Nutrition Bulletin最新文献

{"title":"Ultra Processed Food Consumption in Children and Adolescents: Main Food Group Contributors and Associations With Weight Status.","authors":"Evgenia Petridi, Emmanuella Magriplis, Kalliopi Karatzi, Evelina Charidemou, Elena Philippou, Antonis Zampelas","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70001","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nbu.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) is thought to play an important role in the development of childhood obesity worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the main food groups contributing to UPF consumption and their association with weight status. Following exclusion of children with implausible intakes and misreporters, the final sample included 443 of 484 eligible (children and adolescents aged 2-18 years old) (91.5%), from the Hellenic National Nutrition and Health Survey (HNNHS). UPF items reported in 24-h recalls were identified according to the NOVA4 system and the proportion of their contribution to the daily energy intake was calculated. Main UPF food contributors were derived for the total population and by weight status. The association between weight status and UPF intake for the main contributors was examined using generalised linear models. The average percentage of total daily energy provided by UPFs was 39.8%. Four major food groups were found to contribute > 10% of total UPF intake: ready-to-eat/heat dishes (36.2%), sweet grain products (21.4%), savoury snacks (15.4%) and sweets (12.9%). These provided 86% of the total UPF intake, with no significant differences between children's weight status. There was also no significant association between the total percentage of energy as UPF and obesity. The relatively high contribution of UPFs, however, to children's daily energy intake in Greece emphasises the need for public food awareness campaigns for health promotion. Evaluation of the contribution of different food groups and not only of total UPF intake is also important.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"278-289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12147056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143765482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Impacts of Population-Wide Adoption of Dietary Guidelines in China.","authors":"Sabina Crowe, Rosemary Green, Christian Reynolds, Bhavani Shankar","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70008","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nbu.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper uses an optimisation model to quantify the necessary food consumption adjustments for Chinese diets to fulfil the requirements in the health-based Chinese Dietary Guidelines (CDG) or WHO dietary guidelines. We further aim to determine whether adopting these guidelines could lead to lower levels of greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) while maintaining diet affordability. Modelling outcomes under the CDG and WHO scenarios differ significantly from nutritional, GHGE and diet affordability perspectives: relative to observed eating patterns, diets following the WHO guidelines are equally emissions intensive, while diets consistent with the CDG recommendations are less sustainable. Further optimisations imposing significant reductions in GHGE indicate important environmental and nutritional co-benefits can be achieved through the WHO guidelines, while maintaining diet affordability. In the WHO scenario, the maximum diet-related GHGE reduction policymakers could aim for is 30%, since above this threshold, recommended diets would deviate considerably from observed patterns. The CDG model with a 20% emissions reduction does not converge for 64% of the initial data set, casting doubt on the affordability and compatibility of the CDG with China's decarbonisation goal. We recommend that future versions of the CDG be reformulated to closer align with WHO advice and explicitly include environmental considerations.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"326-339"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12147054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144004797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Portion Estimation, Satiety Perception and Energy Intake Following Different Breakfast Portion Sizes in Healthy Adults.","authors":"Kinga Kwiecien, Lourdes Santos-Merx, Tarsem Sahota, Helen Coulthard, Mariasole Da Boit","doi":"10.1111/nbu.12733","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nbu.12733","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Expected satiety is a key element in predicting meal portion size and food consumption; however, how this can be affected by different breakfast portion sizes is unknown. The study examined the impact of different breakfast portions on satiety, portion size, and energy intake and comprised an online survey and an experimental intervention. Sixteen adults (9 women, BMI: 24.9 ± 4.3 kg/m²) rated images of three portion sizes (small, standard, large) of the same breakfast using an ordinal scale. Subsequently, they were asked to self-prepare and consume ad libitum the three breakfast portions in a randomised order on different days and to complete a food diary. Satiety and portion size perception were re-measured upon consumption of each breakfast. For both the visual image and breakfast consumption, the small breakfast portion was rated as the smallest and least filling, while the large portion was rated as the largest and most filling (p < 0.05). When consuming the small breakfast, participants reported being hungrier and less full between breakfast and lunch (p < 0.05) and had a higher energy intake from lunch onward, due to more snacking (p < 0.05). However, the total daily energy intake was not different among the three breakfast portion sizes. Individuals seemed accustomed to predicting satiety and portion size from images. The consumption of the small breakfast was judged as not filling enough and was accompanied by a higher energy intake via energy-dense snacks. Based on these preliminary findings, breakfast size reduction may lead to unhealthy compensatory energy intake by snacking on energy-dense foods.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"229-238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12147059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Impact Database Development for Sweeteners and Sweetness Enhancers: The SWEET Project.","authors":"Corey E Scott, Nikoleta Stamataki, Joanne A Harrold, Anne Raben, Jason C G Halford","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70006","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nbu.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sweeteners and sweetness enhancers (S&SEs) are ingredients used in foods and beverages to reduce sugar while providing the sweetness of sugar with little to no calories. Although S&SEs have global regulatory approval and acceptance, questions remain regarding their overall safety and efficacy. Information on the effects of S&SEs in regard to health and efficacy can be found in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that exist in peer-reviewed literature. With the large number of RCT publications on various S&SEs, a need exists to organise and collect each of the published studies in a useful database. Currently, a database containing human clinical information on S&SEs does not exist and so The SWEET project has created a publicly available and comprehensive Health Impact Database that includes available human clinical information on sweeteners. This paper describes the process and development of a database that collects comprehensive information on published human clinical studies evaluating S&SEs between the years January 2000 and September 2024. Ovid Medline was used to search for RCT publications from the year 2000 to 2024. The search produced 1538 publications, of which 257 complied with the predetermined eligibility criteria. There was a large variability in the number of studies that fit the inclusion criteria. For example, some S&SEs had numerous studies (i.e., sucralose, n = 63 eligible publications) and some S&SEs had no publications that fit the criteria (aspartame-acesulfame K salt and neohesperidine DC). The Health Impact Database is located at https://sweetproject.eu/HIdatabase and is contained in Microsoft Excel spreadsheets which are organised by health impact criteria. This database will be a useful tool for researchers as it provides comprehensive information on human clinical studies on S&SEs that can be leveraged as a general resource and for systematic reviews and meta-analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"340-344"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12147055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction of Genetics and Dietary Patterns Scored by the High Healthy Eating Index in Hyperhomocysteinaemia Influencing Cardiovascular Disease Risk.","authors":"Sunmin Park, Suna Kang","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70007","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nbu.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyperhomocysteinaemia has been associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, but the complex interplay between genetic determinants and modifiable lifestyle factors in modulating homocysteine (HC) levels remains incompletely understood. We aimed to investigate the aetiology of hyperhomocysteinaemia by examining the interactions between genetic predisposition, dietary patterns and other lifestyle factors and their potential associations with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and CVD risk. Cross-sectional analysis from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, a hospital-based cohort conducted by the Korean Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 2012 to 2016. Korean adults (n = 62 743, aged 40-79 years) were categorised into Low-HC (n = 53 450) and High-HC (n = 9293) groups based on a 15 μM serum homocysteine cutoff. Demographic, anthropometric and biochemical data were analysed. Genome-wide association and gene-environment interaction models explored genetic variants influencing hyperhomocysteinaemia and their interplay with lifestyle factors, including nutrient intake. Multivariable logistic regression assessed associations between hyperhomocysteinaemia and metabolic/CVD risks, adjusting for covariates. Genetic variant-environment interaction analyses identified genetic determinants and their interactions with diet/lifestyle. The High-HC group exhibited an elevated MetS risk. Hyperhomocysteinaemia was correlated with liver damage, inflammation and CVD risks. Low vitamin B12 intake (< 5.4 μg/day) showed a stronger association with hyperhomocysteinaemia than low folate intake (< 350 μg/day), with combined deficiencies exacerbating hyperhomocysteinaemia. An inverse relationship was observed between hyperhomocysteinaemia and healthy eating indices like Asian balanced and plant-based diets. Variants in MTHFR, NOX4, PLOD1, MIIP, PAX6 and CBS genes, involved in methionine/cysteine metabolism, exhibited differential expression in skeletal muscle, liver and adipose tissues. High polygenic risk scores interacted with poor diet quality, excess energy intake, a high glycemic index, smoking and heavy alcohol consumption to contribute to hyperhomocysteinaemia. In conclusion, these findings elucidate the complex interplay between genetics, diet and lifestyle in modulating homocysteine levels, providing insights for personalised nutrition strategies to mitigate CVD risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"311-325"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144017120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Athletes Cook? A Systematic Scoping Review of Culinary Nutrition in Athletes.","authors":"Rachael Camp, Oliver C Witard, Michèle Renard, Ciarán Ó Catháin, Fiona Lavelle","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nbu.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Applied sports nutrition is fundamental to athlete health, performance and training adaptation; hence, culinary skills are paramount to meet physiological demands. With the decline in domestic cooking, culinary nutrition has emerged as a priority for research and education. However, limited information exists regarding culinary research in athletes. The aim of this scoping review was to collate, map and overview the current body of literature regarding culinary nutrition in athletes while also identifying existing knowledge gaps. The PRISMA-ScR guidelines were used. Five electronic databases were searched in March 2023. Data extraction was conducted using a custom form. A critical appraisal was undertaken, data were charted in narrative and numerical format, and thematic analysis was conducted mapping relationships between studies and identifying knowledge gaps. Seven primary research studies were included, two qualitative and five quantitative study designs, with only one randomised controlled trial. Four studies were conducted in North America and four studies included athletes from multiple sports. Delivery, content and duration of interventions varied, with limited detail provided in most studies. All intervention studies included a practical culinary element. The use of validated measurement tools was limited. One study received a positive rating in the critical appraisal. Culinary nutrition research in athletes is grossly limited and warrants further investigation. Specifically, a focus on methodological issues is required to improve the quality of evidence, with the inclusion of well-designed studies, use of validated measurement tools, implementation of clear theoretical frameworks and clear intervention descriptions to assist in strengthening the culinary nutrition research field.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary fats and cardiometabolic health-from public health to personalised nutrition: 'One for all' and 'all for one'.","authors":"Julie Anne Lovegrove","doi":"10.1111/nbu.12722","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nbu.12722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper provides a summary of the 2023 British Nutrition Foundation Annual Lecture by Professor Julie Lovegrove. Professor Lovegrove is the head of the Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition at the University of Reading. Professor Lovegrove, who was nominated for the BNF Prize for her outstanding contribution to nutritional sciences has published over 300 scientific papers and made a major contribution to establishing the relevance of dietary fat quality in the development and prevention of cardiometabolic disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"132-141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11815623/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radium levels in Brazil nuts: A review of the literature.","authors":"Christian Koeder, Markus Keller","doi":"10.1111/nbu.12717","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nbu.12717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brazil nuts are well known for their extraordinarily high selenium content. For this reason, they are frequently recommended as a kind of natural selenium 'supplement', particularly for certain population groups such as vegetarians and vegans in regions with low soil selenium levels. Typically, an intake of one or two Brazil nuts per day is recommended. Brazil nuts, however, also stand out from other nuts in terms of their high (albeit highly variable) radium content. The radium isotopes Ra-226 and Ra-228 emit alpha- and beta-radiation, with this type of radiation being particularly harmful when ingested. Consequently, it is important to consider radium levels in Brazil nuts before formulating recommendations for a long-term, daily intake of these nuts. To date, however, no comprehensive overview of radium levels in Brazil nuts has been published. Therefore, a literature review without time or language restrictions was conducted, including unpublished original data from Germany. The literature review (including the German data) indicated mean Ra-226 and Ra-228 levels of 49 (range: 17-205) mBq/g and 67 (range: 12-235) mBq/g, respectively. Assuming a consistent daily intake of one or two Brazil nuts, this would result in an effective dose of ~88-220 μSv/year. This level of exposure appears to be neither clearly harmful nor clearly harmless. As increased radioactivity exposure (at least at higher doses) is associated with increased cancer risk, randomised controlled trials assessing the effect of Brazil nuts on cancer risk biomarkers are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11815606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High school athletes' practical knowledge on where to find and order third-party tested nutritional supplements increases after education when compared to a control group.","authors":"Emily Dow, Kinta D Schott, Lindsay Morton, Hannah Lybbert, Kahyun Nam, Colin Shumate, Pamela Kulinna, Floris C Wardenaar","doi":"10.1111/nbu.12724","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nbu.12724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To promote safe supplement use, athletes are advised to choose third-party tested (TPT) supplements to minimise doping risk. This study evaluated changes in knowledge on supplements in US high school athletes from a 2-week online supplement education programme. One group of sophomores (ED, n = 48) completed a Canvas course on safe supplement use, based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour, while the other group of freshmen (NOED, n = 38) did not. Participants completed questionnaires pre- and post-intervention to assess practical knowledge of finding and ordering TPT supplements, familiarity with World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) banned substances and decision-making in supplement purchasing. Chi-Square and McNemar tests were applied with significance set at p ≤ 0.05. Pre-intervention no differences were found between groups (ages 14-17 years, 39.5% female) for any knowledge questions (p = 0.18). Post-intervention, ED participants were more likely to know where to find (58.3% vs. 39.5%, p = 0.041), and order (62.5% vs. 28.9%, p = 0.001) TPT supplements, and more athletes in ED (72.9%) than NOED (40.0%) reported deciding to purchase supplements themselves (p = 0.015). Parents were less influential in ED (75.0% vs. 92.1%, p = 0.019). Importantly, positive changes over time were larger for ED versus NOED in knowing where to find (28% vs. 13%, p = 0.04) and order (28% vs. 7%, p < 0.001) TPT supplements and WADA familiarity (19% vs. 5%, p = 0.01). Within-group changes showed ED improved on all practical knowledge questions (p = <0.001-0.008), whereas NOED only increased in knowing where to find TPT supplements (p = 0.003). These findings suggest an online educational programme may enhance practical knowledge of safe supplement use among high school athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"106-119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher cost of gluten-free products compared to gluten-containing equivalents is mainly attributed to staple foods.","authors":"Eirini Bathrellou, Vasiliki Bountziouka, Despoina Lamprou, Evanthia Fragedaki, Eleftheria Papachristou, Frank Vriesekoop, Meropi D Kontogianni","doi":"10.1111/nbu.12716","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nbu.12716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The high cost of gluten-free products (GFPs) is being discussed as a potential barrier to adherence to a gluten-free diet, rendering monitoring of their pricing an ongoing demand in a market subject to continuous fluctuations. The current study aimed to assess the current pricing status of GFPs in the Greek retail market, with a focus on differences between staple and non-staple foods. The retail price and packaging weight of all available GFPs and their gluten-containing (GCPs) counterparts of a GFP-shopping basket (formulated based on the results of a preceding online survey) were recorded by visiting one store of the five most popular reported supermarket chains. The food categories were grouped into staple (e.g. breads, pasta and flours) and non-staple (e.g. chips, sweets and sauces) foods. Adjusting for supermarket chain and product type, a quantile mixed regression model was applied to assess the extent to which median product price (per 100 g) differed between GFPs and GCPs. The unique products recorded were 1058 (of which 408 GFPs), with a total of 2165 retail price recordings. While the overall median price/100 g of GFPs was not found to be significantly different from that of GCPs, the median price of staple GFPs was estimated to be higher than staple GCPs (+€1.03 [95% CI: €0.93; €1.13] per 100 g), whilst that of non-staple GFPs was slightly lower (-€0.20 [95% CI: -€0.37; -€0.02] per 100 g). In conclusion, the persisting higher cost of staple GFPs suggests the need for ongoing financial support for people with coeliac disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"44-51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11815601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}