Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation最新文献

{"title":"Association between baseline dissociation levels and stress-induced state dissociation in patients with posttraumatic-stress disorder, borderline personality disorder, and major depressive disorder.","authors":"Livia Graumann, Johannes Bodo Heekerens, Moritz Duesenberg, Sophie Metz, Carsten Spitzer, Christian Otte, Stefan Roepke, Katja Wingenfeld","doi":"10.1186/s40479-023-00215-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40479-023-00215-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dissociative symptoms are highly prevalent in patients with trauma-related disorders such as borderline personality disorder (BPD) and posttraumatic-stress disorder (PTSD), and also occur in patients with depressive disorders. Acute dissociative states are theorized to be stress-related, and some individuals experience recurring patterns of dissociation. The relationship between the intensity of dissociative episodes (trait-like dissociation) and acute dissociative states, however, is incompletely understood. In the present study, we investigated how levels of baseline (trait-like) dissociation relate to changes in dissociative states during a laboratory stress induction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our female sample comprised 65 patients with BPD and/or PTSD, 84 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 44 non-clinical controls (NCC). Baseline dissociation was assessed at the start of the study using the Dissociation Tension Scale past week version (DSS-7). All participants underwent the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) and a placebo version (P-TSST). Before and after the TSST or P-TSST, state dissociation was assessed using the Dissociation Tension Scale acute (DSS-4). We used structural equation models to estimate changes in state dissociation items (somatoform dissociation, derealization, depersonalization, analgesia), and to test whether these changes relate to levels of baseline dissociation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found significant increases in all state dissociation items in response to the TSST in patients with BPD and/or PTSD and patients with MDD, but not in NCCs. Increases in somatoform dissociation and derealization during the TSST were significantly related to higher levels of baseline dissociation in patients with BPD and/or PTSD, but not in patients with MDD or NCCs. Results indicate no significant changes in state dissociation during the P-TSST.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results replicate earlier findings that patients with BPD and/or PTSD report higher levels of stress-related state dissociation than NCC and extend them to patients with MDD. In addition, our findings indicate that baseline levels of dissociation relate to stress-induced changes in state dissociation among patients with BPD and PTSD, but not patients with MDD. In clinical applications, measures of baseline dissociation could be used to facilitate the prediction and treatment of stress-related dissociative states in patients with BPD and/or PTSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":48586,"journal":{"name":"Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation","volume":"10 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10064785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9602863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissociative experiences of adolescents with borderline personality disorder: description and prediction.","authors":"Mary C Zanarini,&nbsp;Eduardo Martinho,&nbsp;Christina M Temes,&nbsp;Isabel V Glass,&nbsp;Blaise A Aguirre,&nbsp;Marianne Goodman,&nbsp;Garrett M Fitzmaurice","doi":"10.1186/s40479-023-00217-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40479-023-00217-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The first purpose of this study was to assess the severity of dissociative experiences reported by adolescent inpatients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). The second purpose was to compare the severity of their dissociative symptoms to those reported by a sample of adult inpatients with BPD. The third purpose of this study was to assess a range of clinically meaningful predictors of the severity of dissociation in adolescents and adults with BPD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) was administered to a total of 89 hospitalized girls and boys aged 13-17 with BPD and 290 adult inpatients with BPD. Predictors of the severity of dissociation in adolescents and adults with BPD were assessed using the Revised Childhood Experiences Questionnaire (a semi-structured interview), the NEO, and the SCID I.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Borderline adolescents and adults had non-significant differences on their overall DES scores and subscale scores. They also had a non-significant distribution of low, moderate, and high scores. In terms of multivariate predictors, neither temperament nor childhood adversity was a significant predictor of the severity of dissociative symptoms in adolescents. However, co-occurring eating disorders were found in multivariate analyses to be the only bivariate predictor to significantly predict this outcome. In adults with BPD, however, both the severity of childhood sexual abuse and co-occurring PTSD were significantly related to the severity of dissociative symptoms in multivariate analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Taken together, the results of this study suggest that the severity of dissociation is not significantly different in adolescents and adults with BPD. However, the etiological factors differ substantially.</p>","PeriodicalId":48586,"journal":{"name":"Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation","volume":"10 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9999594/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9092110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: \"It's not you, it's me\": identity disturbance as the main contributor to interpersonal problems in pathological narcissism.","authors":"Marko Biberdzic,&nbsp;Junhao Tan,&nbsp;Nicholas J S Day","doi":"10.1186/s40479-023-00214-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40479-023-00214-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48586,"journal":{"name":"Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation","volume":"10 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9983168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9393317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body modifications in borderline personality disorder patients: prevalence rates, link with non-suicidal self-injury, and related psychopathology.","authors":"Martin Blay,&nbsp;Roland Hasler,&nbsp;Rosetta Nicastro,&nbsp;Eléonore Pham,&nbsp;Sébastien Weibel,&nbsp;Martin Debbané,&nbsp;Nader Perroud","doi":"10.1186/s40479-023-00213-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40479-023-00213-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a potentially severe personality disorder, characterized by difficulties in emotion regulation and control of behaviors. It is often associated with non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). Borderline personality features have also been linked to body modifications (BMs). However, the prevalence of BMs, the link between BMs and NSSI, and between BMs and several psychopathology dimensions (e.g. borderline severity, emotion regulation, impulsivity …) remains understudied in patients with BPD. This study aims to fill this gap, and to provide further evidence on the link between NSSI and BMs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from a psychiatric outpatient center located in Switzerland (n = 116), specialized in the assessment and treatment of BPD patients. Patients underwent several semi-structured interviews and self-report psychometric scales at the arrival, and the data were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that 70.69% of the patients had one piercing or more, and 69.83% were tattooed. The total score of body modifications and the total number of piercings score of piercings were significantly positively associated with NSSI and the SCID BPD total score. The association with the SCID score was mainly driven by the \"suicide and self-damaging behaviors\" item and the \"chronic feeling of emptiness\" item. A significant association was found between total number of piercings and emotion dysregulation. On the other hand, the self-reported percentage of body covered by tattoos score was specifically associated with the sensation seeking subscale of the UPPS-P.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides evidence on the prevalence of BMs in BPD patients, and on the link between BMs and NSSI in this population, suggesting a role of emotion regulation in the link between both constructs. These results also suggests that tattoos and piercings may be differentially linked to specific underlying psychological mechanisms. This calls for further considerations of body modifications in the assessment and care of BPD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":48586,"journal":{"name":"Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation","volume":"10 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9979398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9372115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spanish adaptation of the Burden Assessment Scale in family caregivers of people diagnosed with borderline personality disorder.","authors":"Joaquín García-Alandete,&nbsp;Isabel Fernández-Felipe,&nbsp;Sara Fonseca-Baeza,&nbsp;Irene Fernández,&nbsp;Sandra Pérez,&nbsp;José H Marco,&nbsp;Verónica Guillén","doi":"10.1186/s40479-023-00211-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40479-023-00211-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Caregiving is a strong source of stress and leads the family caregiver to experience the burden of being responsible for the care of a severely mentally ill family member. The Burden Assessment Scale (BAS) assesses burden in family caregivers. This study aimed to analyze the psychometric properties of the BAS in a sample of family caregivers of people diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 233 Spanish family caregivers (157 women and 76 men aged between 16-76 years old, M = 54.44, SD = 10.09) of people diagnosed with BPD. The BAS, the Multicultural Quality of Life Index, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An exploratory analysis resulted in a three-factor 16-item model (Disrupted Activities; Personal and Social Dysfunction; Worry, Guilt, and Being Overwhelmed) with an excellent fit (χ²(101) = 56.873, p = 1.000, CFI = 1.000, TLI = 1.000, RMSEA = .000, SRMR = .060), good internal consistency (ω = .93), a negative correlation with quality of life, and a positive correlation with anxiety, depression, and stress.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The model obtained for the BAS is a valid, reliable, and useful tool for assessing burden in family caregivers of relatives diagnosed with BPD.</p>","PeriodicalId":48586,"journal":{"name":"Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation","volume":"10 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9940418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10760315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of traumatic childhood experiences on interoception: disregarding one's own body.","authors":"Marius Schmitz, Sarah N Back, Katja I Seitz, Nele K Harbrecht, Lena Streckert, André Schulz, Sabine C Herpertz, Katja Bertsch","doi":"10.1186/s40479-023-00212-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40479-023-00212-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Deficient interoception, the processing and perception of internal bodily signals, has been discussed as a mechanism underlying various mental disorders. First results indicate a mediating role of interoception in the interplay of traumatic childhood experiences and adult mental disorders. Traumatic childhood experiences may hinder the adequate processing, integration, and trust in bodily signals that are important in order to understand and regulate own needs and emotions, thereby increasing the vulnerability for mental disorders. However, an overarching study investigating alterations in different interoceptive measures and trauma-related disorders as well as their mediating role between early trauma and emotion dysregulation is still missing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred thirty-six individuals with varying levels of traumatic childhood experiences who either had a current diagnosis of major depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, or somatic symptom disorder, or no mental disorder, took part in a multidimensional assessment of interoceptive processes, including interoceptive accuracy, sensibility, and awareness. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare groups regarding interoceptive processes and associations with traumatic childhood experiences and emotion dysregulation were analyzed with Spearman correlations. Furthermore, mediation analyses were computed to examine and compare interoceptive processes as potential mediators between traumatic childhood experiences and emotion dysregulation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only body dissociation, a measure for interoceptive sensibility, was significantly reduced in individuals with a current mental disorder. Body dissociation was also the only interoceptive measure significantly associated with traumatic childhood experiences and emotion dysregulation and the only significant mediator in the relationship between traumatic childhood experiences and emotion dysregulation across groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results suggest body dissociation, but not other interoceptive measures, as an important feature linking traumatic childhood experiences to current emotion dysregulation, an important transdiagnostic feature. As body dissociation refers to a habitual non-attendance or disregard of interoceptive signals, integrative therapeutic interventions could help affected individuals to overcome difficulties in emotion perception and regulation.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The general study design was preregistered; see the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS-ID: DRKS00015182). This study's analysis plan was not preregistered.</p>","PeriodicalId":48586,"journal":{"name":"Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation","volume":"10 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9930318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10734513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential associations between childhood maltreatment types and borderline personality disorder from the perspective of emotion dysregulation.","authors":"Yan Yuan, Hyunji Lee, Christina E Newhill, Shaun M Eack, Rachel Fusco, Lori N Scott","doi":"10.1186/s40479-023-00210-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40479-023-00210-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is characterized by pervasive instability in a range of areas including interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affect. Extant studies have consistently identified significant correlations between childhood maltreatment (CM) and BPD. While exploring this CM-BPD link, a number of cross-sectional studies commonly emphasize the role of emotion dysregulation (ED). A better understanding of the associations between BPD and (1) CM and (2) ED are essential in formulating early, effective intervention approaches, and in addressing varied adverse impacts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study analyzed a subset of baseline data collected for a larger community-based longitudinal study. Given that our current focus on CM and ED, only those participants who completed the baseline CM assessment and ED measure (N = 144) were included for the primary analyses. We conducted stepwise multivariate linear models to examine the differential relationships between BPD features, ED, and multiple CM types. A path analysis with latent factors using the structural equation modeling (SEM) method was performed to test the indirect effect from CM to BPD features via ED.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Linear regression models revealed that only emotional abuse (relative to other trauma types) was significantly associated with high BPD features. The SEM, by constructing direct and indirect effects simultaneously, showed that (1) ED partially mediated the path from CM to BPD features; and (2) CM played an important role in which the direct effect remained significant even after accounting for the indirect effect through ED.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results highlight a most consistent association between emotional abuse and BPD, indicating its unique role in understanding BPD features in the context of CM. Further, shame-related negative appraisal and ED were found critical when examining the association between CM and BPD, possibly providing promising treatment targets for future practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":48586,"journal":{"name":"Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation","volume":"10 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9903452/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9243474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"It's not you, it's me\": identity disturbance as the main contributor to interpersonal problems in pathological narcissism.","authors":"Biberdzic Marko,&nbsp;Tan Junhao,&nbsp;Day Nicholas J S","doi":"10.1186/s40479-022-00209-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40479-022-00209-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Core impairments in self and other functioning typify individuals with personality disorder. While interpersonal dysfunction is a known element of narcissistic disorders, empirical research investigating intrapersonal elements is lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the internal representations of individuals with grandiose and vulnerable features, as manifested through their attachment styles, and the specific role of identity disturbance in explaining the relationship between pathological narcissism and maladaptive interpersonal functioning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of 270 university students completed the Brief Pathological Narcissism Inventory (B-PNI), the Severity Indices of Personality Problems (SIPP), the Relationship Questionnaire (RQ), and the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP-32).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both vulnerable and grandiose narcissism were positively associated with both fearful and preoccupied attachment, and negatively associated with secure attachment, whilst grandiose narcissism was also positively associated with dismissive attachment. Furthermore, unstable representations of self, poor self-reflective functioning, and low sense of purpose fully mediated the relationship between interpersonal problems and grandiose narcissism while partially mediating the relationship between interpersonal problems and vulnerable narcissism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, our findings suggest that for individuals presenting with narcissistic features, capacity for adaptive interpersonal functioning is grounded by deficits in identity integration. Implications of these findings are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48586,"journal":{"name":"Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation","volume":"10 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9890803/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9371298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychotic spectrum features in borderline and bipolar disorders within the scope of the DSM-5 section III personality traits: a case control study.","authors":"Joana Henriques-Calado,&nbsp;Rute Pires,&nbsp;Marco Paulino,&nbsp;João Gama Marques,&nbsp;Bruno Gonçalves","doi":"10.1186/s40479-022-00205-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40479-022-00205-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychotic spectrum features in borderline personality disorder (PD) are a long-standing phenomenon, but remarkably, to date, they have not been the focus of many empirical studies. Moreover, the comparative studies that acknowledge their links to affective psychoses are even more scarce. Likewise, the contributions of empirical research on the DSM-5 dimensional approach to this topic are also uncommon. This study seeks to identify the best set of pathological personality traits and/or symptoms that are predictors of psychotic features (psychoticism and ideation paranoid symptoms) in borderline PD and in bipolar disorder, based on the framework of the DSM-5 section III personality traits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study of two clinical samples: 1) Borderline PD group of 63 participants; 2) Bipolar disorder group of 65 participants. Self-reported assessment: Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5); Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). A series of linear and logistic regression analyses were computed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, the data emerging as common predictors are detachment, negative affectivity, psychoticism, depressivity, grandiosity, suspiciousness and interpersonal sensitivity symptoms. Borderline PD has the highest score in BSI paranoid ideation which emerges as its discriminating trait (Nagelkerke R² = .58): cognitive and perceptual dysregulation (OR: 13.02), restricted affectivity (OR: 12.09), withdrawal (OR: 11.70), anhedonia (OR: 10.98) and emotional lability (OR: 6.69).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Besides the commonality that appears to overlap both disorders with a psychosis superspectrum, the patterns of the pathological personality-symptoms underlying the psychotic features appear to reinforce a position between schizophrenia and bipolar disorders that borderline PD may occupy, highlighting the possibility of its intersection with schizoaffective/psychosis spectra. The pathological personality nature of the psychotic features emerges as a potential comprehensive trait of the phenomenological dimensions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48586,"journal":{"name":"Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation","volume":"10 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9841700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10532913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of complex PTSD: the role of trauma characteristics, dissociation, and comorbid psychopathology.","authors":"E Guzman Torres, A Krause-Utz, M Sack","doi":"10.1186/s40479-022-00208-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40479-022-00208-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD) has previously been associated with earlier trauma onset, repeated interpersonal traumatization, more dissociation, and more comorbid psychopathology. However, it is still debated if the afore-mentioned risk factors are related to CPTSD diagnosis or rather indicative of a more severe form of post-traumatic distress. The aim of this study was to compare patients with a CPTSD diagnosis to those with PTSD in trauma characteristics (onset, chronicity, interpersonal nature, familiarity with perpetrator), dissociation, and psychiatric comorbidities, while accounting for symptom severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, N = 81 patients with a trauma history (n = 43 with CPTSD; n = 37 with PTSD) underwent diagnostic interviews by trained clinicians and completed measures on CPTSD symptom severity, trauma characteristics, and dissociation (Screening for Complex PTSD; Dissociative Experience Scale Taxon).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with CPTSD reported earlier onset of trauma, more trauma perpetrated by acquaintances or family members, and more comorbidities than those with PTSD, also when accounting for symptom severity. No group differences in chronicity and dissociation were found. Severity of CPTSD was associated with earlier onset, familiarity with perpetrator, more comorbid (affective) disorders, and dissociation in both diagnostic groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings largely confirm earlier research, suggesting that CPTSD is associated with traumatic events that start earlier in life and are perpetrated by acquaintances. Focusing on transdiagnostic symptoms, such as dissociation, may help to detain symptom deterioration. Due to the small sample size, findings need to be interpreted with caution and further research is needed to replicate findings in larger samples. Future research should also elucidate possible working mechanisms besides dissociation, such as emotion dysregulation or negative self-image.</p>","PeriodicalId":48586,"journal":{"name":"Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation","volume":"10 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10494168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}