Jpad-Journal of Prevention of Alzheimers Disease最新文献

{"title":"The Effects of Dual-Task Training on Cognitive and Physical Functions in Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment; A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"N. Ali, H. Tian, L. Thabane, J. Ma, H. Wu, Q. Zhong, Y. Gao, C. Sun, Yi Zhu, Tong Wang","doi":"10.14283/jpad.2022.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jpad.2022.16","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective Individuals with Alzheimer disease and dementia experience cognitive decline and reduction in physical capabilities. Engaging in cognitive challenges and physical exercises is effective in reducing age-related cognitive and physical decline. It is believed that physical activity in the context of cognitive challenges might enhance the process of neurogenesis in the adult brain, but how effective are such interventions? Is there enough evidence to support that dual-task training is more effective than cognitive or physical training alone? To what extent can such training improve cognitive and physical functions in patients at various stages of cognitive decline? Methodology This systematic review with meta-analysis summarizes the emerging evidence of dual-task training for enhancing cognitive and physical functions in older individuals with cognitive impairment, dementia or Alzheimer’s disease. A systematic search was carried out in MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library with the following search terms: randomized control trials, dual-task training, SCD, MCI, dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease. Results A total of 21 studies with 2,221 participants were identified. The results of dual-task tanning intervention are summarized as change in global cognitive function; SMD = 0.24, (P= 0.002), memory; SMD = 0.28, (P = 0.000), executive function; SMD = 0.35, (P = 0.000), attention; SMD = −0.19, (P = 0.1), gait speed; SMD = 0.26, (P = 0.007), dual-task cost; SMD 0.56, (P = 0.000), and balance; SMD 0.36, (P = 0.004). Conclusion Primary analysis showed a small-to-medium positive effect of dual-task training interventions on cognitive functions and medium-to-large positive effect on gait functions and balance.","PeriodicalId":48606,"journal":{"name":"Jpad-Journal of Prevention of Alzheimers Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47461876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of Heart/Vascular Aging with Mild Cognitive Impairment in a Rural Multiethnic Cohort: The Project FRONTIER Study","authors":"D. Appiah, G. Ashworth, A. Boles, N. Nair","doi":"10.14283/jpad.2022.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jpad.2022.15","url":null,"abstract":"Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) disproportionately affect rural communities. Identifying strategies to effectively communicate CVD risk to prevent these conditions remains a high priority. Objective We assessed the relation between predicted heart/vascular age (PHA), an easily communicated metric of CVD risk, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), an early manifestation of ADRD. Design, Setting, Participants Data were from 967 rural West Texas residents aged ≥40 years without CVD at baseline (2009–2012) enrolled in Project FRONTIER, an ongoing, multiethnic cohort study on cognitive aging. Measurements MCI was diagnosed using the standardized consensus review criteria. PHA was calculated using the Framingham CVD risk equation. High excess PHA (HEPHA) was defined as the difference between PHA and chronological age >5 years. Logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Result At baseline, the mean age of participants (70% women and 64% Hispanics) was 55 years. Almost 13% had MCI and 65% had HEPHA. After adjusting for socio-demographic and health factors, HEPHA was positively associated with MCI (OR=2.98; 95%CI: 1.72–5.15). Among participants without MCI at baseline who returned for follow-up exam after three years (n=238), a three-year negative change in PHA was seemingly associated with reduced odds for MCI (OR=0.98; 95%CI: 0.96–1.01). Conclusions In this study, PHA was positively associated with MCI, with improvement in CVD risk profile seemingly related to reduced odds for MCI. PHA may provide a low-cost means of communicating CVD risk in rural settings to prevent both CVD and ADRD.","PeriodicalId":48606,"journal":{"name":"Jpad-Journal of Prevention of Alzheimers Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41706789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Memantine in AAV-AD Rat: A Model of Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease Predementia","authors":"B. Souchet, M. Audrain, S. Alves, R. Fol, Satoru Tada, N. S. Orefice, B. Potier, P. Dutar, J. Billard, N. Cartier, J. Braudeau","doi":"10.14283/jpad.2021.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jpad.2021.67","url":null,"abstract":"Background Though our understanding of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains elusive, it is well known that the disease starts long before the first signs of dementia. This is supported by the large number of symptomatic drug failures in clinical trials and the increased trend to enroll patients at predementia stages with either mild or no cognitive symptoms. However, the design of pre-clinical studies does not follow this attitude, in particular regarding the choice of animal models, often irrelevant to mimic predementia Late Onset Alzheimer’s Disease (LOAD). Objectives We aimed to pharmacologically validate the AAV-AD rat model to evaluate preventive treatment of AD. Methods We evaluated an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, named memantine, in AAV-AD rats, an age-dependent amyloid rat model which closely mimics Alzheimer’s pathology including asymptomatic and prodromal stages. Memantine was used at a clinically relevant dose (20 mg daily oral administration) from 4 (asymptomatic phase) to 10 (mild cognitive impairment phase) months of age. Results A 6-month treatment with memantine promoted a non-amyloidogenic cleavage of APP followed by a decrease in soluble Aβ42. Consequently, both long-term potentiation and cognitive impairments were prevented. By contrast, the levels of hyperphosphorylated endogenous tau remained unchanged, indicating that a long-term memantine treatment is ineffective to restrain the APP processing-induced tauopathy. Conclusions Together, our data confirm that relevant models to LOAD, such as the AAV-AD rat, can provide a framework for a better understanding of the disease and accurate assessment of preventive treatments.","PeriodicalId":48606,"journal":{"name":"Jpad-Journal of Prevention of Alzheimers Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47765580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Dementia Risk in Older Veterans Using A Mailing Survey","authors":"Aashaq Shah, O. Ysea-Hill, A. Torres-Morales, C. Gomez, A. Castellanos, J. Ruiz","doi":"10.14283/jpad.2022.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jpad.2022.14","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence suggests that dementia can be prevented. Patients with frailty may be particularly at risk for cognitive impairment (CI). The aim of this study was to determine dementia risk in older Veterans and whether the risk varies according to frailty status. We also evaluated the feasibility of mailed dementia risk screening. Participants were mailed a questionnaire and the Self-Administered Gerocognitive Examination (SAGE). High dementia risk was defined as having mild cognitive impairment (MCI) on SAGE or a CAIDE score ≥6. Out of 5,432 mailed surveys, we obtained a response rate of 19.75%. Most responders completed the questionnaire items. We identified a total of 689 (75.9%) subjects to be at high risk for dementia. Individuals with frailty were at a greater risk for dementia when compared to robust individuals OR:1.921 (95%CI:1.259–2.930), p=.002. The mailed screening represents a convenient, alternative and scalable approach to screen for dementia risk.","PeriodicalId":48606,"journal":{"name":"Jpad-Journal of Prevention of Alzheimers Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49239042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study Protocol of a Comprehensive Activity Promotion Program for the Prevention of Dementia: A Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol","authors":"H. Shimada, S. Lee, K. Harada, S. Bae, K. Makino, I. Chiba, O. Katayama, H. Arai","doi":"10.14283/jpad.2022.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jpad.2022.12","url":null,"abstract":"Background Several technical devices are available to monitor and promote changes in behavior toward higher activity. In particular, smartphones are becoming the primary platform for recognizing human activity. However, the effects of behavior change techniques that promote physical, cognitive, and social activities on incident dementia in older adults remain unknown. Objectives This randomized controlled trial aims to examine the effects of behavior change techniques on the prevention of dementia among community-dwelling older adults using a smartphone as a behavior change tool. Design A randomized controlled trial. Setting Community in Japan. Participants The study cohort comprises 3,498 individuals, aged ≥60 years, randomized into two groups: the smartphone group (n = 1,749) and the control group (n = 1,749). Intervention. The smartphone group will be asked to use smartphone applications for at least 30 minutes daily to self-manage and improve their physical, cognitive, and social activities. The smartphone group will perform 60-minute group walking sessions using application-linked Nordic walking poles with cognitive stimulation twice a week during the intervention period. The walking poles are a dual-task exercise tool that works with a smartphone to perform cognitive tasks while walking, and the poles are equipped with switches to answer questions for simple calculation and memory tasks. The smartphone and control groups will receive lectures about general health that will be provided during the baseline and follow-up assessments. Measurements Incident dementia will be detected using cognitive tests (at baseline, after 15 months, and after 30 months) and by preparing diagnostic monthly reports based on data from the Japanese Health Insurance System. Participants without dementia at baseline who will be diagnosed with dementia over the 30-month follow-up period will be considered to have incident dementia. Conclusions This study has the potential to provide the first evidence of the effectiveness of information communication technology and Internet of Things in incident dementia. If our trial results show a delayed dementia onset for self-determination interventions, the study protocol will provide a cost-effective and safe method for maintaining healthy cognitive aging.","PeriodicalId":48606,"journal":{"name":"Jpad-Journal of Prevention of Alzheimers Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66893597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms and Cortical Amyloid-β Burden in Cognitively Unimpaired Older Adults.","authors":"C K Lewis, O M Bernstein, J D Grill, D L Gillen, D L Sultzer","doi":"10.14283/jpad.2022.13","DOIUrl":"10.14283/jpad.2022.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is evidence of relationships between behavioral symptoms and increased risk for Alzheimer's Disease and/or Alzheimer's Disease biomarkers. However, the nature of this relationship is currently unknown.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the relationship between anxiety and depressive symptoms and amyloid-β deposition in cognitively unimpaired older adults, and to assess mediating effects of either objective or subjective cognitive skills.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional analysis of screening data from participants enrolled in the Anti-Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer Disease (A4) Study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02008357).</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Data analysis.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>4492 cognitively unimpaired adults, age 65-85, enrolled in the Anti-Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer Disease (A4) Study.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>We used linear regression to estimate the associations between amyloid-β standard uptake value ratio (SUVR) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) scores while adjusting for potential confounding factors as well as for Cognitive Function Index (CFI) or Preclinical Alzheimer's Cognitive Composite (PACC) scores as possible mediational variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>4399 subjects with complete covariates were included (mean age: 71.3, 59% female), GDS ranged 0-13 (mean: 1.0), and STAI ranged 6-24 (mean: 9.9). Amyloid-β SUVR was modestly associated with STAI; mean STAI score was estimated to be 0.275 points higher (95% CI: 0.038, 0.526; p-value = 0.023) for each 0.5-point increase in cortical amyloid-β SUVR. Subjective cognitive decline (CFI) attenuated the relationship between SUVR and STAI, while objective cognitive function (PACC) did not. No statistically significant relationship between SUVR and GDS was observed (p = 0.326).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In cognitively unimpaired adults with low levels of depression and anxiety, cortical amyloid-β deposition is associated with anxiety but not depressive symptoms. Attenuation of this relationship by subjective cognitive difficulties suggests that anxiety may be partly due to such a perception resulting from cortical amyloid-β deposition.</p>","PeriodicalId":48606,"journal":{"name":"Jpad-Journal of Prevention of Alzheimers Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44060422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unsupervised Performance of the CogState Brief Battery in the Brain Health Registry: Implications for Detecting Cognitive Decline","authors":"T. Banh, C. Jin, J. Neuhaus, R. S. Mackin, P. Maruff, N. Stricker, M. Weiner, R. Nosheny","doi":"10.14283/jpad.2021.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jpad.2021.68","url":null,"abstract":"The feasibility and validity of unsupervised, longitudinal brief computerized cognitive batteries is unknown. Participants aged 56–90 (N = 19476) from the Brain Health Registry (BHR) completed the CogState Brief Battery (CBB) at 6-month intervals over a period of 5 years. We used linear mixed-effects models to assess whether cross-sectional and longitudinal performance on CBB within BHR was associated with demographic and cognitive characteristics. We also defined a group of CBB decliners based on subject-specific slopes and estimated associations between decliner status and participant characteristics. We found weak associations between longitudinal change in CBB and participant characteristics. Cross-sectional CBB scores were significantly associated with participant characteristics such as age, gender, ethnicity, self-reported disease status, and memory concern. CBB decliners were more likely to self-report mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and memory concerns. Cross-sectional, remote CBB shows evidence of construct validity, but our results suggest that longitudinal assessment may not provide additional value for identifying those at risk for and with cognitive impairment.","PeriodicalId":48606,"journal":{"name":"Jpad-Journal of Prevention of Alzheimers Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44925247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Scottish Brain Health Service Model: Rationale and Scientific Basis for a National Care Pathway of Brain Health Services in Scotland","authors":"C. Ritchie, J. Waymont, C. Pennington, K. Draper, A. Borthwick, N. Fullerton, M. Chantler, M. E. Porteous, S. Danso, A. Green, L. Mcwhirter, G. Muniz Terrera, S. Simpson, G. Thompson, D. Trépel, T. Quinn, A. Kilgour","doi":"10.14283/jpad.2021.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jpad.2021.63","url":null,"abstract":"In order to address the oft-cited societal, economic, and health and social care impacts of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, we must move decisively from reactive to proactive clinical practice and to embed evidence-based brain health education throughout society. Most disease processes can be at least partially prevented, slowed, or reversed. We have long neglected to intervene in neurodegenerative disease processes, largely due to a misconception that their predominant symptom — cognitive decline — is a normal, age-related process, but also due to a lack of multi-disciplinary collaboration. We now understand that there are modifiable risk factors for neurodegenerative diseases, that successful management of common comorbidities (such as diabetes and hypertension) can reduce the incidence of neurodegenerative disease, and that disease processes begin (and, crucially, can be detected, reduced, and delayed, prevented, or treated) decades earlier in life than had previously been appreciated. Brain Health Scotland, established by Scottish Government and working in partnership with Alzheimer Scotland, propose far-reaching public health and clinical practice approaches to reduce neurodegenerative disease incidence. Focusing here on Brain Health Scotland’s clinical offerings, we present the Scottish Model for Brain Health Services. To our knowledge, the Scottish Model for Brain Health, built on foundations of personalised risk profiling, targeted risk reduction and prevention, early disease detection, equity of access, and harnessing comprehensive data to assist in clinical decision-making, marks the first example of a nationwide approach to overhauling clinical, societal, and political approaches to the prevention, assessment, and treatment of neurodegenerative disease.","PeriodicalId":48606,"journal":{"name":"Jpad-Journal of Prevention of Alzheimers Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42079355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Polymorphism Cluster at the 2q12 locus May Predict Response to Piromelatine in Patients with Mild Alzheimer’s Disease","authors":"L. Schneider, M. Laudon, T. Nir, J. Caceres, G. Ianniciello, M. Capulli, N. Zisapel","doi":"10.14283/jpad.2021.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jpad.2021.61","url":null,"abstract":"Piromelatine is a novel melatonin MT1/2/3 and serotonin 5-HT-1A/1D receptors agonist developed for mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In a randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study (ReCognition) of piromelatine (5, 20, and 50 mg daily for 6 months) in participants with mild dementia due to AD (n=371, age 60–85 years), no statistically significant differences were found between the piromelatine and placebo-treated groups on the primary (i.e., computerized neuropsychological test battery (cNTB)) and secondary outcomes (ADCS-CGIC, ADCS-MCI-ADL, ADAS-cog14, NPI, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)) nor were there safety concerns (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02615002). This study was aimed at identifying genetic markers predicting piromelatine treatment response using a genome-wide association approach (GWAS). Variant genotyping of a combined whole genome and whole exome sequencing was performed using DNA extracted from lymphocytes from consenting participants. The general case-control allelic test was performed on piromelatine-treated participants, taking “responders” (i.e., >0.125 change from baseline in the cNTB) as cases and “non responders” as controls, using a Cochran-Armitage trend test. 58 outpatient clinics in the US. 371 participants were randomized in the trial; 107 provided informed consent for genotyping. The GWAS sample did not differ from the full study cohort in demographics, baseline characteristics, or response to piromelatine. Six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in chromosome 2q12 (2:107,510,000-107,540,000) were associated with response (p-value < 1×10 −4 each). Post hoc analyses suggested that the carriers of the 2q12 polymorphism cluster (27% of the GWAS sample) improved significantly on the cNTB on piromelatine as compared to placebo but significantly worsened on the ADAS-Cog14 and PSQI. By contrast, “non-carriers” improved significantly with piromelatine compared to placebo on the ADAS-Cog14 (2.91 (N=23) with piromelatine 20 mg vs 1.65 (N=19) with placebo (p=0.03)) and PSQI. The 2q12 (2:107,510,000-107,540,000) 5–6 SNPs cluster may predict efficacy of piromelatine for mild AD. These findings warrant further investigation in a larger, prospective early-stage AD clinical trial for patients who are non-carriers of the 2q12 polymorphism cluster.","PeriodicalId":48606,"journal":{"name":"Jpad-Journal of Prevention of Alzheimers Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47815172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disease Burden and Attributable Risk Factors of Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia in China from 1990 to 2019","authors":"Rui Li, J. Qi, Yin Yang, Yinglin Wu, Yanpeng Yin, Maigeng Zhou, Z. Qian, M. LeBaige, S. McMillin, Hualiang Lin, Haoyan Guo","doi":"10.14283/jpad.2021.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jpad.2021.69","url":null,"abstract":"Background Updated information on the burden of Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia are of great importance for evidence-based health care planning. However, such an estimate has been lacking in Chinese populations at both national and provincial levels. Objective To estimate the temporal trends and the attributable burdens of selected risk factors of Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia in China. Design, Setting, and Participants This is an observational description of the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019 (GBD 2019). Data on incidence, mortality, prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and years of life lost (YLLs) of Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia were derived from the GBD 2019 study at both national and provincial levels in China. Measurements Six indicators were used: incidence, mortality, prevalence, DALYs, YLLs, and YLDs. Absolute numbers in detail by age, sex, region, and age-standardized rates (with 95% uncertainty intervals) were calculated. Results There were notable increasing trends in the number of deaths (247.9%), incidence (264.8%), prevalence (296.5%), DALYs (228.1%), YLDs (308.7%) and YLLs (201.7%) from 1990 to 2019, respectively. The corresponding age-standardized rates increased by 6.2%, 19.3%, 33.6%, 10.7%, 33.4% and 3.1%. Smoking, high body mass index, high fasting plasma glucose levels, and metabolic risks were the four leading risk factors. Higher burden was observed among females versus males and in the more developed regions. Conclusions The disease burden in China were increasing substantially. Regional differences of the disease burden are accompanied by discrepancies of economic level and geographical location, as well as different levels of exposure to risk factors. Targeted prevention and control strategies are urgently needed to reduce the disease burden.","PeriodicalId":48606,"journal":{"name":"Jpad-Journal of Prevention of Alzheimers Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45093865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}