Children and Youth Services Review最新文献

{"title":"The relationships between youth homelessness and offending: A systematic review of the UK literature","authors":"Tara Self ,&nbsp;Helen Miles ,&nbsp;Billy Harding","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>International research has demonstrated that homeless youth are more likely to engage in offending behaviours. This systematic review collates, synthesises, and appraises the academic and grey literature on UK studies reporting associations between youth homelessness and offending behaviours. MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, Social Policy and Practice, Social Care Online, OpenGrey and Google Scholar were searched from 1969 until May 2020. Twenty-two studies met inclusion criteria. Findings indicate that mental illness, having disrupted family relationships, substance misuse, trauma, being a care leaver and gang involvement influence the relationship between youth homeless and offending. Family mediation and supported accommodation were highlighted as useful interventions. It is recommended that local authority provision and accommodation options work in partnership and improve their offer for this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 108032"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organizational constraints on campus support programs: A case for former foster care youth","authors":"Rachael Dominguez,&nbsp;Koji Ueno","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Campus support programs provide targeted services to groups of students throughout their time in college. Some institutions have implemented support programs for former foster care youth, who face lower rates of college retention and graduation than their non-foster peers. These programs must operate within the constraints that colleges and universities impose on them while attempting to maintain program effectiveness. Despite the relevance of the broader university context on campus support program effectiveness, limited studies have examined possible implications of organizational constraints. This study explores organizational constraints and their consequences on campus support programs for former foster care youth. Using an <em>integrated organizational sociology of education framework</em>, we analyzed data from in-depth interviews with 20 program coordinators of campus support programs for former foster care youth across the United States. Results revealed five organizational constraints imposed by the organizational network and structure: <em>limited resource allocation, immobilized information, structural disconnection, conflicting goals, and weak relationships.</em> Our analysis suggests these constraints reinforce each other and undermine program effectiveness.<!--> <!-->We conclude by discussing the need for additional organizational research on campus support programs, arguing that addressing constraints can lead to a more thorough understanding of their consequences on campus support programs for marginalized student groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 108036"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of HIV and STI vulnerabilities and associated factors among street children in Islamabad capital territory, Pakistan","authors":"Amna Mahfooz ,&nbsp;Mariyam Sarfraz ,&nbsp;Anum Waheed ,&nbsp;Tahira Reza ,&nbsp;Khalid Jamil Siddiqui ,&nbsp;Faran Emmanuel","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Pakistan like most developing countries is challenged by the issue of street children, which has not been addressed optimally. This study assessed HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus) and other STI (Sexually transmitted infection) vulnerabilities and its associated factors among street children in Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT) in Pakistan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using an analytical cross-sectional design, structured questionnaires were administered to 450 street children between 12–18 years to explore HIV and STI vulnerabilities (particularly focusing on unprotected sex and injecting drug use). Data were collected by trained interviewers from randomly selected street boys recruited from various street spots. HIV and STI vulnerability were defined as anyone who had unprotected sex and/or had history of injecting drug use. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with HIV and STIs vulnerability. All ethical protocols including taking assent were followed ensuring the safety and protection of all children.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A high level of HIV and STI vulnerability (73%) was reported among street children in ICT. Various factors found to have an independent association with this vulnerability included children of older age (aOR 4.5; 95% CI 2.5 – 8.3), those having higher income [aOR 2.6 (1.4 – 4.8)] for middle income group and [aOR 5.1(2.3–11)] for highest income group, those who work for more than 10 h on the street [aOR 1.9 (1.1–3.3)], initiated work at young age [aOR 2.2 (1.3–3.8)], and children who sleep on the street at night (aOR 1.9; 95% CI 1.0–4.8).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study has highlighted a high level of HIV and STIs vulnerability among street boys in ICT, which underscores the importance of intensified and coordinated efforts for this extremely vulnerable population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 108041"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pedagogical shift and parental mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from the United states","authors":"Lanlan Chu ,&nbsp;Isabel Honzay,&nbsp;Abigail Nachreiner","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The COVID-19 pandemic has presented significant challenges for parents dealing with pedagogical shifts in their children’s education. This study utilizes data from the Household Pulse Survey conducted between April and December 2020 to examine the associations between pedagogical shifts, including class cancellations and distance learning, and the mental health of young and middle-aged parents in the United States during the pandemic. Through multivariate regression analyses, we found that both class cancellations and distance learning were significantly associated with increased parental mental struggles. Notably, class cancellations exhibit a stronger correlation with higher severity of anxiety and depression among parents compared to distance learning. These findings are consistent and robust across alternative models and various mental health measures. Moreover, our heterogeneous analysis indicates that the associations between pedagogical shifts and parental mental health vary based on gender, race, working status, and the political affiliation of the state in which parents reside. Overall, our findings reveal a stronger positive association between pedagogical shifts and mental health struggles among fathers, white parents, individuals who are employed, and those residing in states with Republican leadership. The study highlights the urgent need for policymakers to address the widening mental health disparities among U.S. parents during these challenging times.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 108030"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring leaving-care and post-care experiences: What have helped care leavers in China?","authors":"Shian Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transition out of state out-of-home care is a critical and challenging phase for young individuals with care experience worldwide, yet there is limited understanding of the positive aspects of this transition, particularly in China. This study employs a qualitative research approach to explore the protective factors that facilitate young people’s transition out of care and their adaptation to post-care life. Thematic analysis of semi-structured interview transcripts from 22 care leavers in China highlights the significant role of personal qualities and support from significant others in navigating the challenges at each life stage. Supportive relationships are crucial, providing continuous influence throughout their life journeys. Additionally, the development and strengthening of family and peer networks further enhance young people’s resilience and life satisfaction in the post-care period. However, the study also identifies substantial gaps in formal support structures, underscoring the need for policy and practice innovations to better address the unique needs of care leavers. This research contributes to the understanding of care leavers’ experiences in China and offers insights that may inform the development of more effective support mechanisms to improve their outcomes in adulthood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 108024"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying family engagement priorities in youth residential treatment settings: A group concept mapping study","authors":"Kayla Herbell ,&nbsp;Nathaniel Albright ,&nbsp;Sophie Berger ,&nbsp;Charis Stanek ,&nbsp;Nathan P. Helsabeck","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Residential treatment (RT) settings serve youth with severe mental health challenges, often requiring more intensive intervention than outpatient services. Despite the recognized importance of family engagement in improving youth outcomes, there is limited understanding of which family engagement strategies are most valued within RT settings. This study aimed to develop a framework to enhance family engagement in RT by identifying and prioritizing strategies based on their importance and feasibility. Utilizing group concept mapping (GCM), the study gathered and analyzed data from 40 participants, including family members and RT staff across the United States. Participants brainstormed ideas, sorted them into thematic clusters, and rated them on importance and feasibility. The analysis revealed eight distinct clusters representing critical aspects of family engagement in RT, and 44 strategies were rated highly for both importance and feasibility, emphasizing areas like parent peer support, robust communication, and comprehensive discharge planning. The findings underscore the need for improved communication, greater family involvement as active team members, and extended support during and after discharge from RT. Notably, parent-peer support emerged as a critical component. This research provides a framework for understanding and implementing family engagement strategies in RT settings. The prioritized strategies can inform policy and practice to enhance family support and improve youth outcomes in RT. Future research should focus on the practical application of these strategies and the continued evaluation of their impact on families and youth in RT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 108037"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Support-Oriented schoolwork changes and learning experiences of students with disabilities in terms of wellbeing and academic engagement during the COVID-19 disruption period","authors":"Filiz Kalelioğlu,&nbsp;Sıla Acun Çelik,&nbsp;İmgehan Özkan Elgün","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During the COVID-19 pandemic, school closures worldwide highlighted the existence of certain educational gaps. The sudden and unplanned shift to online learning accentuated challenges including social, emotional, and technical barriers that exacerbated the difficulties experienced by students with disabilities such as limitations on social interaction and technology access. Based on this, the current study aimed to provide a snapshot of the difficulties experienced by students with disabilities during the pandemic from a global perspective, and to explore the impact of different types of support—physical, socioemotional, self-care, and educational—on the academic performance and motivation of students with disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Responses to Educational Disruption Survey (REDS), conducted by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), provided survey data captured from between December 2020 and July 2021 in order to examine the effects of the COVID-19 disruption on students, teachers, and school principals. In total, the study sample was comprised of 3,195 eighth-grade students from 692 schools across five countries who self-reported as having a disability. To address the study’s research questions, certain variables were derived through cluster analysis and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) utilising the items in REDS. R software was employed in this analysis and visualisation, while IBM’s SPSS (version 27.0) was utilised for the verification of assumptions and for conducting hierarchical regression analysis. According to the results, a significant relationship was found to exist between students’ receiving support and experiencing improved progress in certain subjects compared to before COVID-19, as well as increased motivation to complete schoolwork, capacity to plan for schoolwork completion, ability to keep up with schoolwork, and confidence in completing schoolwork. Overall, the most predictive variable affecting the learning experience of students with a disability during the COVID-19 disruption period was derived from their feelings related to the variables of wellbeing and satisfaction, followed by learning progress as an academic engagement variable, and subsequently by schoolwork and feedback.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 108023"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decolonisation, biopolitics and neoliberalism: An Australian study into the problems of legal decision-making","authors":"Ian Warren ,&nbsp;James Beaufils ,&nbsp;Tatiana Corrales","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the importance of decolonisation to counter the ongoing harms of state-sanctioned child removal policies that disproportionately affect First Nations families and communities in Victoria, Australia. Ongoing legacies of structural disadvantage, including drug abuse, mental ill-health, limited and conditional income support, and housing insecurity, are governed through a selective biopolitical vision that has informed child protection policies since colonisation. Family separation is assumed to protect both vulnerable children and the general community. We argue this logic reinforces structural inequalities that place unreasonable burdens on First Nations mothers to engage in ‘desirable’ and responsible parenting. We present current statistics on the over-representation of First Nations children in the Victorian child protection system, then describe how Western notions of biopolitics view family separation as central to protecting children. This approach now invokes neoliberal modes of governing through risk management, rather than supporting vulnerable families. We then briefly describe Victoria’s child protection system, and critically examine key factual and procedural issues emerging from the application of the ‘best interests’ principle in four case studies documenting legal appeals instigated by First Nations families. We conclude by proposing decolonisation as a counterpoint to a governmental rationality that endorses the protection of children through state-sanctioned family separation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 108035"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic family engagement to preserve and reunify families: Lessons from the U.S. and Chile","authors":"Catherine A. LaBrenz ,&nbsp;Irene Salvo Agoglia ,&nbsp;Monica Faulkner","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Family engagement is key to preserving and reunifying child-welfare involved families. Yet, despite legislation that requires child welfare agencies to make “reasonable efforts” in the United States (U.S.) and to restitute a child’s right to live with their family in Chile, there continue to be deficiencies to meaningfully engaging families. Via historical marginalization and exclusion of some groups, we argue that the state has created and perpetuated conditions that result in racial, socioeconomic, and geospatial disparities among child welfare decision-making points including substantiations, foster care entries, and reunifications. Using the U.S. and Chile as two case examples, we critically analyze the emergence and evolution of child welfare in conjunction with relevant institutional and systemic policies that disadvantage entire groups or communities and then continue to perpetuate emotional neglect once children are in care. Through this analysis, we argue that there is a need to address structural barriers that impede family engagement, preservation, and reunification, and structural factors that lead to the root causes of child maltreatment referrals. As more federal policies shift to preventing child maltreatment, we propose a multilevel, structural approach to identify community strengths and needs that could better support family preservation and reunification, and build community-wide resilience and wellbeing, while also advocating for structural changes to policies and practices that could enhance equity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 108034"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family or school: What matters for economically disadvantaged adolescents’ problem behaviors? The mediating role of self-esteem","authors":"Yanan Xu ,&nbsp;Yakun Dong ,&nbsp;Dongfang Wang ,&nbsp;Yuxiang Wang ,&nbsp;Bo Hu ,&nbsp;Fang Liu ,&nbsp;Zhihua Li","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.108033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most prior research on the relationship between family, school, and problem behaviors in economically disadvantaged adolescents has concentrated on the direct influence, with little attention given to clarifying indirect and longitudinal effect. Therefore, this longitudinal study aimed to test the potential effects of family functioning and school connectedness on problem behaviors in economically disadvantaged adolescents and the mediating role of self-esteem. In total, 466 Chinese adolescents (176 boys) living in economically disadvantaged families certified by local governments participated in this study. The adolescents completed self-report measures of family functioning, school connectedness, self-esteem, and problem behaviors. Results showed that school connectedness could indirectly influence economically disadvantaged adolescents’ problem behaviors via self-esteem, however, family functioning had only an immediate effect. This result has positive implications for interventions targeting economically disadvantaged youth. In the future, intervention programs can be designed at both the individual and school levels to promote the mental health of economically disadvantaged adolescents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 108033"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}