Jpad-Journal of Prevention of Alzheimers Disease最新文献

{"title":"The Harvard Automated Phone Task: new performance-based activities of daily living tests for early Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"G. Marshall, M. Dekhtyar, Jonathan Bruno, K. Jethwani, R. Amariglio, Keith A. Johnson, R. Sperling, D. Rentz","doi":"10.14283/JPAD.2015.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/JPAD.2015.72","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Impairment in activities of daily living is a major burden for Alzheimer's disease dementia patients and caregivers. Multiple subjective scales and a few performance-based instruments have been validated and proven to be reliable in measuring instrumental activities of daily living in Alzheimer's disease dementia but less so in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and preclinical Alzheimer's disease.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000To validate the Harvard Automated Phone Task, a new performance-based activities of daily living test for early Alzheimer's disease, which assesses high level tasks that challenge seniors in daily life.\u0000\u0000\u0000DESIGN\u0000In a cross-sectional study, the Harvard Automated Phone Task was associated with demographics and cognitive measures through univariate and multivariate analyses; ability to discriminate across diagnostic groups was assessed; test-retest reliability with the same and alternate versions was assessed in a subset of participants; and the relationship with regional cortical thickness was assessed in a subset of participants.\u0000\u0000\u0000SETTING\u0000Academic clinical research center.\u0000\u0000\u0000PARTICIPANTS\u0000One hundred and eighty two participants were recruited from the community (127 clinically normal elderly and 45 young normal participants) and memory disorders clinics at Brigham and Women's Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital (10 participants with mild cognitive impairment).\u0000\u0000\u0000MEASUREMENTS\u0000As part of the Harvard Automated Phone Task, participants navigated an interactive voice response system to refill a prescription (APT-Script), select a new primary care physician (APT-PCP), and make a bank account transfer and payment (APT-Bank). The 3 tasks were scored based on time, errors, and repetitions from which composite z-scores were derived, as well as a separate report of correct completion of the task.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000We found that the Harvard Automated Phone Task discriminated well between diagnostic groups (APT-Script: p=0.002; APT-PCP: p<0.001; APT-Bank: p=0.02), had an incremental level of difficulty, and had excellent test-retest reliability (Cronbach's α values of 0.81 to 0.87). Within the clinically normal elderly, there were significant associations in multivariate models between performance on the Harvard Automated Phone Task and executive function (APT-PCP: p<0.001), processing speed (APT-Script: p=0.005), and regional cortical atrophy (APT-PCP: p=0.001; no significant association with APT-Script) independent of hearing acuity, motor speed, age, race, education, and premorbid intelligence.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Our initial experience with the Harvard Automated Phone Task, which consists of ecologically valid, easily-administered measures of daily activities, suggests that these tasks could be useful for screening and tracking the earliest functional alterations in preclinical and early prodromal AD.","PeriodicalId":48606,"journal":{"name":"Jpad-Journal of Prevention of Alzheimers Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66892487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Combined Measure of Cognition and Function for Clinical Trials: The Integrated Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale (iADRS).","authors":"A. Wessels, E. Siemers, P. Yu, S. Andersen, K. Holdridge, J. Sims, K. Sundell, Y. Stern, D. Rentz, B. Dubois, Roy W Jones, J. Cummings, P. Aisen","doi":"10.14283/JPAD.2015.82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/JPAD.2015.82","url":null,"abstract":"It is generally recognized that more sensitive instruments for the earliest stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are needed. The integrated Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale (iADRS) combines scores from 2 widely accepted measures, the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog) and the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study - instrumental Activities of Daily Living (ADCS-iADL). Disease progression and treatment differences as measured by the iADRS were analyzed using data from solanezumab EXPEDITION, EXPEDITION2, and EXPEDITION-EXT Studies; semagacestat IDENTITY Study; and donepezil ADCS - mild cognitive impairment (ADCS-MCI) Study. Psychometric properties of the iADRS were established through principal component analysis (PCA) and estimation of contributions of subscores and individual item scores to the iADRS total score. The iADRS performed better than most composites and scales in detecting disease progression and comparably or better than individual scales in detecting treatment differences. PCA demonstrated the iADRS can be divided into two principal components primarily representing cognitive items and instrumental ADLs. Dynamic ranges of the subscales were similar across all studies, reflecting approximately equal contributions from both subscales to the iADRS total score. In item analyses, every item contributed to the total score, with varying strength of contributions by item and across data sets. The iADRS demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties and was effective in capturing disease progression from MCI through moderate AD and treatment effects across the early disease spectrum. These findings suggest the iADRS can be used in studies of mixed populations, ensuring sensitivity to treatment effects as subjects progress during studies of putative disease-modifying agents.","PeriodicalId":48606,"journal":{"name":"Jpad-Journal of Prevention of Alzheimers Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.14283/JPAD.2015.82","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66892575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Dementia: Overview and Measurement Challenges.","authors":"C. Lyketsos","doi":"10.14283/JPAD.2015.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/JPAD.2015.60","url":null,"abstract":"Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are now known to occur almost universally over the course of dementia, Alzheimer’s in particular (1, 2). They also occur with higher-than-expected frequency in the dementia prodrome of mild cognitive impairment (3). Further, NPS in the form of “mild behavioral impairment,” in the absence of cognitive impairment, may constitute a dementia prodrome (4). NPS are associated with a number of adverse outcomes including accelerated transition from prodrome to dementia (4), and faster progression from early dementia to severe dementia or death [Peters et al, Am J Psychiatry, in press], as well as serious adverse effects for patients and caregivers such as greater disability, worse quality of life, earlier institutionalization, increased burden, and higher health care costs (2). Given their central importance, NPS are increasingly a focus of study with an eye to the development of effective treatments. \u0000 \u0000The heterogeneity of NPS complicates treatment development; they are heterogeneous in both phenomenology and cause. A wide range of symptoms has been reported although they tend to aggregate into predictable groups, especially in milder disease (5). The most reproducible groupings have been: depression, apathy, psychosis, agitation, and sleep disturbances [6]. Recent treatment development has targeted presumptive or proposed syndromes in these areas (7, 8). From the point of view of cause, NPS likely result from several interacting factors. The brain neurodegenerative process, through disruption of brain circuits involved in affect, behavior, motivation, or perception, is central to their emergence either through direct damage to circuits, or through creating vulnerabilities acted on by the environment. Additionally, NPS may result because of difficulties individuals face adapting to the surroundings as they lose cognitive abilities. Further, NPS may arise because of unmet needs, acute comorbid illnesses causing confusional states akin to delirium, or environments and caregiving that are mismatched with the patient’s current capabilities and skills [Kales et al, BMJ, under review). \u0000 \u0000Treatment development for NPS has to grapple with a number of issues concurrently. Efforts have included the development of nonpharmacologic approaches (9), as well as pharmacologic approaches. The latter initially involved importation of psychopharmaca developed for the treatment of psychiatric disorders into this setting with mixed results (2, 6). Of particular concern has been unexpected serious risks associated with these medications, antipsychotics in particular (6). \u0000 \u0000Central to treatment development for NPS is clinical measurement. As there are no specific “direct” measures of NPS, as with measures of cognitive functioning, measurement relies on reporting of observable behaviors and mental states by patients and others. Measurement is affected by a number of variables. These include aspects of the cognitive disorder that limit patient","PeriodicalId":48606,"journal":{"name":"Jpad-Journal of Prevention of Alzheimers Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.14283/JPAD.2015.60","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66892905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Age-Related Differences in Functional Capacity Using the Virtual Reality Functional Capacity Assessment Tool (VRFCAT).","authors":"A. Atkins, I. Stroescu, N. Spagnola, V. Davis, T. Patterson, M. Narasimhan, Philip D. Harvey, R. Keefe","doi":"10.14283/JPAD.2015.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/JPAD.2015.61","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical trials for primary prevention and early intervention in preclinical AD require measures of functional capacity with improved sensitivity to deficits in healthier, non-demented individuals. To this end, the Virtual Reality Functional Capacity Assessment Tool (VRFCAT) was developed as a direct performance-based assessment of functional capacity that is sensitive to changes in function across multiple populations. Using a realistic virtual reality environment, the VRFCAT assesses a subject's ability to complete instrumental activities associated with a shopping trip. The present investigation represents an initial evaluation of the VRFCAT as a potential co-primary measure of functional capacity in healthy aging and preclinical MCI/AD by examining test-retest reliability and associations with cognitive performance in healthy young and older adults. The VRFCAT was compared and contrasted with the UPSA-2-VIM, a traditional performance-based assessment utilizing physical props. Results demonstrated strong age-related differences in performance on each VRFCAT outcome measure, including total completion time, total errors, and total forced progressions. VRFCAT performance showed strong correlations with cognitive performance across both age groups. VRFCAT Total Time demonstrated good test-retest reliability (ICC=.80 in young adults; ICC=.64 in older adults) and insignificant practice effects, indicating the measure is suitable for repeated testing in healthy populations. Taken together, these results provide preliminary support for the VRFCAT as a potential measure of functionally relevant change in primary prevention and preclinical AD/MCI trials.","PeriodicalId":48606,"journal":{"name":"Jpad-Journal of Prevention of Alzheimers Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.14283/JPAD.2015.61","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66892912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodological Aspects of the Phase II Study AFF006 Evaluating Amyloid-beta -Targeting Vaccine AFFITOPE® AD02 in Early Alzheimer's Disease - Prospective Use of Novel Composite Scales.","authors":"S. Hendrix, N. Ellison, S. Stanworth, L. Tierney, F. Mattner, W. Schmidt, B. Dubois, A. Schneeberger","doi":"10.14283/JPAD.2015.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/JPAD.2015.67","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Optimized scales and composite outcomes have been proposed as a way to more accurately measure Alzheimer's disease related decline. AFFITOPE® AD02, is an amyloid-beta (Aβ)-targeting vaccine to elicit anti-Aβ antibodies. IMM-AD04, commonly known as Alum, originally designated as a control agent, appeared to have disease-modifying activity in a multicenter, parallel group phase II study in early AD patients.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVES\u0000To develop adapted outcomes for cognition, function and a composite scale with improved sensitivity to decline and treatment effects in early AD (mild plus prodromal AD) based on historical data and to assess these adapted outcomes in this phase II study.\u0000\u0000\u0000DESIGN\u0000Data from public datasets was analyzed using a partial least squares model in order to identify an optimally weighted cognitive outcome, Adapted ADAS-cog, and an optimally weighted ADL outcome, Adapted ADCS-ADL which were prospectively defined as co-primary endpoints for the study and were also combined into a composite scale. Data from 162 patients in the placebo groups of ADCS studies and 156 mild patients in the ADNI I study were pooled for this analysis. The Adapted ADAS-cog scale considered 13 ADAS-cog items as well as several Neuropsychological test items and CogState items, the Adapted ADCS-ADL considered all ADCS-ADL items. After the pre-specified analyses were complete, additional adapted and composite scales were investigated in a post-hoc manner. Evaluation of the adapted and composite scales was performed on Phase II trial data for AFFITOPE® AD02 (AFF006, Clinical Trial Identifier: NCT01117818) and historic data in early AD. Least square means, standard deviations, and least squares mean to standard deviation ratios were compared among adapted and composite scales and traditional scales for the 5 treatment groups in the phase II study and overall for the historic data. Treatment effect sizes and p-values were also compared for the phase II study.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Cognitive items that were selected for the adapted cognitive scale (aADAS-cog) and had the highest weights were Word Recall, Word Recognition, and Orientation. Delayed Word Recall and Digit Cancellation were among the items excluded due to lack of improved sensitivity to decline. Highly weighted ADL items included in the adapted functional scale (aADCS-ADL) were using the telephone, traveling, preparing a meal/snack, selecting clothing, shopping and using appliances. Excluded items were primarily basic ADLs such as eating, walking, toileting and bathing. Comparisons between traditional scales and primary outcome adapted scales show improved sensitivity to group differences with the adapted scales in the phase II trial. Most of the improvement in the sensitivity of the aADAS-cog and the aADCS-ADL is due to a larger treatment difference observed rather than the improved sensitivity to decline in the comparison groups.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000To our knowledge, this is the first study to prospectively use optimi","PeriodicalId":48606,"journal":{"name":"Jpad-Journal of Prevention of Alzheimers Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.14283/JPAD.2015.67","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66892928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating Functional Impairment in Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"D. Marson","doi":"10.14283/JPAD.2015.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/JPAD.2015.44","url":null,"abstract":"Very little is known about functional change in persons in the preclinical stage of AD. As currently conceptualized, functional impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the final and somewhat remote downstream outcome of a cascade of preceding pathophysiological and clinical events characterizing AD: amyloid deposition, neurodegenerative cellular, metabolic and network pathway changes, tissue loss and atrophy, and significant cognitive decline. Given this prevailing conceptual framework, possible functional change in preclinical AD, and related clinical trial methodology, have received relatively little attention. For example, the 2013 draft guidance of the FDA for treatment of early stage Alzheimer’s disease anticipates that persons in the preclinical phase will only show subtle cognitive deficits “in the absence of any detectable functional impairment” (1), and that in these circumstances the field may be allowed to pursue valid and reliable cognitive assessments as a single primary efficacy measure (1). \u0000 \u0000This prevailing framework notwithstanding, a new perspective has recently begun to emerge concerning functional change and outcome measures in preclinical AD. The intriguing possibility that detectable functional change actually commences much earlier in the AD disease process, possibly as early as the preclinical stage, has recently been suggested (2, 3). In support of this proposition is the now well-established finding that functional impairment is clearly present in prodromal AD. Prior research by several groups (3–7) has shown that complex functional skills (Independent Activities of Daily Life, or IADLs) show impairment in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and continue to decline over time (5). In particular, financial capacity is a higher order functional skill that is highly sensitive and vulnerable to MCI and mild AD (4, 5, 8), which raises the possibility that measurable financial decline may also occur in persons with preclinical AD. \u0000 \u0000It should be noted that current diagnostic criteria for preclinical AD explicitly contemplate and posit incipient subtle cognitive changes emerging in the third or “late” stage of the preclinical phase (9). Consistent with this theoretical view, recent studies have shown episodic memory impairments in older individuals with abnormal levels of brain amyloid (10, 11). The presence of detectable albeit subtle cognitive impairments in individuals with preclinical AD raises the possibility that associated subtle changes in complex functional activities may also be present and detectable. \u0000 \u0000A critical factor here is the sensitivity of the functional measure employed. Detection of functional impairment in cognitively normal individuals with preclinical AD will require instruments sensitive to subclinical cognitive and functional changes. Informant report measures commonly used to characterize functional decline in late MCI and AD type dementia likely lack sensitivity to detect these very sub","PeriodicalId":48606,"journal":{"name":"Jpad-Journal of Prevention of Alzheimers Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66892874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher Cognitive Performance Is Prospectively Associated with Healthy Dietary Choices: The Maine Syracuse Longitudinal Study.","authors":"G. Crichton, M. Elias, A. Davey, A. Alkerwi, G. A. Dore","doi":"10.14283/JPAD.2015.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/JPAD.2015.39","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES\u0000Few studies have examined whether cognitive function predicts dietary intake. The majority of research has focused on how diet can influence cognitive performance or risk for cognitive impairment in later life. The aim of this study was to examine prospective relationships between cognitive performance and dietary intake in participants of the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study.\u0000\u0000\u0000DESIGN\u0000A prospective study with neuropsychological testing at baseline and nutritional assessments measured a mean of 18 years later.\u0000\u0000\u0000SETTING\u0000Community-dwelling individuals residing in central New York state.\u0000\u0000\u0000PARTICIPANTS\u0000333 participants free of dementia and stroke.\u0000\u0000\u0000MEASUREMENTS\u0000The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) was assessed at baseline and dietary intake was measured using the Nutrition and Health Questionnaire.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Higher WAIS Scores at baseline were prospectively associated with higher intakes of vegetables, meats, nuts and legumes, and fish, but inversely associated with consumption of total grains and carbonated soft drinks. After adjustment for sample selection, socioeconomic indicators, lifestyle factors (smoking and physical activity), and cardiovascular risk factors, the relations between higher cognitive performance and greater consumption of vegetables, meat, and fish, and lower consumption of grains remained significant.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000These data suggest that cognition early in life may influence dietary choices later in life.","PeriodicalId":48606,"journal":{"name":"Jpad-Journal of Prevention of Alzheimers Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66892789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive/Clinical Endpoints for Pre-Dementia AD Trials","authors":"Aisen Ps","doi":"10.14283/JPAD.2015.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/JPAD.2015.62","url":null,"abstract":"With the aging of the world's population, the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is rising. Yet it remains the only leading cause of death for which there is no disease-modifying treatment available, despite substantial academic and industry efforts. Disappointing clinical trials over the last several years have led to a growing consensus on the need to intervene early in the disease process, before clinical symptoms begin (1). Built on the hypothetical model of disease progression proposed by Jack et al (2, 3), which has since been supported by empirical data (4), the dominant paradigm today posits that the pathophysiologic processes underlying AD begin long before symptoms (5). However drug development at this stage is complicated by the difficulty of assessing a therapeutic benefit in subjects who are, by definition, clinically normal.","PeriodicalId":48606,"journal":{"name":"Jpad-Journal of Prevention of Alzheimers Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66892921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A NOVEL EIGENVECTOR-BASED METHOD TO DETECT MILD ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE USING EVENT-RELAT","authors":"B. Brown, S. Hendrix, M. Cecchi, J. Scott, J. Silcox, K. Brighton, D. Hedges","doi":"10.14283/jpad.2015.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jpad.2015.79","url":null,"abstract":"Event-related potentials (ERPs) are a physiological measure of cognitive function that have shown diagnostic and prognostic utility in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this study, we used a novel eigenvector-based technique to better understand brain electrophysiological differences between subjects with mild AD and healthy controls (HC). Using ERPs from 75 subjects with mild AD and 95 HC, we first calculated cognitive task eigenvectors within each subject from three conditions and then calculated second-order eigenvector components to compare the AD group to the HC group. A MANOVA of the three second-level components discriminated between AD and HC multivariately (Wilks’ lambda=.4297, p<0.0001, R2 = .5703), and also on each of the three components univariately (all 3 p-values<0.0001). The eigenvector-based technique used in this study accurately discriminated between the mild AD group and HC. As such, this analysis method adds to our understanding of the differences in ERP signal between AD and HC, and could provide a sensitive biomarker for diagnosis and monitoring of AD progression.","PeriodicalId":48606,"journal":{"name":"Jpad-Journal of Prevention of Alzheimers Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66892518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FOREWORD: AD DRUG DEVELOPMENT IS NOT BROKEN: CLINICAL TRIALS IN ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE 2014 CONFERENCE, PHILADELPHIA","authors":"J. Touchon","doi":"10.14283/jpad.2014.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14283/jpad.2014.33","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48606,"journal":{"name":"Jpad-Journal of Prevention of Alzheimers Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2014-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66891982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}