Insect Systematics and Diversity最新文献_第8页

UCE Phylogenomics Resolves Major Relationships Among Ectaheteromorph Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ectatomminae, Heteroponerinae): A New Classification For the Subfamilies and the Description of a New Genus UCE系统基因组学解决了异形蚁(膜翅目:蚁科:异形蚁科，异形蚁科)之间的主要关系:亚科的新分类和新属的描述

IF 3.4 1区农林科学

Insect Systematics and Diversity Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/isd/ixab026

G. P. Camacho, W. Franco, M. Branstetter, M. Pie, J. Longino, T. R. Schultz, R. M. Feitosa

{"title":"UCE Phylogenomics Resolves Major Relationships Among Ectaheteromorph Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ectatomminae, Heteroponerinae): A New Classification For the Subfamilies and the Description of a New Genus","authors":"G. P. Camacho, W. Franco, M. Branstetter, M. Pie, J. Longino, T. R. Schultz, R. M. Feitosa","doi":"10.1093/isd/ixab026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixab026","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Uncovering the evolutionary history of the subfamilies Ectatomminae and Heteroponerinae, or ectaheteromorphs, is key to understanding a major branch of the ant tree of life. Despite their diversity and ecological importance, phylogenetic relationships in the group have not been well explored. One particularly suitable tool for resolving phylogeny is the use of ultraconserved elements (UCEs), which have been shown to be ideal markers at a variety of evolutionary time scales. In the present study, we enriched and sequenced 2,127 UCEs from 135 specimens of ectaheteromorph ants and investigated phylogeny using a variety of model-based phylogenomic methods.Trees recovered from partitioned maximum-likelihood and species-tree analyses were well resolved and largely congruent.The results are consistent with an expanded concept of Ectatomminae that now includes the subfamily Heteroponerinae new synonym and its single tribe Heteroponerini new combination. Eleven monophyletic groups are recognized as genera: Acanthoponera, Alfaria status revived, Boltonia Camacho and Feitosa new genus, Ectatomma, Gnamptogenys, Heteroponera, Holcoponera status revived, Poneracantha status revived, Rhytidoponera, Stictoponera status revived, and Typhlomyrmex.The new phylogenetic framework and classification proposed here will shed light on the study of Ectatomminae taxonomy and systematics, as well as on the morphological evolution of the groups that it comprises.","PeriodicalId":48498,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics and Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47173910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

The Male Hindwing Costal Roll in Cochylina (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae): Morphological Variation, Phylogenetic Distribution, and Relationship to Host Utilization Cochylina雄性后翅Costal Roll的形态变异、系统发育分布及其与寄主利用的关系

IF 3.4 1区农林科学

Insect Systematics and Diversity Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/isd/ixab030

J. P. Pérez Santa-Rita, John W. Brown, J. Baixeras

引用次数: 2

UCE Phylogenomics of New World Cryptopone (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Elucidates Genus Boundaries, Species Boundaries, and the Vicariant History of a Temperate–Tropical Disjunction 新世界隐翅目昆虫的UCE系统基因组学（膜翅目：蚁科）阐明了属界、种界和温带-热带分裂的近变历史

IF 3.4 1区农林科学

Insect Systematics and Diversity Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/isd/ixab031

M. Branstetter, J. Longino

{"title":"UCE Phylogenomics of New World Cryptopone (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Elucidates Genus Boundaries, Species Boundaries, and the Vicariant History of a Temperate–Tropical Disjunction","authors":"M. Branstetter, J. Longino","doi":"10.1093/isd/ixab031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixab031","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The genus Cryptopone Emery contains 25 species of litter and soil ants, 5 of which occur in the Americas. Cryptopone gilva (Roger) occurs in the southeastern United States and cloud forests of Mesoamerica, exhibiting an uncommon biogeographic disjunction observed most often in plants. We used phylogenomic data from ultraconserved elements (UCEs), as well as mitogenomes and legacy markers, to investigate phylogenetic relationships, species boundaries, and divergence dates among New World Cryptopone. Species delimitation was conducted using a standard approach and then tested using model-based molecular methods (SNAPP, BPP, SODA, and bPTP). We found that Cryptopone as currently constituted is polyphyletic, and that all the South American species belong to Wadeura Weber, a separate genus unrelated to Cryptopone. A single clade of true Cryptopone occurs in the Americas, restricted to North and Central America. This clade is composed of four species that originated ~4.2 million years ago. One species from the mountains of Guatemala is sister to the other three, favoring a vicariance hypothesis of diversification. The taxonomy of the New World Cryptopone and Wadeura is revised. Taxonomic changes are as follows: Wadeura Weber is resurrected, with new combinations W. guianensis Weber, W. holmgreni (Wheeler), and W. pauli (Fernandes & Delabie); C. guatemalensis (Forel) (rev. stat.) is raised to species and includes C. obsoleta (Menozzi) (syn. nov.). The following new species are described: Cryptopone gilvagrande, C. gilvatumida, and Wadeura holmgrenita. Cryptopone hartwigi Arnold is transferred to Fisheropone Schmidt and Shattuck (n. comb.). Cryptopone mirabilis (Mackay & Mackay 2010) is a junior synonym of Centromyrmex brachycola (Roger) (syn. nov.).","PeriodicalId":48498,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics and Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48564778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

High-Throughput Sequencing for Life-History Sorting and for Bridging Reference Sequences in Marine Gerromorpha (Insecta: Heteroptera) 海洋Gerromorpha生活史分类和桥接参考序列的高通量测序(昆虫亚目:异翅目)

IF 3.4 1区农林科学

Insect Systematics and Diversity Pub Date : 2021-12-23 DOI: 10.1093/isd/ixab024

Jia Jin Marc Chang, Yin Cheong Aden Ip, Lanna Cheng, Ismael Kunning, Ralph R. Mana, Benjamin J. Wainwright, Danwei Huang

{"title":"High-Throughput Sequencing for Life-History Sorting and for Bridging Reference Sequences in Marine Gerromorpha (Insecta: Heteroptera)","authors":"Jia Jin Marc Chang, Yin Cheong Aden Ip, Lanna Cheng, Ismael Kunning, Ralph R. Mana, Benjamin J. Wainwright, Danwei Huang","doi":"10.1093/isd/ixab024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixab024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Accurate identification and association of larval specimens with adults is a major challenge in insect taxonomy. Fortunately, it is now possible for nonexperts to sort collections of bulk samples with DNA barcodes rapidly and cost-effectively. We demonstrate this process using nanopore barcoding of 757 marine insects (Insecta: Gerromorpha), of which 81% were nymphs and many samples did not have co-occurring adult males for specific identification. We successfully associated 738 specimens (97%) to nine gerromorphan species, which would have been impossible to identify using morphological characters alone. This improved ability to incorporate information from all life-history stages has led to greater precision of species distributional ranges—knowledge that will be crucial for a more complete understanding of marine insects. We also highlighted two distinct, nonoverlapping Gerromorpha COI sequence databases on GenBank—a consequence of using two different primer sets to amplify different regions of COI. This issue inevitably hinders species identification with DNA-based methods, particularly for poorly represented groups such as marine insects. We bridged these databases by analyzing full-length COI sequences. We believe this will inspire future studies to incorporate DNA-based methods for more adult–larval association studies and for enhancing existing genetic resources, especially in understudied groups.","PeriodicalId":48498,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics and Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44125967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The Genealogical Divergence Index Across a Speciation Continuum in Hercules Beetles 大力神甲虫在一个形态连续体上的谱系分化指数

IF 3.4 1区农林科学

Insect Systematics and Diversity Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/isd/ixab021

Jen-Pan Huang

{"title":"The Genealogical Divergence Index Across a Speciation Continuum in Hercules Beetles","authors":"Jen-Pan Huang","doi":"10.1093/isd/ixab021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixab021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The genealogical divergence index (gdi) was developed to aid in molecular species delimitation under the multispecies coalescent model, which has been shown to delimit genetic structures but not necessarily species. Although previous studies have used meta-analyses to show that gdi could be informative for distinguishing taxonomically good species, the biological and evolutionary implications of divergences showing different gdi values have yet to be studied. I showed that an increase in gdi value was correlated with later stages of divergence further along a speciation continuum in an Amazonian Hercules beetle system. Specifically, a gdi value of 0.7 or higher was associated with diverge between biological species that can coexist in geographic proximity while maintaining their evolutionary independence. Divergences between allopatric species that were conventionally given subspecific status, such as geographic taxa that may or may not be morphologically divergent, had gdi values that fell within the species delimitation ambiguous zone (0.2 < gdi < 0.7). However, the results could be drastically affected by the sampling design, i.e., the choice of different geographic populations and the lumping of distinct genetic groups when running the analyses. Different gdi values may prove to be biologically and evolutionarily informative should additional speciation continua from different empirical systems be investigated, and the results obtained may help with objectively delimiting species in the era of integrative taxonomy.","PeriodicalId":48498,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics and Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48371976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Broadly Distributed but Genetically Fragmented: Demographic Consequences of Pleistocene Climatic Oscillations in a Common Iberian Grasshopper 广泛分布但基因碎片化:伊比利亚蚱蜢更新世气候振荡的人口统计结果

IF 3.4 1区农林科学

Insect Systematics and Diversity Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/isd/ixab009

J. Ortego, V. Noguerales, Vanina Tonzo, María José González‐Serna, P. J. Cordero

{"title":"Broadly Distributed but Genetically Fragmented: Demographic Consequences of Pleistocene Climatic Oscillations in a Common Iberian Grasshopper","authors":"J. Ortego, V. Noguerales, Vanina Tonzo, María José González‐Serna, P. J. Cordero","doi":"10.1093/isd/ixab009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixab009","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Although the genetic consequences of contemporary landscape composition and range shifts driven Pleistocene climatic oscillations have been studied fairly well in alpine organisms, we know much less about how these factors have shaped the demography of taxa with broader climatic niches and distributions. Here, we use high-throughput sequencing data to study the processes underlying spatial patterns of genomic variation in Omocestus panteli (Bolívar, 1887) (Orthoptera: Acrididae), a common Iberian grasshopper distributed across numerous habitat types and a wide elevational range (from sea level to >2,000 m). Although the species is broadly distributed, our analyses support that its contemporary populations show significant genetic fragmentation that dates back to the last glacial period. Accordingly, spatially explicit testing of alternative gene flow scenarios and demographic inference analyses revealed that genetic differentiation between populations and their long-term effective population sizes are best explained by the spatial configuration of environmentally suitable habitats during the last glacial maximum (ca. 21 ka). At that time, the species experienced net demographic expansions but interspersed unsuitable areas might have disrupted gene flow and created opportunity for geographical diversification. Collectively, our analyses indicate that the genetic makeup of contemporary populations is not well explained by current environmental factors or geographical barriers to dispersal but mostly reflects genetic fragmentation during the last glacial period followed by postglacial admixture among previously isolated gene pools. Taken together, these results support that the Pleistocene ‘species pump’ model might be also useful in explaining demographic dynamics and geographical diversification in taxa characterized by broad climatic niches.","PeriodicalId":48498,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics and Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46394694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Vision-Linked Traits Associated With Antenna Size and Foraging Ecology Across Ants 与触角大小和蚂蚁觅食生态相关的视觉相关特征

IF 3.4 1区农林科学

Insect Systematics and Diversity Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/isd/ixab020

Chloe Jelley, Phillip Barden

{"title":"Vision-Linked Traits Associated With Antenna Size and Foraging Ecology Across Ants","authors":"Chloe Jelley, Phillip Barden","doi":"10.1093/isd/ixab020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixab020","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Visual systems in animals often conspicuously reflect the demands of their ecological interactions. Ants occupy a wide range of terrestrial microhabitats and ecological roles. Additionally, ant eye morphology is highly variable; species range from eyeless subterranean-dwellers to highly visual predators or desert navigators. Through a comparative approach spanning 64 species, we evaluated the relationship between ecology and eye morphology on a wide taxonomic scale. Using worker caste specimens, we developed two- and three-dimensional measurements to quantify eye morphology and position, as well as antennal scape length. Surprisingly, we find limited associations between ecology and most eye traits, however, we recover significant relationships between antennal scape length and some vision-linked attributes. While accounting for shared ancestry, we find that two- and three-dimensional eye area is correlated with foraging niche and ommatidia density is significantly associated with trophic level in our sample of ant taxa. Perhaps signifying a resource investment tradeoff between visual and olfactory or tactile acuity, we find that ommatidia density is negatively correlated with antennal scape length. Additionally, we find that eye position is significantly related to antennal scape length and also report a positive correlation between scape length and eye height, which may be related to the shared developmental origin of these structures. Along with previously known relationships between two-dimensional eye size and ant ecology, our results join reports from other organismal lineages suggesting that morphological traits with intuitive links to ecology may also be shaped by developmental restrictions and energetic trade-offs.","PeriodicalId":48498,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics and Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47500826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Phylogenomic Variation at the Population-Species Interface and Assessment of Gigantism in a Model Wolf Spider Genus (Lycosidae, Schizocosa) 一种模式狼蛛属(裂蛛科，狼蛛科)种群-种界面的系统基因组变异及巨人症的评估

IF 3.4 1区农林科学

Insect Systematics and Diversity Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/isd/ixab016

James Starrett, Ashley Bui, Rowan H. McGinley, E. Hebets, J. Bond

{"title":"Phylogenomic Variation at the Population-Species Interface and Assessment of Gigantism in a Model Wolf Spider Genus (Lycosidae, Schizocosa)","authors":"James Starrett, Ashley Bui, Rowan H. McGinley, E. Hebets, J. Bond","doi":"10.1093/isd/ixab016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixab016","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Animal body size has important evolutionary implications. The wolf spider genus Schizocosa Chamberlin, 1904 has developed as a model for studies on courtship, with visual and vibratory signals receiving attention; however, body size has never been carefully evaluated. Although species of Schizocosa can be distinguished from their close relatives by differences in genitalic structures, male ornamentation, and behavior, some species are morphologically similar, making diagnosis, and identification difficult. Evaluation of species boundaries using genetic data across Schizocosa is limited. The similar species S. maxima Dondale & Redner, 1978 and S. mccooki (Montgomery, 1904) are separated predominantly on the basis of size differences, with S. maxima being larger. We evaluate the evolution of size in these two Schizocosa species distributed in western North America, where gigantism of S. maxima is hypothesized to occur, particularly in California. We sampled subgenomic data (RADseq) and inferred the phylogeny of S. mccooki, S. maxima, and relatives. We apply a variational autoencoder machine learning approach to visualize population structuring within widespread S. mccooki and evaluate size within the context of a comparative phylogenetic framework to test the hypotheses related to genetic clustering of populations and gigantism. Our data show S. mccooki populations are not genealogically exclusive with respect to S. maxima. Likewise, S. maxima individuals are not recovered as a lineage and do not form an isolated genetic cluster, suggesting that the observed differences in size cannot be used to accurately delimit species. The cause of gigantism in S. maxima remains unexplained, but provides a framework for future studies of size variation and speciation.","PeriodicalId":48498,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics and Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44548921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Divergence in Body Mass, Wing Loading, and Population Structure Reveals Species-Specific and Potentially Adaptive Trait Variation Across Elevations in Montane Bumble Bees 体重、翅膀负荷和种群结构的差异揭示了山地大黄蜂在海拔高度上的物种特异性和潜在适应性特征变化

IF 3.4 1区农林科学

Insect Systematics and Diversity Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/isd/ixab012

Jeffrey D. Lozier, Zachary M Parsons, Lois Rachoki, J. Jackson, Meaghan L Pimsler, K. Oyen, J. Strange, M. Dillon

{"title":"Divergence in Body Mass, Wing Loading, and Population Structure Reveals Species-Specific and Potentially Adaptive Trait Variation Across Elevations in Montane Bumble Bees","authors":"Jeffrey D. Lozier, Zachary M Parsons, Lois Rachoki, J. Jackson, Meaghan L Pimsler, K. Oyen, J. Strange, M. Dillon","doi":"10.1093/isd/ixab012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixab012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Biogeographic clines in morphology along environmental gradients can illuminate forces influencing trait evolution within and between species. Latitude has long been studied as a driver of morphological clines, with a focus on body size and temperature. However, counteracting environmental pressures may impose constraints on body size. In montane landscapes, declines in air density with elevation can negatively impact flight performance in volant species, which may contribute to selection for reduced body mass despite declining temperatures. We examine morphology in two bumble bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombus Latreille) species, Bombus vancouverensis Cresson and Bombus vosnesenskii Radoszkowski, across mountainous regions of California, Oregon, and Washington, United States. We incorporate population genomic data to investigate the relationship between genomic ancestry and morphological divergence. We find that B. vancouverensis, which tends to be more specialized for high elevations, exhibits stronger spatial-environmental variation, being smaller in the southern and higher elevation parts of its range and having reduced wing loading (mass relative to wing area) at high elevations. Bombus vosnesenskii, which is more of an elevational generalist, has substantial trait variation, but spatial-environmental correlations are weak. Population structure is stronger in the smaller B. vancouverensis, and we find a significant association between elevation and wing loading after accounting for genetic structure, suggesting the possibility of local adaptation for this flight performance trait. Our findings suggest that some conflicting results for body size trends may stem from distinct environmental pressures that impact different aspects of bumble bee ecology, and that different species show different morphological clines in the same region.","PeriodicalId":48498,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics and Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48509761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

The Phylogeographic Shortfall in Hexapods: A Lot of Leg Work Remaining 六足类动物的系统发育缺陷：还有很多工作要做

IF 3.4 1区农林科学

Insect Systematics and Diversity Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/isd/ixab015

Jordan D. Satler, B. Carstens, R. Garrick, A. Espíndola

{"title":"The Phylogeographic Shortfall in Hexapods: A Lot of Leg Work Remaining","authors":"Jordan D. Satler, B. Carstens, R. Garrick, A. Espíndola","doi":"10.1093/isd/ixab015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixab015","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the 21st century, phylogeography has experienced dramatic growth in the data and methods used by the field. Insect (more generally, hexapod) phylogeography has contributed to major advances and many of the influential papers included hexapods as model systems. In this literature review, we: (i) highlight recent phylogeographic work in hexapod systems, and (ii) identify broader trends and critical future steps in the field. We include a summary of useful methodological approaches and identify the methods used to approach different questions asked in phylogeographic studies. An updated summary of the applications that phylogeography has contributed to the field of entomology, including spatial studies, conservation, systematics, pest control, and invasive species, is included to highlight vital work in the field. Special attention is devoted to investigations which seek to use multi-species data to understand community ecological and evolutionary processes. Finally, we overview the main challenges, opportunities, and emerging areas, highlighting the “phylogeographic shortfall” that exists between the number of described hexapod species vs. the number of species that have been the focus of phylogeographic investigation.","PeriodicalId":48498,"journal":{"name":"Insect Systematics and Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45293170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7