Structures最新文献

{"title":"Experimental study and prediction model analysis for creep behaviour of recycled ceramic aggregate concrete-filled square-shaped steel tube","authors":"Hong Huang ,&nbsp;Yu Zhong ,&nbsp;Chao Yang ,&nbsp;Mengcheng Chen ,&nbsp;Ao Wang ,&nbsp;Jinkai Chen ,&nbsp;Haiyang Zhuang ,&nbsp;Yi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108674","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108674","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coarse aggregate formed by crushing waste ceramics is used to produce recycled ceramic coarse aggregate concrete (RCCAC), which is then poured into steel tubes, resulting in a recycled ceramic aggregate concrete-filled steel tube (RCCACFST). The restraining effect of the steel tube can compensate for deficiencies in both the material properties and the interface performance. Concrete creep is a well-known factor that affects the mechanical properties of CFST structures. Therefore, this paper presents a creep test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and calculation analysis for RCCACFST, and some valuable data and innovative results were obtained. Firstly, the creep tests of six square RCCACFST short columns were carried out under different stress levels and recycled ceramic coarse aggregate (RCCA) replacement rate. The test results demonstrated that the incorporation of RCCA reduced the creep coefficient of the composite columns by 7.4 %–18.8 %. Nonlinear creep development was evident when the stress level in the core concrete exceeded 0.49. Furthermore, SEM analysis showed that the constraint performance of the RCCA on the cement matrix was weaker than that of the natural aggregate. The experimental data were then compared with predictions made using the age-adjusted effective modulus method (AAEM). The ACI209-W and Ruiz-ACI209-W models were recommended for predicting the long-term deformation of RCCACFST under low and high loading levels, respectively. Finally, the influence of 5 key parameters on RCCACFST creep was studied. The results can be used as reference for the full-life cycle design of RCCACFST.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108674"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Failure mechanism and residual load bearing capacity of blast-loaded reinforced concrete bridge column considering bottom corrosion effect","authors":"Bingxuan Zhou ,&nbsp;Xing Chen ,&nbsp;Suwen Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reinforced Concrete (RC) bridges serving in offshore, coastal and cold climate regions are highly susceptible to chloride attacks and may be threatened by blast risks. Though quite a few studies have been conducted on the individual threat from chloride salt erosion or blast, very few have investigated their combined effects. As a result, the failure mechanism of corroded RC columns subjected to blast loading remains unclear. In this study, the failure mechanism and residual load bearing capacity of bottom corroded RC columns situated along the shore subjected to non-close-range blast scenarios were investigated through numerical simulations adopting LS-DYNA. Dynamic response characteristics of virgin and corroded RC bridge columns under different blast scenarios were first analyzed. Then, the influence mechanisms of bottom corrosion on the failure mode of RC bridge columns and the residual load-bearing capacity were explored. The analysis results indicate that the influence of reinforcement corrosion on the residual load-bearing capacity of blast-loaded RC bridge columns varies with the blast scaled distance. Four representative zones, i.e., Zone Ⅰ: corrosion and blast -induced damage competition zone, Zone Ⅱ: local blast-damage dominated zone, Zone Ⅲ: corrosion-induced failure mode transition zone and Zone Ⅳ: global blast-damage dominated zone are classified based on different influence of bottom corrosion on the residual load-bearing capacity of blast-loaded RC bridge columns at different scaled distances. Notably, corrosion shows the most significant effect in zone Ⅲ because of the corrosion-induced failure mode transition (CIFMT) effect, which may lead to a transition between shear failure mode and bending failure mode at the bottom plastic hinge of a RC column as the corrosion ratio increases. The CIFMT effect is caused by two factors: 1) bottom corrosion of RC columns changes the shear resistance of their bottom plastic hinges during the initial rebound stage under blast loads; 2) bottom corrosion of RC columns significantly reduces the flexural stiffness in the corroded zone, leading to a decrease in the moment and shear force at the bottom plastic hinge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108668"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forced vibration of composite nanoplates taking into the structural drag phenomenon","authors":"Phan Quang Phuc ,&nbsp;Pham Van Dong ,&nbsp;Nguyen Trong Hai ,&nbsp;Luu Gia Thien","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to optimize the benefits derived from diverse materials, individuals frequently employ multi-layered constructions composed of several materials. As a result, the operational efficiency of these buildings is enhanced. This study employs a finite simulation approach to investigate the dynamic behavior of composite nanoplates supported by an elastic substrate with varying stiffness. The composite panel comprises two layers of material separated by a continuous surface characterized by a sine wave function, as well as a folded surface exhibiting a square wave shape. Notably, this research represents the first instance in which such a simulation solution is utilized for this purpose. The calculation formulas are derived from two novel shear deformation theories, wherein the incorporation of the nonlocal theory allows for the consideration of size effects. Furthermore, a notable aspect of this study is its consideration of both the impact of internal drag on the structure and the influence of initial shape flaws, spanning from the global to the local level. Furthermore, the inclusion of these factors adds complexity to the calculation methods, while the resulting calculations closely approximate the real behavior of these structures. This study establishes a significant scientific foundation for the selection of suitable parameters for the practical design of composite panels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108633"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the stiffening of structural components in two-way joist concrete slab floors for vibration control under human walking","authors":"Gelacio Juárez-Luna ,&nbsp;Carlos Roberto Huerta-Quiroz ,&nbsp;Omar Caballero-Garatachea ,&nbsp;Manuel E. Ruiz-Sandoval","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The stiffening of structural components in waffle slabs systems as remedial measure to control acceleration under human walking is evaluated. The stiffened structural components were: slab, beams, joists, domes at the edges and domes at the centre of the span. The stiffening of the slab was achieved with the increment of modulus of elasticity of concrete and with the increment of the depth of the structural components, using normal or lightweight concrete. The increment of the stiffness of the beams and joists was achieved with the increment of their depths, consequently, the second moment of area was increased. The evaluation of the stiffening of these structural components to control vibration was carried out in finite element models of a two-way joist concrete slab panel. The modelling of the panel was detailed, the concrete slab and solid heads were meshed with shell finite elements, beams, joists and columns with frame finite elements. The numerical models were calibrated and validated with the natural frequency obtained with experimental ambient vibration tests. The concrete slab lies in two-way joists, which are also supported on three principal beams and on a wall at the panel edges. Three principal beams are supported at the corners of the panel on solid heads over square section columns, but one beam is supported on a wall. As a result of the evaluation of the stiffening of structural components in the numerical models of the waffle slab system, the remedial measures to reduce the acceleration induced by human activities are: increment of the concrete modulus of elasticity, increment of the slab thickness, increment of joists depth, increment of only pairs of central joist depth, increment of the depth of structural components of waffle slabs with lightweight concrete, and filling up the domes with normal or light weight concrete which are along the perimeter edges and at the centre of the span. On the contrary, increment of the principal beam’s depth is not a remedial measure to control accelerations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108659"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interval response reconstruction based on Kalman filter","authors":"Zhenrui Peng,&nbsp;Jialiang Che,&nbsp;Yibo Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108621","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108621","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of structural response reconstruction is to determine the responses at the unmeasured nodes based on the responses at the measured nodes. This study focuses on utilizing Kalman filtering for structural response reconstruction under the influence of random noise, aiming to obtain the interval boundaries of acceleration responses at the unmeasured structure nodes. Considering the reconstruction errors caused by random model noise and measurement noise within the Kalman filter, an Interval Response Reconstruction (IRR) method based on Kalman filtering is proposed. The IRR method utilizes the state error set to capture error information during the Kalman filter-based response reconstruction process. By leveraging the Gaussian distribution properties, it establishes an error boundary set to calculate the error radius of the posterior state estimation of Kalman filter. Through response reconstruction and radius reconstruction equations, the acceleration response and response interval of the unmeasured structural nodes are obtained, achieving interval-based reconstruction of structural acceleration responses. The method is validated through both numerical simulations and experimental analyses. Results indicate that under different sensor configurations and noise levels, the percentage errors of the response intervals are within 1.9 % for the crane numerical example and 0.3 % for the simply supported beam experiment. The deviation of the actual acceleration response from the reconstructed interval bounds does not exceed 0.08. Compared to traditional Kalman filter-based response reconstruction, the proposed IRR method shows minimal sensitivity to sensor configurations and effectively mitigates the influence of random noise through interval representation. When compared to the Zonotopic Kalman filter (ZKF) and Interval Observer filtering (IOF) methods, the proposed IRR method demonstrates superior performance in reconstructing acceleration response intervals at the unmeasured nodes, exhibiting robust interval reconstruction capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108621"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic responses and energy absorption characteristics of windmill-shaped auxetic structure under impact loading","authors":"Chuanbiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Fucong Lu ,&nbsp;Wenchao Mo ,&nbsp;Kelan Mo ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Yilin Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108670","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108670","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In engineering applications, lightweight and high-strength materials are highly sought after. The conventional missing rib structure is a type of auxetic metamaterial known for its lightweight and superior auxetic performance, but it experiences drawbacks such as inconsistent deformation and suboptimal energy absorption. In this paper, we present an enhanced auxetic structure inspired from the windmill. The deformation mechanism of the structure is investigated using finite element analysis. Theoretical derivations are provided for the plateau stress of the structure under impact, with finite element simulations used to confirm these results. Additionally, the impact of various geometric parameters on the energy absorption characteristics of the structure is examined. Findings show that the energy absorption of the proposed design is increased by more than 70 % compared with the traditional structure, and the specific energy absorption is increased by more than 20 %. This research offers theoretical foundations and design insights for future applications of the windmill-shaped auxetic structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108670"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on grouped large diameter short stud connectors in precast steel-thin UHPC composite bridge slab","authors":"Yang Chen ,&nbsp;Yuxuan Sheng ,&nbsp;Chong Ren ,&nbsp;Yong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Grouped stud shear connectors have been employed in shear pockets of precast concrete slab to accelerate the construction of bridges. To satisfy the requirements of both the great longitudinal shear strength and small thickness of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) slab, grouped large diameter short stud was proposed in this study and fourteen push-out specimens were conducted with the variations in stud diameter, stud spacing, casting method and the strength of grouting material in shear pocket. The indexes including failure mode, load-slip curves, shear strength and shear stiffness were emphatically studied during the test. Additionally, finite element analysis was performed and the simulated calculation results were compared with the test results. For further research, more stud spacing values and different shear pocket shapes were evaluated by the numerical analysis method. The results showed that the cracks development of the cast-in-place specimen was different from that of precast specimens, and the failure of the precast specimens were controlled by the fracture of the stud shank and the local crushing of the concrete. The shear strength and stiffness of the stud increased with the increasing of the stud diameter and stud spacing (varying from 2d to 4d), but premature failure of the shear pocket with normal strength concrete led to the decreasing of the shear strength. The grouped stud effect was not pronounced at the longitudinal stud spacing exceeding 5d. The circular shaped shear pocket was suggested to applied in the prefabricated thin UHPC slab to maximize the shear performance. Furthermore, the shear strength and load-slip curves for grouped large diameter short stud in precast steel-thin UHPC bridge slab were put forward, and the accuracies of proposed models were verified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108663"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic performance of seawater sea sand reinforced concrete composite beams confined with C-FRCM under lateral impact loads","authors":"Jia-Wei Chen ,&nbsp;Ju Chen ,&nbsp;Yancheng Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108644","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108644","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dynamic performance of seawater sea sand reinforced concrete (SSRC) composite beams confined with carbon-fabric reinforced cementitious matrix (C-FRCM) under lateral impact loads was experimentally investigated using the drop hammer test machine. In this study, a new type of composite beam was developed, by integrating C-FRCM with SSRC beams, which can be applied to ICCP-SS systems. A new casting method tailored for the SSRC composite beams confined with C-FRCM was proposed to favor the bonding between the C-FRCM and the SSRC beam, ensuring superior interfacial performance compared to traditional externally bonded FRP systems. Six SSRC composite beams were tested under static and lateral impact loads at varying velocities. Results showed that SSRC composite beams confined with C-FRCM exhibited improved resistance to impact loads, with an 8.4 % increase in impact load resistance and a 12.3 % increase in deflection capacity compared to conventional SSRC beams. The enhanced performance is attributed to the confinement and additional tensile resistance provided by the C-FRCM. The study also introduced a simplified calculation method to predict the maximum deflection under impact loads based on initial kinetic energy and static test results, providing a practical tool for engineering design. Additionally, a damage assessment method based on residual deflection was proposed to evaluate the impact resistance of the SSRC composite beams. The findings demonstrate that C-FRCM confinement significantly improves the dynamic performance of SSRC beams, making them suitable for applications in coastal and marine environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108644"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic fragility analysis using vector IMs and resilience assessment for ATC towers based on equipment seismic demand","authors":"Xin Huang,&nbsp;Ruo-Yu Zhang,&nbsp;Yu Chen,&nbsp;Qi Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ensuring the safety of air traffic control equipment in an airport tower during an earthquake is crucial for safe operations. This study determined seismic demand through maximum acceleration at equipment locations and developed a seismic fragility analysis method using vector intensity measures (<em>IM</em>s). Seismic resilience curves for the tower system were constructed on the basis of the loss function and the recovery function. For a typical tower structure, failure states were defined according to the equipment's performance limits. The peak ground acceleration (PGA) and peak ground velocity (PGV) were chosen as <em>IM</em>s, yielding seismic fragility curves for scalar <em>IM</em>s and fragility surfaces for vector <em>IM</em>s across different performance limits. The effects of vector <em>IM</em>s and both far-field and near-field earthquakes on equipment failure probability were examined, and the impacts of different recovery function models on the seismic resilience of the tower were investigated. The results indicated that using the PGA and PGV resulted in lower variability and error in the seismic fragility analysis. When comparing scalar <em>IM</em>s (PGA or PGV) to vector <em>IM</em>s (PGA and PGV), the equipment failure probability was notably greater for vector <em>IM</em>s. Moreover, the equipment failure probability was greater for near-field earthquakes than for far-field earthquakes. As the PGA increased, the functional loss and recovery time of the tower system significantly increased. Under near-field earthquakes with PGV = 0.5 m/s, the function loss of the tower system was 14.9 % and 44.1 % for PGAs of 0.4 <em>g</em> and 1.2 <em>g</em>, respectively, with recovery times of 5.04 days and 29.35 days. Compared with the linear recovery model and the trigonometric recovery model, the exponential recovery model has greater seismic resilience for towers, under a far-field earthquake with a PGA of 1.2 <em>g</em>, the resilience values from the linear, trigonometric, and exponential function recovery models are 0.911, 0.911, and 0.967, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108682"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel hybrid steepest descent map and angle condition for structural reliability analysis","authors":"Zhongming Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.istruc.2025.108539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The analytical structural reliability analysis using a nonlinear iterative map without control have instabilities for searching the reliability index in some nonlinear cases. The steepest descent discrete map is simple for formulation but its iterative formulation should be enhanced for achieving stabilization. In this paper, the nonlinear discrete map given form directional steepest descent method is enhanced based on an inexact search direction vector for improving the robustness of iterative reliability method. A dynamical-accelerated step size is proposed for enhancing the instabilities of analytical reliability without controlling properties as main effort while these frameworks can be improved the computational burden of directional reliability method. An angle condition is proposed for enhancing the directional discrete map applied in the sensitivity vector as main factor in iterative formulation for approximation of failure probability. The dynamical-accelerated step size is adjusted using an inner loop based on iterative information. The instability of steepest descent method and efficiency of directional chaos control method are enhanced based on inexact step size given form the angle condition. The proposed analytical methods for searching failure probability showed a superior conveyance for both stability and efficiency compared to traditional iterative methods and these proposed reliability methods are strongly improved the computational burden of iterative chaos control formulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48642,"journal":{"name":"Structures","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 108539"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}