compliance with electoral regulations","PeriodicalId":486515,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Politics and Administrative Studies","volume":"370 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139012813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges of Shrinking Civic Space and the Path towards Sustainable Democracy in Nigeria: Lessons from the President Muhammadu Buhari Administration","authors":"Francisca Anyim-Ben, A. Itumo, Anyim Benjamin","doi":"10.4314/ajpas.v16i2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ajpas.v16i2.1","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the experienced challenges of shrinking civic space and the path towards sustainable democracy in Nigeria during the President Muhammadu Buhari administration. It discusses the etymology and problems of shrinking civic space in Nigeria under democratic dispensation. The paper also highlights the potential consequences and some practical instances of shrunk civic spaces during Buhari’s administration. It goes further to link the concept, roles, setbacks and examples of Civil Society Organisations (CSOs)and how they attempted to promote and safeguard civil space. The paper identifies the connectivity between Marxism and Liberalism theory in the Nigerian civic space and highlights the efforts made by these theories to address the shrinking of civil space. Furthermore, it presents a comprehensive analysis of the prospects and challenges of the civic space in Nigeria and provides steps for policy reforms as a roadmap towards achieving sustainable democracy. The researchers recommend amongst others that the government should prioritize transparency and accountability in its actions and policies. This could be done by promoting access to information and ensuring that public officials are held accountable for their actions and combating corruption. By promoting transparency and accountability, the government is most likely to build trust with citizens, strengthen democratic institutions, and create an environment conducive to sustainable democracy in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":486515,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Politics and Administrative Studies","volume":"93 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139017275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transnational Security Threats and Border Management: A Study of Cross-Border Crime Challenges at the Nigeria-Niger Border","authors":"Idrees Gana, Ogaji Adamu, Muhammad Zakariya'u","doi":"10.4314/ajpas.v16i2.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ajpas.v16i2.39","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the complex dynamics of transnational security threats and the corresponding border management strategies at the Nigeria-Niger border, with a focus on cross-border crime challenges. The overarching theoretical framework employed in this research is the Theory of Transnationalism, which emphasizes the interconnectedness and interdependence of countries in the contemporary global context. The study draws on a rich body of secondary data from various sources, including academic publications, government reports, international organizations, and non-governmental organizations. These sources provide insights into the multifaceted nature of cross-border crimes such as human trafficking, drug smuggling, arms proliferation, and terrorism, which have the potential to destabilize both Nigeria and Niger and have far-reaching consequences for the broader West African region. The analysis of the data reveals the intricacies of cross-border criminal networks, highlighting the role of porous borders, economic disparities, and political instability in facilitating criminal activities. In conclusion, this research underscores the importance of a comprehensive understanding of transnational security threats and the vital role of effective border management in addressing them. The findings contribute to the broader discourse on border security in the context of transnationalism and offer valuable insights for policymakers, security agencies, and international organizations working to combat cross-border crime and enhance regional stability in West Africa.","PeriodicalId":486515,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Politics and Administrative Studies","volume":"310 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139019953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling Perennial Communal Land Conflict in Nigeria: A Study of Nchoko Igbeagu Izzi, Ebonyi State","authors":"Okafor Lawrence, Sunday Nwangele","doi":"10.4314/ajpas.v16i2.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ajpas.v16i2.18","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focused on modeling perennial communal land conflict in Nigeria: A study of Nchoko Igbeagu Izzi, Ebonyi State The paper looked at the concept elucidation of conflict, land conflict, perennial communal conflict, conflict management and perennial land conflict management. It examined various consequences of conflict. The paper identified, developed and classified major models to conflict management approach into traditional, modern and trad-modern approaches in management of perennial land conflict in Nchoko Igbeagu Izzi, Ebonyi State. The paper was anchored on Greed-Grievance Theory. Research design adopted for the study was both qualitative and quantitative. Primary data were generated through interview and focused group discussion while secondary data was gotten from textbooks and journals. Content Analytical Approach was used to analyze the data. From findings made through oral interview, it was observed that communal land conflict usually burst during planting season of the year and that conflict occurs due to injustice and domination. The implications of this are that production is reduced, supply of goods and services are halted and a lot of attacks were witnessed. The paper concludes that leaders at all levels should be transparent and impartial in handling complaints. However, based on the findings it was recommended that leaders at all level in the community should be transparent and justly handle land complaint, negotiation instead of confrontation should be adopted in conflict resolution and mediators should avoid kick-back in conflict settlement.","PeriodicalId":486515,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Politics and Administrative Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139013862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the Consequences of Gender-Based Violence on Economic Inclusivity of Women in Sokoto State","authors":"Sanusi Abdulwasiu, Kabiru Musa","doi":"10.4314/ajpas.v16i2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ajpas.v16i2.6","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated the consequences of Gender-Based Violence (GBV) on economic inclusivity of women as reported by selected survivors in Sokoto State of Nigeria. The study explored the experiences of 40 purposively selected women aged, 15 to 45 years from the lists of 1000 survivors (GBV Victims) under the Sokoto State Ministry of Women Affairs who have been victims of Gender Abused/Violence. Qualitative data on GBV experiences and associated factors were collected through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). Descriptive analysis was used for the demographic characteristics of the participants. The transcription of the recorded audio cassettes, together with the recorded field notes, provided data for the thematic analysis. The discussions revealed that the principal consequences of GBV on economic development of women in Sokoto State include loss of jobs, reduced productivity, reduced workforce participation, denied economic inclusiveness, lower educational attainment, extreme economic dependency, total lack of trust, psychological trauma, depression, low self-esteem, and mental illness, which hampers them from relating meaningfully with people around them. The findings also confirmed that the majority of the victims don’t report the abuse case to the appropriate authority because they felt if reported, the perpetrators may likely hunt them back and dealt with them decisively. The finding confirmed that communities responses and their lack of sincerity for not taking action against gender-based violence (GBV) abusers have perpetuates a culture of violence, inequality, and impunity thereby escalation of violence, continued victimization of victims, as well as diminishing community cohesion. In order to reduce this ugly act, the paper proffers the following recommendations; Government should raise awareness and education; strengthen legal and judicial systems; provide comprehensive support services; foster community engagement; empower women and girls to mention but a few","PeriodicalId":486515,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Politics and Administrative Studies","volume":"93 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139014411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skill Acquisition for Youth Empowerment and Reduction of Unemployment in Ebonyi State, Nigeria","authors":"Ogeh Eze","doi":"10.4314/ajpas.v16i2.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ajpas.v16i2.33","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims at investigating the effect of skills acquisition and youth empowerment on the reduction of youth unemployment in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The Economic Survival-Based Theory was adopted. Data for the study were gotten from both primary and secondary sources. The research was conducted in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. A total of 371 questionnaires were administered to respondents using purposive sampling techniques and on the spot filling and collection. The data obtained from the field were subjected to descriptive statistics and correlation analysis, particularly, using Pearson Moment Correlation Coefficient, Microsoft SPSS (version 21). The reliability of the instrument was established using Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient method. A total of 30 respondents who were not part of the sample were used in testing the reliability of this instrument. The reliability coefficient stood at 0.672. The results of the Mean and Standard Deviation and the testing of the four alternative hypotheses indicate that skills acquisition and youth empowerment have the potential to create employment opportunities and reduce youth unemployment in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Findings from this study reveal that skill acquisition in the areas of carpentry, fashion design/tailoring business, barbing saloon and handset repairs have empowered the youths meaningfully to generate employment and reduce unemployment in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The study also reveals that most youths accept political appointment as empowerment owing to the fact that they lack requisite skills and startup capital to be independent and self-reliant. The study show that most youths prefer skills acquisition and startup capital to start a venture of their own and be self-reliant than political appointment. The study concluded that the strategies of empowerment adopted by government through the offering of political appointment to young graduates without skills is erroneous and same does reduce unemployment per se. Based on the findings, the study recommended, amongst others that, skill acquisition should be made compulsory from secondary school to tertiary levels, such that every graduate irrespective of one’s course of study should possess one skill as a prerequisite for graduation. The centre for the skill acquisitions in each institution should certify the student before graduation. It is also recommended that technical and vocational devices, machines and tools necessary for takeoff of every graduate with a requisite skill should be made accessible and supplied free of charge. Also, that there is need for reorientation of the youths in line with the present economic realities in order to obviate self-pride and shame and avail themselves with the skills acquisition opportunities available to them.","PeriodicalId":486515,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Politics and Administrative Studies","volume":"106 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139023827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local Government Autonomy in Nigeria: Implications for Quality Service Delivery at the Grassroots LevelLocal Government Autonomy in Nigeria: Implications for Quality Service Delivery at the Grassroots Level","authors":"Cornelius Okorie, Tobechi Obasi, Chiedozie Nwosu, Christopher Arua","doi":"10.4314/ajpas.v16i2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ajpas.v16i2.16","url":null,"abstract":"Local government (LG) is the third tier of government that is domesticated at the grassroots level outside the State and Federal governments. LGs are established to ensure effective governance at the local level. Nigeria adopted federal system that envisages autonomy for every level of government. Contrarily, there has been the issue of LG inability to ensure the provision of quality infrastructural and developmental projects, its inability to initiate, implement and execute projects at the localities according to constitutional provisions. All these are attributed to the state government dominance of the affairs of LGs. As such, this paper intends to x-ray the implications of local government autonomy to quality service delivery on the grassroots populace, especially in the areas of political, administrative and fiscal autonomy. We considered Systems theory as apt for this paper. Methodologically, qualitative approach was used. Extant literatures were conceptually and empirically reviewed. Conclusively, we observed significant low service delivery hugely linked to lack of LGs autonomy. To this extent we recommend that LGs should be granted autonomy in order to enhance effectiveness, efficiency and quality service delivery to the people at the grassroots.   ","PeriodicalId":486515,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Politics and Administrative Studies","volume":"144 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139015849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Igbophobia and the Quest for National Cohesion in Nigeria: The 2023 General Elections in Perspective","authors":"Destiny U. Nwodom, Chikaodiri Ukah, Simon Ugochukwu","doi":"10.4314/ajpas.v16i2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ajpas.v16i2.8","url":null,"abstract":"The much anticipated 2023 general elections had come and gone but its effects toward nation building and national cohesion is sacrosanct. The emergence of the formal Governor of Anambra state, Peter Obi as the labour party presidential candidate, his popularity and acceptance among the youth in the country (Obedient movement) re-awakened an Igbophobic sentiment and hatred against Igbo people by the other ethnic groups. There were phobic comments that Igbos are trying to take over Nigeria and divide the country in order to create Biafra. The study examined Igbophobic sentiment during the 2023 general elections and its implications on the national cohesion. The data for the study were derived from the secondary source, while descriptive method of data analysis was used to analysed the data generated. The was study anchored on the Realist Group Conflict Theory (RGCT) which states that competition between groups for finite resources, power and fair of domination leads to inter group stereotype, antagonism and conflict. Findings reveal that, the fear of Igbo domination created the stereotype and Igbophobic attitudes among other ethnic groups. The study therefore recommends among other things; the rotation of the seat of presidency among the six geopolitical zones as this will give sense of belonging to other minority ethnic groups.","PeriodicalId":486515,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Politics and Administrative Studies","volume":"4 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139015969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Illegal Migration to Europe and Nigeria’s Policy Response: Trends and Analysis","authors":"J. Adibe, Baban’umma Mohammed, Ezike Chigozie","doi":"10.4314/ajpas.v16i2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ajpas.v16i2.9","url":null,"abstract":"Illegal migration poses significant challenges, straining economies, and endangering lives. Nigeria grapples with these issues, with citizens seeking better prospects in Europe. Human trafficking, exploitation, and border control inefficiencies heighten risks. Nigeria's policy response involves diplomatic cooperation, awareness campaigns, and economic reforms to illegal migration, emphasizing regional collaboration for lasting solutions. This paper examines the nature of illegal migration of Nigerians to Europe and Nigeria’s policy response. The study adopted qualitative method of data collection. Findings of the study show that over 5.8 million Nigerian men, women, and children are migrants in Europe. Majority of Nigerians who left the country illegally used the Central Mediterranean Sea en route to reach Italy, Spain, and other European nations. Findings also revealed that thousands of Nigerian youths have left the country as a result of these socio-economic issues, including a lack of employment opportunities, low pay or wages, poverty, failing health care system, failing educational system, unfavourable working conditions, and a high cost of living. The study recommends among others, that Nigeria's policy response should prioritize addressing socioeconomic disparities, unemployment, and insecurity within the country to discourage citizens from seeking illegal migration as a solution. Secondly, Nigeria should enhance cooperation with European nations to combat illegal migration through intelligence sharing, joint law enforcement efforts, and support for repatriation programs.","PeriodicalId":486515,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Politics and Administrative Studies","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139016208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance Appraisal and Employees Productivity in Ebonyi State Civil Service","authors":"Ikechukwu Nwazufu","doi":"10.4314/ajpas.v16i2.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ajpas.v16i2.22","url":null,"abstract":"Promotion of workers is a crucial factor influencing overall performance of workers and success of any organization. This study examined performance appraisal and employee productivity in Ebonyi State Civil Service. Two-factor theory of motivation was employed as theoretical framework of analysis. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. Simple random and stratified sampling was employed to draw target respondents for the study. The target population of 798 drawn from 10 selected Ministries of Ebonyi State civil service with sample size of 266 was used. Data were collected from primary sources through self-structured questionnaire, on a 5-point Likert scale. Findings revealed that promotion procedures and policies are not fairly and properly implemented; that there is incessant delay of promotion; and that workers in Ebonyi State civil service are dissatisfied with their job because of non-implementation of financial benefits accruing from promotion. The study concluded that promotion is one of the key factors that motivates and stimulate job satisfaction in workers and enhance performance. The study recommends that promotion procedures and policies should be standardized, promotion of workers from one grade level to another should be conducted annually and that financial benefits of promotion should be implemented immediately promotion results are released.  ","PeriodicalId":486515,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Politics and Administrative Studies","volume":"394 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139021779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}