International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources最新文献_第4页

Opportunities and challenges for small-scale aquaculture: The stakeholders’ perspective in Los Lagos Region-Chile 小规模水产养殖的机遇与挑战:智利洛斯拉各斯地区利益相关者的观点

IF 1 4区农林科学

International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.7764/ijanr.v48i3.2316

H. Albers, M. Baquedano, Carlos Chávez, J. Dresdner, Kelly Yubini

{"title":"Opportunities and challenges for small-scale aquaculture: The stakeholders’ perspective in Los Lagos Region-Chile","authors":"H. Albers, M. Baquedano, Carlos Chávez, J. Dresdner, Kelly Yubini","doi":"10.7764/ijanr.v48i3.2316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/ijanr.v48i3.2316","url":null,"abstract":"We identify and explore the potential opportunities and challenges for promoting and expanding small-scale aquaculture (SSA) as an additional income-generating activity for coastal communities in southern Chile. Based on a conceptual model of SSA adoption decisions, we conducted field key informant semistructured interviews with stakeholders in the Los Lagos region and in the regional capital city, Puerto Montt. We conducted a qualitative analysis of the interviews to identify potential resource users’ perceptions of current SSA opportunities. Interpreting the content analysis results through the lens of economic decisions in the conceptual model, we find that weak monitoring and enforcement, difficulties in adapting to new jobs, limited recent spatial planning, constraints on access to marine user rights, and insufficient market development for marine products are among the main obstacles to the adoption of SSA. The stakeholders view SSA as an opportunity to expand marine-based productive activities under the continuous decline in wild fisheries. SSA adoption is perceived as a gradual transition process that requires cultural capital and knowledge, given the lack of familiarity with management and the legal and economic aspects of aquaculture. In contrast to the concerns of potential SSA adopters, government stakeholders emphasize concern over the lack of definitions for SSA, norms, and regulations. We discuss how public policy to promote SSA in Chile could target the key concerns of potential SSA adopters.","PeriodicalId":48477,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71296093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Accumulation of macronutrients and productivity of potato with foliar application of biofertilizer 叶面施磷肥对马铃薯宏量营养素积累及产量的影响

IF 1 4区农林科学

International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.7764/ijanr.v48i2.2269

Lucas Pinheiro Araújo, Roberta Camargos Oliveira, Regina Maria Quintão Lana, José Magno Queiroz Luz, João Paulo Apolinário Guimarães, Erlani Oliveira Alves

{"title":"Accumulation of macronutrients and productivity of potato with foliar application of biofertilizer","authors":"Lucas Pinheiro Araújo, Roberta Camargos Oliveira, Regina Maria Quintão Lana, José Magno Queiroz Luz, João Paulo Apolinário Guimarães, Erlani Oliveira Alves","doi":"10.7764/ijanr.v48i2.2269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/ijanr.v48i2.2269","url":null,"abstract":"The addition of organic compounds to fertilizers has shown positive effects on plant metabolism. This study aimed to evaluate the macronutrient accumulation and productivity of potato with the use of biofertilizer (BF) applied to the leaves. A 2×7 factorial plot with a plot subdivided in time and ten replications used two forms of fertilization: a chemical fertilizer with conventional NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium: control) and conventional fertilizer plus biofertilizers (BF); evaluations were performed 31, 41, 51, 61, 71, 81 and 91 days after planting (DAP) using the Jelly cultivar. The BF increased the maximum N, K, Ca and Mg accumulations in the leaves, especially N and K, with the period of greatest accumulation occurring between 62 and 66 DAP. The accumulations of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in the tubers accelerated from 71 DAP. At the end of the cycle (e.g., 91 DAP), the increases in the nutrient accumulations of N, P, K and Ca were between 30 and 64% higher for the BF application, the Mg accumulations doubled and the S accumulations exhibited no differences between the evaluation periods. For the leaves, the following decreasing sequence of maximum accumulation was observed: K>N>Ca>Mg>S>P. For the tubers, the following decreasing sequence was obtained: K>N>P>Ca>Mg>S. The use of biofertilizers caused higher productivity of tubers of greater caliber and soluble solids contents in the cv. Jelly potato tubers.","PeriodicalId":48477,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71295909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Innovative Rural Entrepreneurship in Chile 智利农村创新创业

IF 1 4区农林科学

International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.7764/ijanr.v48i3.2324

Félix Modrego, William Foster

{"title":"Innovative Rural Entrepreneurship in Chile","authors":"Félix Modrego, William Foster","doi":"10.7764/ijanr.v48i3.2324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/ijanr.v48i3.2324","url":null,"abstract":"Successful policies seeking to promote rural entrepreneurship require a conceptual model consistent with the features of rural spaces and free of stereotypes of entrepreneurship as being only technologically sophisticated. The objective of this essay is, first, to argue that rural areas can be fertile ground for entrepreneurial activities in middle-income countries such as Chile and, second, to discuss policy options to achieve the goal of encouraging a more innovative entrepreneurship in rural areas. The scientific literature on entrepreneurship and the definitions, types and roles of entrepreneurship in development are reviewed. The literature on the location of entrepreneurship is summarized to understand the drivers of observed territorial differences in entrepreneurial activity. One conclusion is that rural areas face a (seemingly) adverse economic geography for entrepreneurship, although there is a recent tendency for amenities-led growth. We then present the geography of rural entrepreneurship in Chile. Contrary to conventional wisdom, the rates of entrepreneurship in Chilean rural areas are high, although presumably of a limited growth potential under current conditions. Nevertheless, this entrepreneurial base provides a stock of knowledge from which a greater sophistication could be reached, and we discuss potential policy approaches to stimulate more innovative rural entrepreneurship. In the case of Chile, available policy options are coherent with the recently enacted National Rural Development Policy. A systemic, amenity-based approach gives middle-income countries opportunities for the development of more innovative rural entrepreneurship through territorial policies that provide local public goods and improve living conditions.","PeriodicalId":48477,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71295959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Description and assessment of a collaborative agricultural extension program adopted under the triple helix model of innovation 创新三螺旋模式下的协同农业推广项目描述与评价

IF 1 4区农林科学

International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.7764/ijanr.v48i3.2315

Sofia Boza, M. Espinoza, R. Pertuzé, Marcos Mora, K. Orellana

{"title":"Description and assessment of a collaborative agricultural extension program adopted under the triple helix model of innovation","authors":"Sofia Boza, M. Espinoza, R. Pertuzé, Marcos Mora, K. Orellana","doi":"10.7764/ijanr.v48i3.2315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/ijanr.v48i3.2315","url":null,"abstract":"The triple helix model (THM) studies the interactions between academia, industry, and government designed to promote entrepreneurship and innovation in a knowledge-based society. This paper shows how agricultural extension works through the THM for inclusive innovation to evaluate its effects on farmers. For this purpose, we analyze the case of Cultiva UChile, a technology transfer center led by the University of Chile that operated from 2016 to 2020 and that was financed by and in cooperation with public sector organizations. Cultiva UChile offered extension services to vegetable growers from the Chilean Central Valley. As our main sources of information, we used internal reports and surveys of 91 farmers who received Cultiva UChile extension services from 2019–2020. A qualitative study of this organization, the actors involved, and the operation and governance of the center and a quantitative analysis of the center’s direct effects adopting descriptive techniques and binary logistic regression were used. The results show strong interactions between actors as the basis of Cultiva UChile and its positive short-term direct effects regardless of farmers’ paths in terms of innovation, cooperation, and investment. These results lead us to conclude that extension services adopted under the THM can be appropriate means to promote inclusive innovation in agriculture.","PeriodicalId":48477,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71296083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Productivity in the Agricultural Sector: A Global Outlook from a Latin American Perspective 农业部门的生产力:从拉丁美洲的角度看全球前景

IF 1 4区农林科学

International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.7764/ijanr.v48i3.2341

Claudio Bravo-Ortega

引用次数: 0

Agroecology: challenges and opportunities for farming in the Anthropocene 农业生态学:人类世农业的挑战与机遇

IF 1 4区农林科学

International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.7764/ijanr.v47i3.2281

M. Altieri, C. Nicholls

引用次数: 36

Controversial topics in agroecology: A European perspective 农业生态学中的争议话题:欧洲视角

IF 1 4区农林科学

International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.7764/ijanr.v47i3.2265

P. Migliorini, P. Bàrberi, S. Bellon, Tommaso Gaifami, V. Gkisakis, A. Peeters, A. Wezel

引用次数: 3