{"title":"Classification and Separation of Audio and Music Signals","authors":"A. Al-Shoshan","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.94940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94940","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter addresses the topic of classification and separation of audio and music signals. It is a very important and a challenging research area. The importance of classification process of a stream of sounds come up for the sake of building two different libraries: speech library and music library. However, the separation process is needed sometimes in a cocktail-party problem to separate speech from music and remove the undesired one. In this chapter, some existed algorithms for the classification process and the separation process are presented and discussed thoroughly. The classification algorithms will be divided into three categories. The first category includes most of the real time approaches. The second category includes most of the frequency domain approaches. However, the third category introduces some of the approaches in the time-frequency distribution. The approaches of time domain discussed in this chapter are the short-time energy (STE), the zero-crossing rate (ZCR), modified version of the ZCR and the STE with positive derivative, the neural networks, and the roll-off variance. The approaches of the frequency spectrum are specifically the roll-off of the spectrum, the spectral centroid and the variance of the spectral centroid, the spectral flux and the variance of the spectral flux, the cepstral residual, and the delta pitch. The time-frequency domain approaches have not been yet tested thoroughly in the process of classification and separation of audio and music signals. Therefore, the spectrogram and the evolutionary spectrum will be introduced and discussed. In addition, some algorithms for separation and segregation of music and audio signals, like the independent Component Analysis, the pitch cancelation and the artificial neural networks will be introduced.","PeriodicalId":48501,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval","volume":"58 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83411524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A study of classification and feature extraction techniques for brain tumor detection","authors":"Vatika Jalali, Dapinder Kaur","doi":"10.1007/s13735-020-00199-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13735-020-00199-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48501,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval","volume":"9 1","pages":"271 - 290"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2020-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88241357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"State of the journal","authors":"M. Lew","doi":"10.1007/s13735-020-00201-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13735-020-00201-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48501,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval","volume":"44 1","pages":"229 - 229"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2020-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86706776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent advances in local feature detector and descriptor: a literature survey","authors":"Khushbu Joshi, Manish I. Patel","doi":"10.1007/s13735-020-00200-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13735-020-00200-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48501,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval","volume":"32 1","pages":"231 - 247"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72683984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent trends in image watermarking techniques for copyright protection: a survey","authors":"Arkadip Ray, S. Roy","doi":"10.1007/s13735-020-00197-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13735-020-00197-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48501,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval","volume":"59 1","pages":"249 - 270"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87036469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Generative adversarial networks: a survey on applications and challenges","authors":"M. P. Pavan Kumar, P. Jayagopal","doi":"10.1007/s13735-020-00196-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13735-020-00196-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48501,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval","volume":"168 1","pages":"1 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72743662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Ortega, M. Halicek, H. Fabelo, E. Quevedo, B. Fei, G. Callicó
{"title":"Information Extraction Techniques in Hyperspectral Imaging Biomedical Applications","authors":"S. Ortega, M. Halicek, H. Fabelo, E. Quevedo, B. Fei, G. Callicó","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.93960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93960","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a technology able to measure information about the spectral reflectance or transmission of light from the surface. The spectral data, usually within the ultraviolet and infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, provide information about the interaction between light and different materials within the image. This fact enables the identification of different materials based on such spectral information. In recent years, this technology is being actively explored for clinical applications. One of the most relevant challenges in medical HSI is the information extraction, where image processing methods are used to extract useful information for disease detection and diagnosis. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the information extraction techniques for HSI. First, we introduce the background of HSI, and the main motivations of its usage for medical applications. Second, we present information extraction techniques based on both light propagation models within tissue and machine learning approaches. Then, we survey the usage of such information extraction techniques in HSI biomedical research applications. Finally, we discuss the main advantages and disadvantages of the most commonly used image processing approaches and the current challenges in HSI information extraction techniques in clinical applications.","PeriodicalId":48501,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2020-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77974562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiple-Image Fusion Encryption (MIFE) Using Discrete Cosine Transformation (DCT) and Pseudo Random Number Generators","authors":"Lee Mariel Heucheun Yepdia, A. Tiedeu, Z. Lachiri","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.92369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92369","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter proposes a new multiple-image encryption algorithm based on spectral fusion of watermarked images and new chaotic generators. Logistic-May (LM), May-Gaussian (MG), and Gaussian-Gompertz (GG) were used as chaotic generators for their good properties in order to correct the flaws of 1D chaotic maps (Logistic, May, Gaussian, Gompertz) when used individually. Firstly, the discrete cosine transformation (DCT) and the low-pass filter of appropriate sizes are used to combine the target watermarked images in the spectral domain in two different multiplex images. Secondly, each of the two images is concatenated into blocks of small size, which are mixed by changing their position following the order generated by a chaotic sequence from the Logistic-May system (LM). Finally, the fusion of both scrambled images is achieved by a nonlinear mathematical expression based on Cramer’s rule to obtain two hybrid encrypted images. Then, after the decryption step, the hidden message can be retrieved from the watermarked image without any loss. The security analysis and experimental simulations confirmed that the proposed algorithm has a good encryption performance; it can encrypt a large number of images combined with text, of different types while maintaining a reduced Mean Square Error (MSE) after decryption.","PeriodicalId":48501,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77621833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A survey on instance segmentation: state of the art","authors":"A. M. Hafiz, G. M. Bhat","doi":"10.1007/s13735-020-00195-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13735-020-00195-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48501,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Multimedia Information Retrieval","volume":"2 1","pages":"171 - 189"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2020-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73145525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}