Actuators最新文献

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Hovering Flight of a Robotic Hummingbird: Dynamic Observer and Flight Tests 机器人蜂鸟的悬停飞行:动态观察和飞行测试
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术
Actuators Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.3390/act13030091
Han Wang, Yousef Farid, Liang Wang, E. Garone, André Preumont
{"title":"Hovering Flight of a Robotic Hummingbird: Dynamic Observer and Flight Tests","authors":"Han Wang, Yousef Farid, Liang Wang, E. Garone, André Preumont","doi":"10.3390/act13030091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/act13030091","url":null,"abstract":"The paper reports on flight tests at hovering of the COLIBRI robot. After a short review of the control model and the stabilization strategy, two different approaches are considered for the attitude reconstruction from the MEMS Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU): the complementary filter and the full-state dynamic observer, implemented in a specially designed flight control board. It is shown that both strategies provide adequate stabilization at hovering in spite of the strong vibration excitation resulting from the flapping of the wings. Moreover, it is shown that the residual wandering due to noise, robot imperfection, etc., can be significantly reduced by a cascade control loop based on the axial and lateral velocities reconstructed by the full-state observer. Experiments show that this approach based on onboard measurements allows for a station keeping as good as that obtained with velocities reconstructed from an external tracking system. The paper also reports endurance tests conducted with two different robot configurations; the maximum flight time observed is 4 min 30 s.","PeriodicalId":48584,"journal":{"name":"Actuators","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140427663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Can Pressure Data from Wearable Insole Devices Be Utilized to Estimate Low Back Moments for Exoskeleton Control System? 能否利用可穿戴鞋垫设备的压力数据来估算外骨骼控制系统的腰背力矩?
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术
Actuators Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.3390/act13030092
S. Chae, Ahnryul Choi, Jeehae Kang, J. Mun
{"title":"Can Pressure Data from Wearable Insole Devices Be Utilized to Estimate Low Back Moments for Exoskeleton Control System?","authors":"S. Chae, Ahnryul Choi, Jeehae Kang, J. Mun","doi":"10.3390/act13030092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/act13030092","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a machine learning model for predicting lumbar spine moments using data from low-cost sensors, with the ultimate aim of developing a control strategy for waist-active exoskeleton devices. The limitation of sparse features in low-cost insoles was addressed by leveraging a source model constructed based on data acquired from the high-precision Pedar-X device, employing a transfer learning technique. The model’s performance saw significant improvement through a training approach that incorporated high-precision commercial insole data and fine-tuning with low-cost insole data. In comparison to the conventional model, this method resulted in a noteworthy 7% enhancement in performance, achieving an rRMSE of approximately 12% and a correlation coefficient of 0.9 in lumbar joint moment prediction. If the model can demonstrate real-time efficacy and effectiveness across various operations in future applications, it holds substantial potential for deployment as an active exoskeleton device for the waist.","PeriodicalId":48584,"journal":{"name":"Actuators","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140424671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Deep Domain Adaptation with Correlation Alignment and Supervised Contrastive Learning for Intelligent Fault Diagnosis in Bearings and Gears of Rotating Machinery 利用相关性对齐和监督对比学习进行深度领域适应,实现旋转机械轴承和齿轮的智能故障诊断
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术
Actuators Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.3390/act13030093
Bo Zhang, Hai Dong, Hamzah A. A. M. Qaid, Yong Wang
{"title":"Deep Domain Adaptation with Correlation Alignment and Supervised Contrastive Learning for Intelligent Fault Diagnosis in Bearings and Gears of Rotating Machinery","authors":"Bo Zhang, Hai Dong, Hamzah A. A. M. Qaid, Yong Wang","doi":"10.3390/act13030093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/act13030093","url":null,"abstract":"Deep domain adaptation techniques have recently been the subject of much research in machinery fault diagnosis. However, most of the work has been focused on domain alignment, aiming to learn cross-domain features by bridging the gap between source and target domains. Despite the success of these methods in achieving domain alignment, they often overlook the class discrepancy present in cross-domain scenarios. This can result in the misclassification of target domain samples that are located near cluster boundaries or far from their associated class centers. To tackle these challenges, a novel approach called deep domain adaptation with correlation alignment and supervised contrastive learning (DCASCL) is proposed, which synchronously realizes both domain distribution alignment and class distribution alignment. Specifically, the correlation alignment loss is used to enforce the model to generate transferable features, facilitating effective domain distribution alignment. Additionally, classifier discrepancy loss and supervised contrastive learning loss are integrated to carry out feature distribution alignment class-wisely. The supervised contrastive learning loss leverages class-specific information of source and target samples, which efficiently promotes the compactness of samples of the same class and the separation of samples from different classes. Moreover, our approach is extensively validated across three diverse datasets, demonstrating its effectiveness in diagnosing machinery faults across different domains.","PeriodicalId":48584,"journal":{"name":"Actuators","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140425279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of a Hydraulic Actuator for MRI- and Radiation-Compatible Medical Applications 开发用于核磁共振成像和辐射兼容医疗应用的液压致动器
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术
Actuators Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.3390/act13030090
J. Mühlenhoff, Oliver Radler, Thomas Sattel
{"title":"Development of a Hydraulic Actuator for MRI- and Radiation-Compatible Medical Applications","authors":"J. Mühlenhoff, Oliver Radler, Thomas Sattel","doi":"10.3390/act13030090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/act13030090","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents methods for the actuation, measurement, and control of a magnetic resonance imaging- and radiation-compatible single-axis translatory actuation system. As an exemplary demanding use case, the axis is developed for a robotic phantom for evaluating emitted radiation doses of radiotherapy devices. For this, the robot has to follow given three-dimensional trajectories of patients’ movements with an accuracy of 200 µm. For enabling use of magnetic resonance imaging, actuation of the robot is realized by hydraulic transmission without any metal parts or electrical components at the imaging side. The hydraulic axis is developed, built-up, and tested. In order to compensate for deviations from the targeted actuation trajectory resulting from tolerances, friction, and non-linearities in the system, a combination of photogrammetric measurement and iterative learning control is applied. The developed photogrammetric system is capable of determining the robot’s position with systematic errors of 35 µm and stochastic errors of 0.3 µm. Different types of iterative learning control methods are applied, parameterized, and tested. With this, the hydraulically actuated axis is able to follow given trajectories with maximum errors below 130 µm.","PeriodicalId":48584,"journal":{"name":"Actuators","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140427416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reduced-Order Model Approaches for Predicting Airfoil Performance 预测机翼性能的降序模型方法
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术
Actuators Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.3390/act13030088
A. Colanera, Eduardo Di Costanzo, M. Chiatto, L. de Luca
{"title":"Reduced-Order Model Approaches for Predicting Airfoil Performance","authors":"A. Colanera, Eduardo Di Costanzo, M. Chiatto, L. de Luca","doi":"10.3390/act13030088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/act13030088","url":null,"abstract":"This study delves into the construction of reduced-order models (ROMs) of a flow field over a NACA 0012 airfoil at a moderate Reynolds number and an angle of attack of 8∘. Numerical simulations were computed through the finite-volume solver OpenFOAM. The analysis considers two different reduction techniques: the standard Galerkin projection method, which involves projecting the governing equations onto proper orthogonal decomposition modes (POD−ROMs), and the cluster-based network model (CNM), a fully data-driven nonlinear approach. An analysis of the topology of the dominant POD modes was conducted, uncovering a traveling wave pattern in the wake dynamics. We compared the performances of both ROM techniques regarding their prediction of flow field behavior and integral quantities. The ROM framework facilitates the practical actuation of control strategies with significantly reduced computational demands compared to the full-order approach.","PeriodicalId":48584,"journal":{"name":"Actuators","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140430037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Novel Cooperative Control Strategy for Three-Degree-of-Freedom Pneumatic Parallel Mechanism 三自由度气动并联机构的新型协同控制策略
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术
Actuators Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.3390/act13030089
Qingqing Huang, Guanwei He, Guodong Feng, Beichen Ding
{"title":"A Novel Cooperative Control Strategy for Three-Degree-of-Freedom Pneumatic Parallel Mechanism","authors":"Qingqing Huang, Guanwei He, Guodong Feng, Beichen Ding","doi":"10.3390/act13030089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/act13030089","url":null,"abstract":"The three-degree-of-freedom (3-DoF) parallel mechanism (PM) is widely used due to its simple structure and ability to avoid coupling problems commonly found in high-DoF PMs. The conventional control approach is usually independent control for each branch of the mechanism using a PID controller, without considering the consistency among branches. This paper proposes a novel cooperative control strategy for the 3-DoF PM to achieve both synchronized and differential motion. A pneumatic actuated test rig was constructed to validate the effectiveness of the cooperative controller. The results demonstrate our control approach outperforms the PID controller. Our self-designed platform is functional and intuitive, which can be regarded as a control scheme test bench for a 3-DoF PM.","PeriodicalId":48584,"journal":{"name":"Actuators","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140429288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Grey-Box Modeling and Decoupling Control of a Lab Setup of the Quadruple-Tank System 四罐系统实验室装置的灰盒建模和解耦控制
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术
Actuators Pub Date : 2024-02-25 DOI: 10.3390/act13030087
J. Garrido, Sergio Garrido-Jurado, Francisco Vázquez
{"title":"Grey-Box Modeling and Decoupling Control of a Lab Setup of the Quadruple-Tank System","authors":"J. Garrido, Sergio Garrido-Jurado, Francisco Vázquez","doi":"10.3390/act13030087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/act13030087","url":null,"abstract":"The quadruple-tank system (QTS) is a popular educational resource in universities for studying multivariable control systems. It enables the analysis of the interaction between variables and the limitations imposed by multivariable non-minimum phase zeros, as well as the evaluation of new multivariable control methodologies. The works utilizing this system present a theoretical model that may be too idealistic and based on erroneous assumptions in real-world implementations, such as the linear behavior of the actuators. In other cases, an identified linear model is directly provided. This study outlines the practical grey-box modeling procedure conducted for the QTS at the University of Cordoba and provides guidance for its implementation. A configurable nonlinear model was developed and controlled in a closed loop using different controllers. Specifically, decentralized control, static decoupling control, and simplified decoupling control were compared. The simulation designs were experimentally validated with high accuracy, demonstrating that the conclusions reached with the developed model can be extrapolated to the real system. The comparison of these three control designs illustrates the advantages and disadvantages of decoupling in certain situations, especially in the presence of non-minimum phase zeros.","PeriodicalId":48584,"journal":{"name":"Actuators","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140433006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ionizing Waves in Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharges Plasma Actuators 表面介质屏障放电中的电离波 等离子体执行器
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术
Actuators Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.3390/act13030086
R. Barni, H. E. Roman, Claudia Riccardi
{"title":"Ionizing Waves in Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharges Plasma Actuators","authors":"R. Barni, H. E. Roman, Claudia Riccardi","doi":"10.3390/act13030086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/act13030086","url":null,"abstract":"Plasma actuators have been proposed as a tool to produce hydrodynamical effects in the boundary layer of aerodynamical flows. We have analyzed some properties of these systems using suitable plasma diagnostics based on the emissivity characteristics of such plasmas. The direction and the velocity of propagation of the ionizing wave spreading on the dielectric surface were measured (in the 100–200 km/s range), and it was demonstrated that it behaves like a cathode-directed streamer. The averaged electron temperature (4–5 eV) and the reduced field strength (E/N ≈ 6 × 1019 V·m2) of the ionizing wave switching the discharges on were measured, too.","PeriodicalId":48584,"journal":{"name":"Actuators","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140439707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of a Self-Regulating Solar Shading Actuator Based on the Thermal Shape Memory Effect 开发基于热形状记忆效应的自调节遮阳致动器
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术
Actuators Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.3390/act13030085
Mario Stelzmann, Felix Zakner, Iñaki Navarro de Sosa, Amir Nemati, Alexander Kahnt, Burkhard Maaß, Welf-Guntram Drossel
{"title":"Development of a Self-Regulating Solar Shading Actuator Based on the Thermal Shape Memory Effect","authors":"Mario Stelzmann, Felix Zakner, Iñaki Navarro de Sosa, Amir Nemati, Alexander Kahnt, Burkhard Maaß, Welf-Guntram Drossel","doi":"10.3390/act13030085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/act13030085","url":null,"abstract":"In the field of adaptive building technologies, this research introduces the development of a self-regulating solar shading actuator that utilizes the thermal shape memory effect. The study focuses on addressing the actuator’s performance under diverse environmental conditions. Thermal simulations were carried out during the development of the individual components of the actuator and for the prediction of specific switching temperatures. The investigation includes an analysis of the sunshade’s response to varying environmental conditions, emphasizing its effectiveness on clear summer days and identifying challenges during overcast periods. The critical coordination between the solar collector and the shape memory alloy (SMA) wire is examined, shedding light on the impact of SMA temperature dynamics on the actuation performance. Through the integration of simulation data and real-world measurements, the study validates the thermal model for the solar collector, establishing the robustness of the system’s operation. This research work contributes significantly to the development of intelligent actuators and outlines the importance of validation of SMA-based applications under real conditions.","PeriodicalId":48584,"journal":{"name":"Actuators","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140441590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Real-Time Point Recognition for Seedlings Using Kernel Density Estimators and Pyramid Histogram of Oriented Gradients 利用核密度估计器和定向梯度金字塔直方图实时识别秧苗点
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术
Actuators Pub Date : 2024-02-21 DOI: 10.3390/act13030081
Moteaal Asadi Shirzi, M. Kermani
{"title":"Real-Time Point Recognition for Seedlings Using Kernel Density Estimators and Pyramid Histogram of Oriented Gradients","authors":"Moteaal Asadi Shirzi, M. Kermani","doi":"10.3390/act13030081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/act13030081","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a new real-time method based on a combination of kernel density estimators and pyramid histogram of oriented gradients for identifying a point of interest along the stem of seedlings suitable for stem–stake coupling, also known as the ‘clipping point’. The recognition of a clipping point is a required step for automating the stem–stake coupling task, also known as the clipping task, using the robotic system under development. At present, the completion of this task depends on the expertise of skilled individuals that perform manual clipping. The robotic stem–stake coupling system is designed to emulate human perception (in vision and cognition) for identifying the clipping points and to replicate human motor skills (in dexterity of manipulation) for attaching the clip to the stem at the identified clipping point. The system is expected to clip various types of vegetables, namely peppers, tomatoes, and cucumbers. Our proposed methodology will serve as a framework for automatic analysis and the understanding of the images of seedlings for identifying a suitable clipping point. The proposed algorithm is evaluated using real-world image data from propagation facilities and greenhouses, and the results are verified by expert farmers indicating satisfactory performance. The precise outcomes obtained through this identification method facilitate the execution of other autonomous functions essential in precision agriculture and horticulture.","PeriodicalId":48584,"journal":{"name":"Actuators","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140443040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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