Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Comparison and Analysis of Clinical Features of Papillary Thyroid Cancer Complicated With Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.","authors":"Ke Zheng, Jingxin Mao","doi":"10.1177/11795549241287085","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241287085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) combined with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is more common in clinical practice, maybe posing a serious threat to the health of patients. It is uncertain whether HT is a risk factor or protective factor for PTC. The aim of the study was to retrospectively explore the effect of HT on the biological behavior of PTC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 200 patients were included in the study. Among them, 100 patients with PTC without HT were in the control group (PTC group), and 100 cases diagnosed as PTC with HT were in the experimental group (HT + PTC group). The following data were counted and analyzed, respectively: (1) the basic clinicopathologic characteristics of patients; (2) postoperative thyroid function indicators; (3) blood biochemical indicators; (4) liver function indicators; and (5) histopathological report.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the PTC group, women were predominant in the PTC + HT group (<i>P</i> < .05). In addition, the central lymph node metastasis rate, the number of cervical lymph node metastases, and the lateral cervical lymph node metastasis rate were significantly decreased (<i>P</i> < .05). Thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) of the thyroid function index were significantly increased, while the thyroglobulin (TG) value was significantly decreased (<i>P</i> < .05). The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level of the liver function index was significantly decreased, while the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level was significantly increased (<i>P</i> < .05). In the pathological examination, a large number of mononuclear cells infiltrated in the lymphocyte follicular stroma. In an ultrasound examination, the boundary definition rate is lower.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Women may be more susceptible to PTC or PTC and HT than men. Patients under 55 years old accounted for a larger proportion in PTC + HT than PTC. Hashimoto thyroiditis may play an inhibitory role in the occurrence of PTC, and the presence of HT is a protective factor for PTC.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241287085"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11489922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pivotal Role of Cranial Irradiation-Induced Peripheral, Intrinsic, and Brain-Engrafting Macrophages in Malignant Glioma.","authors":"Seidu A Richard, Sagor Kumar Roy, Emmanuel Akomanin Asiamah","doi":"10.1177/11795549241282098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795549241282098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malignant (high-grade) gliomas are aggressive intrinsic brain tumors that diffusely infiltrate the brain parenchyma. They comprise of World Health Organization (WHO) grade III and IV gliomas. Ionizing radiation or irradiation (IR) is frequently utilized in the treatment of both primary as well as metastatic brain tumors. On the contrary, macrophages (MΦ) are the most copious infiltrating immune cells of all the different cell types colonizing glioma. MΦ at tumor milieu are referred to as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMΦ). In malignant gliomas milieu, TAMΦ are also polarized into two distinct phenotypes such as M1 TAMΦ or M2 TAMΦ, which are capable of inhibiting or promoting tumor growth, respectively. Cranial-IR such as x- and γ-IR are sufficient to induce the migration of peripherally derived MΦ into the brain parenchyma. The IR facilitate a more immunosuppressive milieu via the stimulation of efferocytosis in TAMΦ, and an upsurge of tumor cell engulfment by TAMΦ exhibited detrimental effect of the anti-tumoral immune response in glioma. The MΦ inside the tumor mass are associated with multiple phenomena that include IR resistance and enrichment of the M2 MΦ after IR is able to facilitate glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) recurrence. Reviews on the role of cranial IR-induced peripheral and brain-engrafting macrophages (BeMΦ) in glioma are lacking. Specifically, most studies on peripheral, intrinsic as well as beMΦ on IR focus on WHO grade III and IV. Thus, this review precisely focuses primary on WHO grade III as well as IV gliomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241282098"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11483687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the Mechanism of Action of Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 5 and Its Inhibitors in Tumors.","authors":"Jie Wang, Shizhen Fang, Yang Jiang, Qingquan Hua","doi":"10.1177/11795549241281932","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241281932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ubiquitin-specific protease 5 (USP5), a member of the ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) family, functions by specifically removing ubiquitin chains from target proteins for stabilization and degrading unbound polyubiquitin chains to maintain a steady-state monoubiquitin pool. Ubiquitin-specific protease 5 regulates various cellular activities, including DNA double-strand break repair, transmission of neuropathic and inflammatory pain signals, immune response, and tumor cell proliferation. Furthermore, USP5 is involved in the development of multiple tumors such as liver, lung, pancreatic, and breast cancers as well as melanoma. Downstream regulatory mechanisms associated with USP5 are complex and diverse. Ubiquitin-specific protease 5 has been revealed as an emerging target for tumor treatment. This study has introduced some molecules upstream to control the expression of USP5 at the levels of transcription, translation, and post-translation. Furthermore, the study incorporated inhibitors known to be associated with USP5, including partially selective deubiquitinase (DUB) inhibitors such as WP1130, EOAI3402143, vialinin A, and chalcone derivatives. It also included the ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1 inhibitor, PYR-41. These small molecule inhibitors impact the occurrence and development of various tumors. Therefore, this article comprehensively reviews the pivotal role of USP5 in different signaling pathways during tumor progression and resumes the progress made in developing USP5 inhibitors, providing a theoretical foundation for their clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241281932"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11465303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142401661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment Continuity and Bone Marrow Suppression in Whole-Brain and Whole-Spinal Cord Radiotherapy for Medulloblastoma Patients.","authors":"Zongtai Li, Zhiyue Lin, Hui Liu, Runnan Xiao, Chuyan Lin, Wenlong Zhu, Jiaxiu Luo, Senku Xu, Feng Chi, Huilang He","doi":"10.1177/11795549241286431","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241286431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigated the factors influencing treatment continuity and bone marrow suppression in whole-brain and whole-spinal cord radiotherapy for medulloblastoma, providing a clinical reference for mitigating the impact of hematological suppression on radiotherapy continuity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with medulloblastoma who underwent craniospinal irradiation (CSI) radiotherapy at our hospital between August 2019 and December 2023. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 87 patients were enrolled. The bone marrow suppression status, clinical data, and radiotherapy dose data of the enrolled patients were recorded, and correlation analyses were performed. Based on the correlation results, further group comparisons were subsequently conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 22.99% (20 out of 87) of the patients experienced treatment interruption (median duration, 6.5 [5, 8] days), typically during the 12th (7.5, 14.75) radiotherapy session. Treatment continuity was weakly correlated with age and treatment modality, and the timing of interruptions was weakly correlated with dosage and treatment modality. Bone marrow suppression severity was weakly correlated with age, body mass index (BMI), and treatment modality. Treatment modality and age were found to be independent predictors of treatment continuity and the degree of bone marrow suppression, respectively. Subgroup comparisons revealed differences in the severity of bone marrow suppression, grade of hematological toxicity, and timing of interruption depending on the treatment modality, dosage, and sex (<i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Timely monitoring of hematological changes, especially in the middle and posterior segments after radiotherapy, is crucial. Treatment with helical tomotherapy, male sex, younger age, and lower BMI during radiotherapy are indicators of greater clinical attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241286431"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11456176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142382057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Active Trend of Immunotherapy Combination Regimen as Second-Line Therapy Towards Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer.","authors":"Haimin Weng, Pengfei Zeng, Yuemiao Chen, Qi Xu, Jieer Ying","doi":"10.1177/11795549241272469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795549241272469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As a second-line therapy, oxaliplatin/fluorouracil/leucovorin (FOLFOX) remains the standard of care for patients with biliary tract cancer (BTC); however, its efficacy is suboptimal. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether, compared with chemotherapy alone, the immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combination regimen improved the overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced BTC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients diagnosed with advanced BTC who received chemotherapy or ICI combination therapy as second-line (L2) treatment between January 1, 2018, and April 1, 2022, were retrospectively identified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 98 patients with BTCs were reviewed and recruited: the chemotherapy group (cohort A, n = 40), the chemotherapy plus ICIs group (cohort B, n = 27), and the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKIs) plus ICIs group (cohort C, n = 31). The median progression-free survival (PFS) and median OS were 2.6 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.7-4.2) and 7.8 months (95% CI: 5.9-12.0) for cohort A, 4.3 months (95% CI: 2.9-8.4) and 10.9 months (95% CI: 7.67-NA) for cohort B, 5.1 months (95% CI: 4.0-8.3) and 10.1 months (95% CI: 8.23-NA) for cohort C, respectively. The confirmed overall response rates were 7.5% (3/40, cohort A), 22.2% (6/27, cohort B), and 19.4% (6/31, cohort C), whereas the disease control rates were 47.5% (19/40, cohort A), 77.8% (21/27, cohort B), and 77.4% (24/31, cohort C). Grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse reaction were reported in 20.0% (cohort A), 37.0% (cohort B), and 41.9% (cohort C) of the patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The ICI combination strategy beyond first-line (L1) systemic chemotherapy plays a positive role in advanced BTCs. Both TKIs plus ICIs and chemotherapy plus ICIs could be considered candidates for trials and applied as competitive L2 treatment regimens for advanced BTCs in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241272469"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11483792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Albumin as a Prognostic Biomarker for Febrile Neutropenia Outcome and Complications: A Prospective Observational Trial.","authors":"Jelena Dimitrijević, Marina Čalamać, Ognjen Đurmez, Danijela Krstić, Marko Stojanović","doi":"10.1177/11795549241281330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795549241281330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Febrile neutropenia (FN) poses a significant challenge in cancer treatment, with a high incidence among patients undergoing standard therapies. Predicting FN complications and outcomes remains crucial for improving patient management strategies. Biomarkers, including procalcitonin and albumin, have garnered attention for their potential prognostic value in FN.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective observational study at a tertiary hospital, enrolling 185 adult cancer patients experiencing FN episodes. We assessed serum albumin levels and incorporated them into the Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) risk index to enhance risk stratification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum albumin levels displayed promising prognostic utility in febrile neutropenia (FN). They exhibited moderate specificity and sensitivity in predicting mortality during FN and 28-day mortality. Serum albumin levels were significantly associated with gastrointestinal infections, serving as an independent predictor. Integrating serum albumin into the MASCC risk index improved predictive accuracy for FN mortality by 50%, 28-day mortality by 66.67%, and respiratory tract infections by 62.50%, enhancing in this way risk stratification for FN-related complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum albumin emerges as a promising biomarker for prognostication in FN, complementing existing risk assessment frameworks. Its incorporation into the MASCC risk index enhances predictive capabilities, aiding clinicians in identifying high-risk patients promptly. While albumin shows potential in predicting mortality and complications, further research is warranted to optimize sensitivity and specificity, ensuring its clinical utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241281330"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11423384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142356343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SNAI2 as a Prognostic Biomarker Based on Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Patients With Lung Adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Tian-Tian Li, Qing-Gang Hao, Zhao-Wei Teng, Yuan Liu, Jia-Fan Wu, Jun Zhang, Li-Rong Yang","doi":"10.1177/11795549241280506","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241280506","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a common type of malignant tumor with therapeutic challenges. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) promote LUAD growth and metastasis, regulate the tumor immune response, and influence tumor treatment responses and drug resistance. However, the molecular mechanisms through which CAFs control LUAD progression are largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to determine the correlations between CAF-related genes and overall survival (OS) in patients with LUAD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We acquired the gene expression data and clinical information of 522 patients with LUAD patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and 442 patients with LUAD from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. CAF infiltration levels were assessed using the Microenvironment Cell Population (MCP) counter, the Estimating the Proportions of Immune and Cancer cells (EPIC) algorithm, and Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) scores. A CAF-related gene network was constructed using the Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Based on the CAF-related genes, univariate Cox regression and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Cox regression analyses were performed to identify prognostic genes. Gene expression levels within the prognostic model were validated using the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) databases and Western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results demonstrated that high CAF scores were associated with lower survival rates in patients with LUAD. Gene modules that were highly correlated with high CAF scores were closely associated with tissue characteristics and extracellular matrix structures in LUAD. In addition, correlations between CAF scores and responses to immunotherapy and chemotherapy were observed. Finally, we found that SNAI2 expression was higher in lung cancer tissues than in normal tissues.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Deepening our understanding of the influence of CAFs on tumor progression and treatment response at the molecular level can aid the development of more effective therapeutic strategies. This study provides important insights into the functional mechanisms of action of CAFs in LUAD and highlights their clinical implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241280506"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Rapidly Evolving Treatment Landscape of Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer.","authors":"Eun-Mi Yu, Ishan Patel, Min Woo Hwang, Faran Polani, Jeanny B Aragon-Ching","doi":"10.1177/11795549241277181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795549241277181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The management of metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) or castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) has become increasingly complex with the tremendous progress that has been made in this space within the past few decades. In the early days of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), ADT monotherapy was the mainstay for treatment of advanced prostate cancer. However, novel hormone therapies in the form of androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPI) have emerged; vaccine therapy, chemotherapy with docetaxel and cabazitaxel, and radioactive ligands have shaped the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer in the last decade. Following the initial approval of several drugs for use in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in combination with primary ADT, these agents were studied and subsequently approved for use in mCSPC. Therefore, ADT monotherapy no longer constitutes an optimal therapeutic option for otherwise fit patients who present with mCSPC. We focus on the treatment of first-line de novo mHSPC or mCSPC and explore frontline doublet and triplet therapy and the pivotal trials that led to their United States Food and Drug Administration approval.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241277181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11423369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142356344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Porphyromonas gingivalis Infection-Related Inflammatory Response-Related Genes Signature Predicts the Prognosis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","authors":"Jinyu Kong, Yiwen Liu, Jian Wang, Mengfan Qian, Wei Sun, Ling Xing","doi":"10.1177/11795549241275666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795549241275666","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Our previous research showed that Porphyromonas gingivalis ( P. gingivalis) infection can activate the inflammatory signaling pathway and promotes the malignancy development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the prognostic significance of inflammatory response-related genes (IRRGs) in P. gingivalis-infected ESCC requires further elucidation. Hence, our study constructed a prognostic signature based on P. gingivalis and IRRGs to forecast the survival of patients with ESCC, which may provide insight into new treatment options for ESCC patients.Methods:Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in P.gingivalis-infected and P.gingivalis-uninfected ESCC cell by RNA sequencing. A risk model was constructed and validated using the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database by using univariate Cox regression analysis, LASSO, and the multivariate Cox regression analysis. Kaplan-Meier analysis was carried out to compare the overall survival (OS) between high-risk and low-risk groups. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis was used to analyze the immune cell infiltration. The Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer database was used to predict drug sensitivity.Results:There were 365 DEGs between the P.gingivalis-infected and P.gingivalis-uninfected groups. Four genes including DKK1, ESRRB, EREG, and RELN were identified to construct the prognostic risk model ( P = .012, C-index = 0.73). In both the training and validation sets, patients had a considerably shorter OS in the high-risk group than those in the low-risk group ( P &lt; .05). A nomogram was established using the risk score, gender, and N stage which could effectively forecast the prognosis of patients ( P = .016, C-index = 0.66). The high-risk group displayed lower immune infiltrating cells, such as activated dendritic cells, type 2 T helper cells, and neutrophils ( P &lt; .05). A total of 41 drugs, including dactinomycin, luminespib, and sepantronium bromide, had a significant difference in IC50 between the 2 subgroups.Conclusion:We demonstrated the potential of a novel signature constructed from 4 P. gingivalis-related IRRGs for prognostic prediction in ESCC patients.","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142263079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Surgery in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma in 2024.","authors":"David Kw Leung, Ivan Ch Ko, Brian Wh Siu, Chris Hm Wong, Steffi Kk Yuen, Chi Fai Ng, Jeremy Yc Teoh","doi":"10.1177/11795549241272447","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241272447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common solid tumour of the kidney and accounts for 3% of all cancers. While immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based combination therapies have emerged as the first-line treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), the role of surgery has become more controversial. This review summarizes the evidence, current role and future directions for surgery in mRCC management. The survival benefits of cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) shown in the interferon era have encountered increasing disputes in the tyrosine-kinase inhibitor (TKI) and ICI eras. Undoubtedly, several systematic reviews based on retrospective data have supported the survival benefits of CN. Nevertheless, 2 prospective trials, CARMENA and SURTIME, proved that sunitinib as the upfront therapy resulted in noninferior survival outcomes compared with immediate CN. The safety of CN does have solid ground in the current literature. Several studies suggested that preoperative systemic therapy did not seem to aggravate perioperative complications or mortality rates, in experienced centres. Meticulous patient selection is the rule of thumb in the modern management of mRCC patients. The limitations of the existing prognostication models, however, must be acknowledged. Clinicians should adopt a multidisciplinary and holistic approach and contemplate all patient, disease, surgeon and socio-economical factors, before deciding who should go for surgery. The advent of metastasis-directed therapy (MDT) and survival benefits of adjuvant pembrolizumab shown in the oligometastatic subgroup, where complete metastasectomy could be achieved (M1 NED), calls for more comparative studies against upfront ICI combinations. In summary, CN brings survival benefits to well-selected good-to-intermediate-risk mRCC patients. Individualized and multidisciplinary care is pivotal.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241272447"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11378247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142156424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}