Клінічна анатомія та оперативна хірургія最新文献

{"title":"RISK FACTORS THE OCCURRENCE OF PREMATURE BIRTH","authors":"Petro Tokar, Iryna Kalinovska","doi":"10.24061/1727-0847.22.2.2023.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-0847.22.2.2023.21","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the data of a retrospective analysis of the frequency and structure of obstetric and perinatal complications based on the data of 100 cases of premature births in the Chernivtsi Regional Perinatal Center of Chernivtsi in 2021. This complication occurs much more often in older pregnant women, which is confi rmed by the data of other authors. A signifi cant number of pregnant women with premature birth suff ered infectious diseases in childhood. The given data indicate a certain infl uence of gynecological diseases in the development of premature birth. Pregnant women with premature birth often have various complications of the current pregnancy, a high frequency of complications of pregnancy and childbirth is observed. This causes a high frequency of operative interventions in childbirth. The retrospective analysis shows that the manifestations of miscarriage in the early gestational periods have a very adverse eff ect on the course of pregnancy and the intrauterine condition of the fetus and newborn.","PeriodicalId":485482,"journal":{"name":"Клінічна анатомія та оперативна хірургія","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136350860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ROLE OF PROBLEMATIC QUESTIONS TO THE CONTENT OF THE LECTURE ANDTHE PRES METHOD IN IMPROVING THE TEACHING OF FUNDAMENTAL THEORETICAL AND CLINICAL DISCIPLINES","authors":"Yurii Rogovyi, Vyacheslav Bilo’okiy, Iryna Kalinovska, Oleksandr Slobodian","doi":"10.24061/1727-0847.22.2.2023.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-0847.22.2.2023.22","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on the role of problematic issues in the content of the lecture and the PRES method in improving the teaching of fundamental theoretical and clinical disciplines. The specifi city of the topic is the analytical approach to application research method – descriptive comparison – for the analysis, synthesis and generalization of the role of problematic issues in the content of the lecture and the PRES method in the possibility of signifi cantly improving the assimilation of leading theoretical and clinical disciplines.Scientifi c novelty. For the fi rst time, the implementation of an original, innovative, alternative approach in practice has been ensured, which shows that problematic questions to the content of the lecture and the PRES method contribute to the eff ective formation of highly professional competencies.Conclusion. The introduction into the educational process of problematic issues related to the content of the lecture and the PRES method makes it possible to achieve the leading interests of fundamental theoretical and clinical disciplines in-depth knowledge of the general laws of the development of the disease, pre-disease, to ensure their leading role in forming the basics of clinical thinking in students and improving the quality of the educational process.","PeriodicalId":485482,"journal":{"name":"Клінічна анатомія та оперативна хірургія","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136350862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE LEVEL OF TROPHOBLAST HORMONES IN EARLY PREMATURE TERMS OF GESTATION","authors":"Iryna Kalinovska, Kateryna Lisova, Oleh Kozar","doi":"10.24061/1727-0847.22.2.2023.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-0847.22.2.2023.13","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The trophoblast hormones of the chorionic villi (CV) of the placenta play a signifi cant role in the processes of formation of structures and functions of the fetus. Disorders of microcirculation also lead to disturbances in metabolism and oxygenation, which causes fetal distress. Microcirculation disorders also aff ect the hormone- producing function of the placental complex. Disorders of fetoplacental blood fl ow at the beginning of the second trimester lead to a drop in the synthesis of hormones by half compared to the norm and the appearance of clinical manifestations of placental dysfunction. There is a pronounced drop in the hormoneproducing function of the placenta in pregnant women with miscarriage and disorders in the mother- placentafetus system at 30-32 weeks, which confi rms the failure of compensation of the placental system.The purpose. The aim of the study was to quantitatively establish the concentration of chorionic gonadotropin and placental lactogen in the trophoblast of the chorionic villi of the placenta in the early stages of pregnancy in pregnant women with miscarriage in order to understand the pathogenesis of placental insu ffi ciency in the fi rst trimester of pregnancy.Research material and methods. The immunohistochemical quantitative investigations of hormones of trophoblast of chorial villi were made at early stages of pregnancy (5-12 weeks). The material of spontaneous miscarriages of 5-12 weeks of gestation was studied (28 observations – the main group). The material of abortions from practically healthy women for social reasons (16 cases) served as a control. Scientifi c studies passed the bioethics commission, no violations were found. Scientifi c research passed the bioethics commission, no violations were found (protocol N 4 dated December 16, 2021). Standard methods of mathematical analysis using Student’s and Fisher’s criteria, standard and specialized computer programs were used for statistical processing of the obtained data. Pairwise correlation indicators were used to study the nature and degree of relationship between various parameters.Results and their discussion. It was established that the signifi cant fl uctuations of the «optical density» indicator in relation to the content of CHT in the trophoblast of HC in the main group are actually caused by two types of pathology, one of which is accompanied by a decrease in the concentration of CHT (13 observations – main group A), and the other – on the contrary, by its increase (15 observations – main group B).It was established that in principle may developed two types of placental (villous) insu ffi ciency, and the common sings of its are decreased of vascularization of chorial villi. The fi rst type is described as decreased concentration of chorionic gonadotropin and placental lactogen in the trophoblast, morphological sings of slowdown of development of chorial villi with increasing formation of cytotrophoblast of chorial villi. The second type show itsel","PeriodicalId":485482,"journal":{"name":"Клінічна анатомія та оперативна хірургія","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136350665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MICROSCOPIC CHANGES IN RAT’S GINGIVA UNDER CONDITIONS OF EXPERIMENTAL PERIODONTITIS AND THE USE OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS","authors":"Kateryna Duda, Ivan Klishch, Zoia Nebesna, Nataliia Ohinska","doi":"10.24061/1727-0847.22.2.2023.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-0847.22.2.2023.20","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. According to the WHO, periodontal disease is an important socio- economic problem, and periodontitis remains the main cause of tooth loss in the adult population. Stem cells have a unique ability to transform into all types of body tissues and cells. In consequence of this, they restore damaged organs and their functions.The aim of the study. To fi nd out the features of histological changes in the gingiva under the conditions of experimental periodontitis and the use of mesenchymal stem cells as a correction.Material and methods. The experimental study was conducted on 30 mature white male rats, which were divided into three groups: I – intact animals (10); II – animals with a model of acute infl ammation of periodontal tissues (10), III – animals with acute infl ammation of periodontal tissues and under conditions of mesenchymal stem cells use (10). To simulate infl ammation of periodontal tissues in experimental animals, we used lipopolysaccharide, the animals of this group were injected with 40 microliters (1 mg/ml) of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and 1 % starch solution intragastrically into the gingiva tissues every other day for 2 weeks. Rats were euthanized by bloodletting under thiopental- sodium anesthesia. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were obtained from pregnant females approximately on the 21st – 24th day of pregnancy. Stem cells were injected into the gingiva area of rats by a single injection at the rate of 1 million cells per 1 kg of body weight. For histological examination, pieces of gingiva were processed according to generally accepted methods.The results. The results of the histological studies showed that the tunica mucosa epithelial layer of the marginal part of gingiva in the intact group of animals was represented by a stratifi ed keratinized epithelium, which is a characteristic feature of animals. The lamina propria of the gingival mucosa of intact white rats was represented by papillary and reticular layers. After 7 days of simulated periodontitis, the development of changes in the structural components of the gingiva, which had signs of an infl ammatory nature, was observed. In the marginal part of the gingiva, the stratifi ed squamous keratinized epithelium was characterized by a violation of the integrity of all layers and the appearance of single migrating, intraepithelial lymphocytes into the epithelial layer. The lamina propria of the tunica mucosa of the gingiva was characterized by swelling, destruction of collagen fi bers. Fourteen days after experimental periodontitis, the progression of infl ammatory processes and destructive changes was established. Stratifi ed squamous keratinized epithelium of the gingival mucosa was characterized by hyperkeratinosis. Thickening or signifi cant thinning of the bundles of collagen fi bers were observed, swelling of the amorphous component of the connective tissue was revealed, an increase in foci of histoleukocyte infi ltration was noted. After 21 days of the experiment, microsco","PeriodicalId":485482,"journal":{"name":"Клінічна анатомія та оперативна хірургія","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136350666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LEARNING AND IMPROVING THE SKILLS OF ENDOSCOPIC AND LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY UNDER DISTANCE LEARNING CONDITIONS","authors":"Igor Shkvarkovskyi, Iryna Kozlovska, Oleksandr Moskalіuk, Yaroslav Kulachek, Oleh Rusak, Svitlana Yakobchuk","doi":"10.24061/1727-0847.22.2.2023.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-0847.22.2.2023.23","url":null,"abstract":"The article highlights the problem of increasing the effi ciency of mastering and assimilating educational material using simulation training during practical classes in the discipline «Surgery» for students majoring in «Medicine» with the aim of improving the quality of medical education. The article also refl ects the main problems encountered by students during distance learning and off ers a method for improving theoretical and practical training, endoscopic and laparoscopic surgery skills of future doctors.","PeriodicalId":485482,"journal":{"name":"Клінічна анатомія та оперативна хірургія","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136350861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MIOEPITHELIAL CELLS: STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, AND THEIR ROLE IN NORMAL AND NEOPLASTIC TRANSFORMATION OF THE BREAST","authors":"Оlena Adamovych, Ilona Chelpanova, Yevgeniy Paltov, Rostyslav Sohuyko, Artur Poliiants, Nadia Sopneva","doi":"10.24061/1727-0847.22.2.2023.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-0847.22.2.2023.12","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Myoepithelial cells (MECs) are characteristic of exocrine glands and are responsible for synthesizing the extracellular matrix, particularly the structural components of the basal membrane. MECs are of epithelial origin and exhibit contractile function, which aids in milk ejection from the ducts during lactation. Scientific literature suggests that MECs act as suppressors of tumors and play an important diagnostic role in mammary gland pathology, especially in distinguishing diff erent neoplastic processes.Research objective: T o elucidate the histological features and immunohistochemical verifi cation of myoepithelial cells in normal breast tissue and their role in neoplastic transformation of the mammary gland.Materials and Methods. The histological examination of myoepithelial cells of the mammary gland was conducted on archival slides from the Department of Histology, Cytology, and Embryology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University. Histological sections, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, as well as immunohistochemical markers p63 (Clone 4A4, Masterdiagnostica) and cytokeratin 5/6Ab-2 (D5/16 B4, Thermoscientifi c) for confi rming the myoepithelial origin of the cells, were analyzed under a light microscope (UlabXSP-137TLED) with 10x and 40x objectives and a 10x eyepiece. Photographs were taken using an XCAM 1080P camera.Research Results. The structural units of the mammary gland (MG) are ductal-l obular formations, the terminal portions of which have an alveolar shape and are formed by secretory exocrine cells with underlying myoepithelial cells – basket-like cells. Identifi cation of myoepithelial cells using conventional histological staining techniques such as hematoxylin and eosin does not always provide a clear understanding of their topography. All myoepithelial cells are located on the basal membrane and contribute to the synthesis of its components (laminin, entactin, etc.). The myoepithelial cell layer, which is consistently present in the normal mammary gland, can appear diff erently: resembling smooth muscle or epithelioid cells, having a stellate or spindle- shaped form, or not being visualized at all. It has been shown that p63 is a sensitive and specifi c nuclear myoepithelial marker, expressed in myoepithelial cells of the normal mammary gland, in residual lobular acini, sclerosing adenosis, carcinoma in situ, and not detected in invasive carcinomas. It can be included in immunohistochemical panels aimed at identifying myoepithelial cells in diagnostically challenging breast pathologies.Conclusions. Myoepithelial cells in the mammary glands play a key role in their function, facilitating the process of milk secretion. However, in certain cases, they also play an important role in the development of neoplastic transformations. Intercellular connections between secretory and myoepithelial cells indicate that the last ones suppress both the progression of carcinoma in situ to invasive breast cancer and the carcinomai","PeriodicalId":485482,"journal":{"name":"Клінічна анатомія та оперативна хірургія","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136350664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF NEUROCYTES OF THE CA3 REGION OF THE RAT HIPPOCAMPUS AFTER THERMAL INJURY WITH THE USE OF LYOPHILIZED XENOGRAFT","authors":"Zoia Nebesna, Diana Lytvynyuk, Nataliia Ohinska, Svitlana Lytvynyuk","doi":"10.24061/1727-0847.22.2.2023.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-0847.22.2.2023.15","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The hippocampus has a complex structure, and its work is coordinated with other parts of the brain, helping to perform its main functions: memory, behavior, reaction to the surrounding world. The purpose of the study was to determine the dynamics of morphometric changes in neurocytes of the CA3 region of the rat hippocampus after experimental thermal injury using a cryolyophilized xenodermal substrate. Experimental studies were conducted on 56 sexually mature white male laboratory rats. The thermal injury was infl icted under thiopental- sodium anesthesia with copper plates heated in boiled water.The area of the lesion was 18-20 % of the body surface. Early necrectomy of the damaged skin was performed 1 day after the thermal injury. The resulting wound was closed with a crushed substrate of lyophilized xeno-skin. The animals were decapitated on days 7, 14, and 21. Material for microscopic studies was collected according to the generally accepted method. The hippocampal histological preparations were used to determine the numerical density of CA3 neurons in the hippocampal region, the area of bodies and nuclei of diff erent types of neurons, and their nuclear- cytoplasmic ratio. Statistical processing of digital data was performed using the software «Excel» and «STATISTICA 6.0» using parametric and nonparametric methods of data evaluation. A comparative analysis of the numerical density of neurocytes in the CA3 region of the hippocampus of animals with thermal injury and after correction showed that the number of cells that died was lower on day 7 after the use of lyophilized xenoceramics, but still not signifi cant. On day 14, the number of sharply hypochromic neurocytes with total tigrolysis in its CA3 region was 1.7 times lower and the number of pycnomorphic, shriveled cells, respectively, 3.5 times lower than in the second control group of animals. The number of normochromic neurocytes in the hippocampal fi elds increased by 1.40 times compared to the burned animals. They are characterized by normalization of the basophilic substance content and nuclei condition. Histological studies of hippocampal fi elds on day 21 of the experiment showed that the use of xeno-skin to close burn wounds signifi cantly normalizes their structural components. Microscopically, CA3 region at this time contained many normochromic neurocytes, 12.5 times (p<0.05) more than in animals with burns, respectively, 7.7 times fewer sharply hypochromic cells.Conclusions. Morphometrically, it was found that in the early period after thermal injury under the conditions of lyophilized xenodermal substrate application in the CA3 region of the hippocampus, the population of normochromic neurocytes increased by 1.43 times, the number of sharply hyper- and hypochromic forms decreased by 1.95 and 2.11 times compared to animals of the second group, indicating the onset of restorative, regenerative processes in the neurocyte- gliocyte-hemocapillary complex. Under the conditions of","PeriodicalId":485482,"journal":{"name":"Клінічна анатомія та оперативна хірургія","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136350865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BIOLOGICAL ROLE OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES IN MITOCHONDRIA","authors":"Mariana Dikal, Yelena Ferenchuk, Tetiana Bilous, Tamara Kopchuk, Vira Drachuk, Volodymyr Bilous","doi":"10.24061/1727-0847.22.2.2023.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-0847.22.2.2023.24","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the sources of free radicals in the mitochondria and the specifi city of mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes. In recent years, оxidative stress is associated with many human diseases, including: cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and kidney and liver disorders, a wide range of infl ammatory-r elated diseases, cancer, diabetes mellitus. Mitochondria, as the major ATP producer and the major reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant producer exert a crucial role within the cell metabolism. And mitochondria represent an important target for oxidative damage, which can lead to the death of mitochondria and cell, because damaged mitochondria produce increasingly more (ROS). Produced ROS often activate local pools of redox- sensitive enzymes of protective signaling pathways and may directly infl uence cell viability. However, there are also enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of the antioxidant mitochondrial system that help in controlling the oxidant- antioxidant system. Moreover, mitochondrial damage and increased level of free radicals might provide one of the important biomarkers for monitoring diff erent disease progression.","PeriodicalId":485482,"journal":{"name":"Клінічна анатомія та оперативна хірургія","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136350663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROJECTION FETAL ANATOMY VASCULAR AND NERVOUS FORMATIONS OF THE ANTERIOR REGION OF THE ARM","authors":"Oleksandr Koval, Tatiana Khmara, Igor Zamorskii, Vitalii Ilika, Oleksandra Garvasiuk","doi":"10.24061/1727-0847.22.2.2023.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-0847.22.2.2023.17","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In the case of gunshot wounds, the upper extremities prevail poly-structural injuries, primarily characterized by damage to nerve trunks, vessels, soft tissues, and bones. Compartment syndrome is one of the most di ffi cult pathological conditions underlying the majority of fi rearm complications is injuries of the limbs and, above all, those accompanied by bone fractures and limbs, and can lead to permanent disability.Until now, fetal patterns have not been defi nitively clarifi ed in the topography of fascial- muscular formations, fi ber spaces, and projection anatomy of the vascular and nervous structures of the anterior region of the arm at diff erent stages of human ontogenesis.The study aimed to establish the vascular- nervous projection structures of the anterior arm region in human fetuses.The study was conducted on preparations of the upper limbs of 48 human fetuses aged from 4 to 10 months using macromicroscopic dissection, injection of vessels, and morphometry.It was established that in human fetuses the projection of the main vascular of the nerve bundle of the shoulder on the skin corresponds to the line that connects the point between the middle and front thirds of the width of the axillary fossa to the middle ulnar fossa. The median nerve in the upper third of the shoulder is determined near the medial edge of the biceps muscle of the shoulder, as a rule, laterally of the brachial artery, within the middle of the anterior region of the arm, median the nerve crosses the brachial artery in front and goes straight in the lower third of the shoulder approximately from the brachial artery. Projection of the ulnar nerve within the upper third of the anterior region of the arm corresponds to the projection of the main vascular- nerve bundle, within the middle and lower thirds – the line that connects the middle of the medial bicipital groove of the shoulder with the medial epicondyle of the humerus. An anatomical landmark for the determination of topography of the main vein, the median cutaneous nerve of the forearm and of the median nerve is the medial edge of the biceps muscle of the shoulder, and the lateral edge of this muscle is a landmark for identifying the main vein.Obtained data on fetal and projection anatomy of structures of the anterior region of the arm in human fetuses of diff erent ages have an important role and applied value and will reduce the risk of iatrogenic injuries and exclude the possibility of developing vascular and nervous complications in the postoperative period, choose the correct tactics of operative interventions in the anterior region of the arm.","PeriodicalId":485482,"journal":{"name":"Клінічна анатомія та оперативна хірургія","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136350661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF THE RABBIT CORNEA IN THE LATE TERMS AFTER THE SIMULATION OF A MECHANICAL NON-PENETRATING CORNEA INJURY AND ITS CORRECTION USING DECELLULARIZED XENOSTROMA","authors":"Solomiia Shmyr, Solomiia Kramar","doi":"10.24061/1727-0847.22.2.2023.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/1727-0847.22.2.2023.16","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The global incidence of vision loss is estimated at 36 million per year, and one of the fi ve leading causes is injury or disease aff ecting the cornea. In some cases, damage to the cornea requires surgical intervention using xenografts.This study aims to investigate the peculiarities of the morphological changes of the rabbit cornea in the dynamics of experimental mechanical non-penetrating corneal injury and its correction with decellularized xenocorneal stroma.Material and methods. Experiments were performed on Chinchilla rabbits in compliance with the rules of bioethics. The animals were divided into three groups: I – animals without simulated pathology, II – animals with simulated mechanical nonenetrating corneal trauma, III – animals with corneal trauma that underwent surgical correction using pig corneal stroma obtained by the decellularization method. Animals were removed from the experiment 14 and 28 days after the beginning of pathology simulation. Rabbits of the second and third groups were subjected to a concentric epithelial incision in the upper half of the cornea of both eyes under local anaesthesia, within which the anterior epithelium was removed together with the upper layer of the corneal stroma with a disposable ophthalmic scalpel. The rabbits of the third group underwent corneal injury correction by closing the defect with decellularized pig xenocorneal stroma. For histological examination, pieces of the cornea were processed according to generally accepted methods. Para ffi n sections of the cornea were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The thickness of the anterior corneal epithelium in the central and peripheral areas of the injury, the stroma’s thickness, and the cornea’s general thickness were determined morphometrically. The normal distribution determined the reliability of the diff erence between the data according to the student’s t-test. Diff erences were considered signifi cant at p<0,05.Results. Morphometrically established, the dynamic increase in the thickness of the anterior epithelium in the marginal zones up to 103.49±5.17 μm on the 14th day of the experiment, which is 1.44 times greater (p˂0,001) compared to the norm, and the thickness of the cornea, with the maximum value in the same period, to 759.42±27.12 μm, which exceeded the intact indicator by 2.39 times (p˂0.001). On the 28th day of the experiment, under the conditions of simulation of mechanical injury at the microscopic level, the closure of the defect with an epithelium of average thickness 60.27±2.01 μm with an uneven relief of the basal surface and areas of detachment from the substantia propria was revealed. In the upper layers of the stroma, signs of maturation of young connective tissue with the presence of fi broblastic and leukocyte cells, capillaries and disordered orientation of collagen fi bers are microscopically revealed. Morphometrically, on the 28th day, the substantia propria thickness of the second group animals is signifi cantly ","PeriodicalId":485482,"journal":{"name":"Клінічна анатомія та оперативна хірургія","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136350863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}