Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology最新文献

{"title":"High Expression of ZNF208 Predicts Better Prognosis and Suppresses the Tumorigenesis of Breast Cancer.","authors":"Jing Wei, Fangzheng Jiao, Xiaoya Wang, Yifan Qiao, Zihan Yuan, Fang Liu, Yan Fang, Yanfang Pan","doi":"10.1177/11795549241301341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795549241301341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer (BRCA), the hormone related malignant tumor, is well-known for poor prognosis. ZNF208 mainly acts as a transcription factor in various tumors, and the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ZNF208 are related to telomere length. Nevertheless, its role in breast tumorigenesis is largely unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically investigated the gene expression, prognostic value, and promoter methylation of <i>ZNF208</i> in BRCA with Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and DNA Methylation Interactive Visualization Database (DNMIVD). Meanwhile, we clarified the association of ZNF208 with tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) from Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER). Furthermore, we determined the biological process and functional enrichment from Cancer single-cell state atlas (CancerSEA). Finally, we verified our results with prognostic analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We discovered that ZNF208 was downregulated in breast cancer, and low expression of ZNF208 predicted worse prognosis of BRCA patients. The promoter methylation level of <i>ZNF208</i> was obviously increased, and ZNF208 was associated with TlCs in BRCA. In addition, ZNF208 could inhibit the metastasis and invasion biological processes, and regulate the MAPK and RAS signaling pathways in BRCA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings illustrate that ZNF208 can function as a tumor suppressor and predict prognosis of breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241301341"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11607762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Cardiotoxicity Incidence in Patients Receiving HER-2-Targeted Therapies for Breast Cancer in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Alaa Shahbar, Abdullah A Alhifany, Yasser M Alatawi, Mohammed Alnuhait, Abdullah Alshammari, Majed Alshamrani, Abdulhalim Kinsara, Atif AlQubbany, Mahasen Alharbi, Abdelmajid Alnatsheh, Meteb Alfoheidi","doi":"10.1177/11795549241297881","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241297881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HER2-targeting therapies may increase the risk of decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), potentially leading to heart failure. The growing number of breast cancer survivors due to HER2-targeted treatments necessitates long-term cardiotoxicity management.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This retrospective study included HER2-positive breast cancer patients aged 18 or older who received at least 1 dose of HER2-targeting treatment between 2016 and 2020. The primary endpoint was the incidence of cardiotoxicity, defined as LVEF <50% with a 10% decline, LVEF drop by >15%, or onset of symptomatic heart failure. Secondary endpoints included the proportion of patients with baseline LVEF 50% to 55% developing cardiotoxicity, those discontinuing HER2 therapy due to heart failure, those treated with heart failure medications, and those continuing HER2 therapy while on heart failure medications. Another secondary outcome was the development of a hospital protocol for monitoring cardiotoxicity in these patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 212 patients were included, with a median age of 56.5 years (interquartile range: 43-58 years). Twenty-two patients (10.37%) experienced cardiotoxicity from HER2-targeted treatment. Thirteen patients (6.13%) had asymptomatic heart failure with LVEF decrease of more than 10% to less than 50%. Five patients (2.35%) with LVEF less than 40% had asymptomatic heart failure, while 4 patients (1.88%) had symptomatic heart failure regardless of LVEF decline. HER2-targeted treatment was temporarily discontinued in 3 (13.63%) patients and permanently in 4 (18.18%) patients due to cardiotoxicity. The remaining 15 patients resumed treatment without interruption. Only 13 out of 22 patients were referred to cardiologists and prescribed heart failure medications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Close monitoring of LVEF in patients receiving HER2-targeting therapy can help health care providers initiate anti-heart failure medications to prevent LVEF deterioration and maintain HER2-targeting therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241297881"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11603457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142752047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First-Line Camrelizumab Plus Rivoceranib in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A China-Based Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.","authors":"Guiyuan Xiang, Yueyue Huang, Ni Zhang, Xinyu Du, Yuanlin Wu, Lanlan Gan, Yanping Li, Tingting Jiang, Yao Liu","doi":"10.1177/11795549241299393","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241299393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma poses a significant public health burden in China, necessitating the economic evaluation of new therapeutic strategies for policy-makers and clinicians. The international, randomized phase 3 trial CARES-310 revealed that camrelizumab plus rivoceranib provided a substantial clinical benefit in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, but the economic outcome remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of camrelizumab plus rivoceranib versus sorafenib as first-line treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (CARES-310) from the perspective of the Chinese health care system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A partitioned survival model was developed to estimate the lifetime cost and clinical outcomes of camrelizumab plus rivoceranib versus sorafenib in first-line treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Survival data from the CARES-310 trial were used to create a hypothetical cohort of 543 patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma for modeling disease progression. The life-year, quality-adjusted life-year (QALY), incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was used to measure the model's outcome, with the willingness-to-pay threshold set at 3 times China's gross domestic product (GDP) per capita (US$36 780). Univariate, multivariable probabilistic sensitivity analyses, and subgroup analysis were performed to assess parameter uncertainty, complemented by a scenario analysis using health utilities reported in literature.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The camrelizumab group yielded an additional 0.239 QALYs at an added cost of US$8340 compared with sorafenib, resulting in an ICER of US$34 897/QALY. Univariate sensitivity analysis indicated that the model results were most sensitive to the utility of progression-free survival in the camrelizumab group, sorafenib cost, and camrelizumab cost. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis revealed a 56% probability of cost-effectiveness of camrelizumab plus rivoceranib among all patients. The results of the subgroup analysis demonstrated camrelizumab plus rivoceranib was the most cost-effective in the subgroup with albumin-bilirubin grade 2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>At a willingness-to-pay threshold of US$36 780/QALY, camrelizumab plus rivoceranib is likely to be a cost-effective option compared with sorafenib as first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241299393"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11585044/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer Biomarkers and Precision Oncology: A Review of Recent Trends and Innovations.","authors":"Maha AlDoughaim, Nada AlSuhebany, Mohammed AlZahrani, Tariq AlQahtani, Sahar AlGhamdi, Hisham Badreldin, Hana Al Alshaykh","doi":"10.1177/11795549241298541","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241298541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The discovery of cancer-specific biomarkers has resulted in major advancements in the field of cancer diagnostics and therapeutics, therefore significantly lowering cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Cancer biomarkers can be generally classified as prognostic biomarkers that predict specific disease outcomes and predictive biomarkers that predict disease response to targeted therapeutic interventions. As research in the area of predictive biomarkers continues to grow, precision medicine becomes far more integrated in cancer treatment. This article presents a general overview on the most recent advancements in the area of cancer biomarkers, immunotherapy, artificial intelligence, and pharmacogenomics of the Middle East.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241298541"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142670248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence can Facilitate Application of Risk Stratification Algorithms to Bladder Cancer Patient Case Scenarios.","authors":"Max S Yudovich, Ahmad N Alzubaidi, Jay D Raman","doi":"10.1177/11795549241296781","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241296781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT) has previously been shown to accurately predict colon cancer screening intervals when provided with clinical data and context in the form of guidelines. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network^® (NCCN^®) guideline on non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) includes criteria for risk stratification into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups based on patient and disease characteristics. The aim of this study is to evaluate the ability of ChatGPT to apply the NCCN Guidelines to risk stratify theoretical patient scenarios related to NMIBC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-six hypothetical patient scenarios related to NMIBC were created and submitted to GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 at two separate time points. First, both models were prompted to risk stratify patients without any additional context provided. Custom instructions were then provided as textual context using the written versions of the NMIBC NCCN^® Guidelines, followed by repeat risk stratification. Finally, GPT-4 was provided with an image of the NMIBC risk groups table, and the risk stratification was again performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GPT-3.5 correctly risk stratified 68% (24.5 of 36) of scenarios without context, slightly increasing to 74% (26.5 of 36) with textual context. Using GPT-4, the model had accuracy of 83% (30 of 36) without context, reaching 100% (36 of 36) with textual context (<i>P</i> = .025). GPT-4 with image context maintained similar accuracy to GPT-4 without context, with accuracy 81% (29 of 36). ChatGPT generally performed poorly when stratifying intermediate risk NMIBC (33%-63%). When risk stratification was incorrect, most responses were overestimations of risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>GPT-4 can accurately risk stratify patients with respect to NMIBC when provided with context containing guidelines. Overestimation of risk is more common than underestimation, and intermediate risk NMIBC is most likely to be incorrectly stratified. With further validation, GPT-4 can become a tool for risk stratification of NMIBC in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241296781"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142669530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Platelet-Rich Plasma Inhibits Breast Cancer Proliferation.","authors":"Chao Han, Caiping Chen, Ning Lu, Li Xue, Dan Xing, Wanxin Wu, Wang Li, Xiang Lu","doi":"10.1177/11795549241298978","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241298978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) helps promote wound healing, but it is unclear whether it stimulates breast cancer cell proliferation, which restricts its application in breast cancer patients. This article explored the effect of PRP on breast cancer cell proliferation through preclinical experiments.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We cultivated MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells with PRP in vitro. Subsequently, we employed Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays to assess their proliferation ability, wound healing assays to evaluate their migration ability, and Transwell assays to detect their invasion ability. Mouse breast cancer 4T1 cells were subcutaneously inoculated into nude mice. After tumor formation, PRP was injected around each tumor. Tumor size was measured. After 15 days, the tumors were surgically removed. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect key proteins involved in proliferation and apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PRP inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of MDA-MB-231 in vitro. After PRP was injected around tumors in nude mice, tumor growth slowed, Ki67 and phospho-histone H3 (pHH3) expression decreased, and Caspase 3 and Poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) expression increased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PRP inhibits the proliferation of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241298978"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11569502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index Values Before Treatment Predict Poor Pancreatic Cancer Outcomes After Definitive Chemoradiotherapy.","authors":"Erkan Topkan, Ahmet Kucuk, Duriye Ozturk, Emine Elif Ozkan, Nilüfer Kılıç Durankuş, Şükran Şenyürek, Ugur Selek, Berrin Pehlivan","doi":"10.1177/11795549241298552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11795549241298552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is an effective tool for predicting the prognosis of patients with cancer. However, its value in patients with locally advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (LA-PDAC) undergoing definitive chemoradiotherapy has yet to be addressed. Therefore, we aimed to retrospectively investigate the prognostic significance of the pretreatment SII on the survival outcomes of patients with unresectable LA-PDAC treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (C-CRT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 163 patients with LA-PDAC who had received C-CRT. Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the utility of a pre-C-CRT cutoff that could stratify survival results was investigated. The primary and secondary endpoints were the correlations between SII levels and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At a median follow-up period of 15 months (range: 3.2-94.5), the median OS and PFS rates for the entire group were 15.7 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 13.4-17.9), and 7.8 months (95% CI: 6.1-9.4), respectively. We divided the patients into 2 SII cohorts based on the ROC curve analysis (area under the curve [AUC]: 71.9%; sensitivity: 68.9%; specificity: 66.7%): SII < 538 (N = 70) and SII ⩾ 538 (N = 93). Comparative survival analysis showed significantly inferior median OS (13.0 vs 25.4 months; <i>P</i> < .001) and PFS (7.0 vs 15.2 months; <i>P</i> = .003) in patients with SII ⩾ 538 compared with those with SII < 538 before treatment. In multivariate analyses, the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance of 2, N1-2 lymph node, CA 19-9 > 90 U/mL, and SII ⩾ 538 status emerged as independent prognosticators of inferior OS and PFS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Present results indicate that patients with unresectable LA-PDAC who underwent C-CRT and had a pretreatment SII ⩾ 538 had significantly worse OS and PFS outcomes compared with those with lower SII values.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241298552"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11544671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adhesion Reduction Agent Guardix-SG^® Versus MegaShield^® for Postoperative Swallowing Function Analysis in Thyroidectomy Patients.","authors":"Hye Kyoung Lee, Jihye Hwang, Seongmoon Jo, Jin Kyong Kim, Cho Rok Lee, Sang-Wook Kang, Kee-Hyun Nam, Sung-Rae Cho","doi":"10.1177/11795549241271715","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241271715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antiadhesion products are essential for postoperative care in patients after thyroidectomy by providing a physical barrier to cover the exposed tissue and thus preventing abnormal adhesion of adjacent tissues. Since thyroidectomy may result in swallowing difficulties arising from damage or inflammation of the surrounding tissues, the use of antiadhesion agents such as MegaShield^® or Guardix-SG^® will help reduce scar formation. This may thus improve postoperative swallowing function in patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients were enrolled and followed up between October 4, 2018, and March 26, 2020. Patients during the postoperative follow-up sessions were randomly allocated to the standard care with Guardix-SG^® and clinical trial medical device application group with MegaShield^® (test group) in a 1:1 ratio by the permuted block randomization method. Patient performance on penetration aspiration scale (PAS), National Institutes of Health-Swallow Safety Scale (NIH-SSS), videofluoroscopic dysphagia scale (VDS), Dynamic Imaging Grade of Swallowing Toxicity (DIGEST) based on Videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) were collected. Nonadhesion-reducing agent patient data were used as a control group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistical significance was shown (<i>P</i> > .05) between the 2 groups of MegaShield^® and Guardix-SG^® in various phases from thick semisolid, thin semisolid to liquid for both PAS and NIH-SSS. Several statistical significances were reported in the results comparing various criteria of PAS, NIH-SSS, VDS at different oral and pharyngeal phases, and DIGEST in all 3 stages among MegaShield^®, Guardix-SG^®, and nonadhesion-reducing agent group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results prove the noninferiority of MegaShield^® compared with Guardix-SG^® as an antiadhesion agent in postthyroidectomy care.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241271715"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11539078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142590700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roles of <i>DNMT3B</i> and <i>PARP1</i> Genes Expression in Cytogenetically Normal Acute Myeloid Leukemia.","authors":"Hager A Mahmoud, Shahira Ka Botros, Abdelhamid Mohamed Fouad, Mahmoud M Kamel, Rania S Abdel Aziz","doi":"10.1177/11795549241295649","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241295649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has a heterogeneous molecular profile, clinical presentations, and response to treatments and outcomes. DNA methylation is conducted by DNA methyltransferases including DNMT3B. Poly ADP-ribose polymerase 1 belongs to a family of enzymes that mediate important cellular processes including DNA repair, transcription, and cell death/cell proliferation, and it is involved in the development, spread, treatment, and prognosis of some cancers. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of <i>PARP1</i> and <i>DNMT3B</i> genes expression on laboratory characteristics, response to treatment and survival in Egyptian cytogenetically normal AML patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 67 Egyptian CN-AML patients in addition to 8 healthy bone marrow donors. Measurement of <i>DNMT3B</i> and <i>PARP1</i> gene expression was done on bone marrow samples via real-time semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Expression of both <i>DNMT3B</i> and <i>PARP1</i> genes was significantly upregulated in AML (<i>P</i> = .001, <i>P</i> = .036, respectively). Upregulated <i>DNMT3B</i> was associated with higher total leukocyte count (TLC), PB, and BM blast cell%. Also, upregulated <i>PARP1</i> correlated with higher TLC, PB, and BM blast cell%. High expression of both <i>DNMT3B</i> and <i>PARP1</i> correlated with greater frequencies of <i>FLT3-ITD</i>. High <i>DNMT3B</i> expression, and combined upregulation of both <i>PARP1</i> and <i>DNMT3B</i> genes associated significantly with ELN stratification. But no correlation was found with response (CR), overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), or event-free survival (EFS).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings highlight the importance of considering <i>DNMT3B</i> and <i>PARP1</i> expression levels as potential prognostic biomarkers for progression and aggressiveness of CN-AML patients in AML. Assessing their expression levels could be an indicator to guide treatment decisions and potentially improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241295649"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11533204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142576527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 14-Year Analysis of Breast Cancer Risk Factors and Its Determinants of Mortality in Rural Southwestern Nigeria.","authors":"Azeez Oyemomi Ibrahim, Adetunji Omonijo, Tosin Anthony Agbesanwa, Ayodele Kamal Alabi, Olayide Toyin Elegbede, Kolawole Michael Olusuyi, Musah Yusuf, Eniola Ayoyemi Afolabi-Obe, Olagoke Erinomo, Olakunle Fatai Babalola, Henry Abiyere, Olayinka Tesleem Orewole, Shuaib Kayode Aremu","doi":"10.1177/11795549241288197","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11795549241288197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research on breast cancer risk factors and mortality is gaining recognition and attention globally; there is need to add more information on its determinants among patients admitted in hospital. Some studies on risk factors and mortality of breast cancer in Nigeria hospitals conducted in the urban and suburban areas have been documented. Therefore, an addition of a study conducted in the setting of a rural health institution is necessary. This study assessed the risk factors and determinants of mortality among patients admitted for breast cancer in rural Southwestern Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective observational study was conducted on 260 patients who were admitted for breast cancer between January 2010 and December 2023 using a data form and a standardized information form. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. The risk factors and the determinants of mortality of patients with breast cancer were identified using multivariate regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The breast cancer risk factors were old age, family history, tobacco smoking, combined oral contraceptives, and hormonal therapy use. The case fatality rate was 38.1%, and its determinants of mortality were patients who were older (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.956; 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.341-4.333), obese (AOR, 2.635; 95% CI: 1.485-6.778), stage IV (AOR, 1.895; 95% CI: 1.146-8.9742), mastectomy (AOR, 2.512; 95% CI: 1.003-6.569), discontinued adjuvant chemotherapy (AOR, 1.785; 95% CI: 1.092-4.6311), and yet to commence adjuvant chemotherapy (AOR, 2.568; 95% CI: 1.367-5.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study revealed that patients with breast cancer were associated with high mortality. Sustained health education to promote early diagnosis, managed co-morbidities, and access to treatment may contribute to reduction in breast cancer mortality in rural Nigeria.</p>","PeriodicalId":48591,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Medicine Insights-Oncology","volume":"18 ","pages":"11795549241288197"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11533210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142576515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}