Children and Youth Services Review最新文献

{"title":"Community leadership in system transformation: A realist review of strategies for effective partnership between communities of color and public systems impacting children and families","authors":"Mallory VanMeeter ,&nbsp;Shannon Kugley ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Dierksheide ,&nbsp;Mark McDaniel","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The child welfare system in the U.S. is long overdue for a reimagination. To bridge the gap between what families say they need to thrive and what child welfare provides, the system must build a new relationship with community—one where residents are valued as collaborators and are supported in taking the lead. A team from Chapin Hall conducted a realist evidence review (Paré et al., 2015) to inform this shift toward community leadership. We focused on public system partnerships with Black and non-Black communities of color to shape policies, programs, and practices impacting children and families. Using a modified grounded theory approach, we analyzed 35 empirical publications on 32 unique projects. We supplemented that evidence with six longitudinal case studies (Bowen, 2009; Morgan &amp; Nica, 2020) and conversations with 10 key informants.</div><div>From these sources, we distilled four sets of strategies for forming and sustaining equitable system change partnerships with Black and non-Black communities of color: 1) adopting anti-racist and strengths-based approaches to working with community, while continuously confronting power and positionality; 2) creating inclusive and flexible opportunities for community leadership; 3) investing in community partners’ personal agency, skills, and capacity for collective action; 4) and embedding community leadership in system decision making through partnership infrastructure and long-term funding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 108350"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Children’s exposure to intimate partner violence as a form of child maltreatment in Canada: Analysis of the Canadian incidence study of reported child abuse and neglect (CIS)","authors":"Tara Black,&nbsp;Barbara Fallon,&nbsp;Nicolette Joh-Carnella,&nbsp;Emmaline Houston,&nbsp;Eliza Livingston","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Countries around the world have established child welfare systems to protect children from child maltreatment, prevent future maltreatment, and promote optimal child well-being. A better understanding of children’s child welfare involvement can aid in decision-making around policy directives, allocation of resources, and practice guidelines. In Canada, the Canadian Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect (CIS) is the only source of nationally aggregated data about investigations conducted by child welfare organizations. Methods: We analyze the increase in child welfare investigations in Canada from 2008 to 2019 using data from the CIS-2008 and CIS-2019. Results: The rate of investigations in Canada for children’s exposure to IPV has increased from 6.84 per 1,000 children in 2008 to 9.50 in 2019. The rate of substantiation for children’s exposure to IPV has also increased between 2008 and 2019, from 4.86 per 1,000 to 6.51 per 1,000 children in Canada. When controlling for clinical characteristics of the child, primary caregiver, and household, investigations focused on exposure to IPV were nearly six times as likely to be substantiated compared to all other investigations (Odds Ratio [OR] = 5.789, 95 % CI [5.429, 6.590]). Conclusions: The more we widen the reasons for child welfare investigations, the more we investigate families experiencing other hardships that are not maltreatment, and likely better served by other sectors. The response going forward must be balanced with the tragic outcomes in cases of IPV, and the majority of cases seen by child welfare where there is no harm and the investigation is closed with no further child welfare services offered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 108349"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Committed but constrained: Social workers’ perspectives on practice with children and families living in poverty","authors":"Yuval Saar-Heiman ,&nbsp;Anat Zeira ,&nbsp;June Thoburn","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Knowledge about the actual components of social work practice with people living in poverty remains limited. This exploratory study examined perceptions of Israeli social workers of their professional values, daily practices, and organizational conditions, and comparing their personal commitment to poverty alleviation with their perceptions of their agencies’ priorities.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The convenience sample includes 84 social workers employed in local Social Services Departments (SSDs) across Israel. The survey, was developed through an international collaborative effort, was informed by an extensive literature review on social work with families living in poverty. Both closed and open-ended questions were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Findings reveal a consistent gap between social workers’ ethical commitment to addressing poverty and their perceptions of their agencies’ emphasis on poverty-related values. Participants reported frequent engagement in bureaucratic and procedural tasks, which they viewed as essential yet limiting. Open-ended responses illustrate the emotional toll and practical constraints of working within resource-scarce, neoliberal systems. While relational values such as respect and empathy are widely implemented, rights-based and structural practices are less frequently employed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Social workers recognize and attempt to address poverty in their daily work, but institutional and organizational barriers—conceptualized through the lens of <em>administrative burden</em>—limit their ability to implement poverty-aware and rights-based practices fully. The findings underscore the urgent need for poverty-aware approaches at the policy level—approaches that address the structural roots of poverty while also transforming the working conditions of social workers. This includes fostering improved inter-agency collaboration to strengthen advocacy efforts and providing enhanced training that equips social workers to navigate the tensions between ethics, theory, and everyday practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 108342"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging the gap: The role of parent advocates in enhancing child protective services practice","authors":"Marina Lalayants ,&nbsp;Lisa Merkel-Holguin","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Child Protective Services (CPS) workers often face significant challenges in connecting with, engaging, and communicating with families due to systemic distrust and administrative burdens. Parent Advocates (PAs), individuals with lived child welfare experience, have been integrated into CPS practice to improve family engagement and service delivery.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study explores CPS staff members’ perspectives on the role of PAs within New York City’s Enhanced Family Conferencing Initiative (EFCI), examining how they support CPS practice and enhance decision-making.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and Setting</h3><div>The study includes 49 CPS staff members, comprising caseworkers, supervisors, managers, and conference facilitators from the New York City Administration for Children’s Services (ACS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted to capture CPS staff’s perceptions of and experiences with PAs. Thematic analysis was employed to identify key patterns in the data regarding PAs’ contributions to CPS practice.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Findings reveal that PAs strengthen CPS practice in three key ways. They bridge communication gaps by fostering trust, enhancing engagement, and sharing essential information. They improve collaboration by supporting service planning, decision-making, and access to community resources. Finally, they alleviate CPS staff workloads by providing case updates, assisting with service navigation, and ensuring families receive needed support.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The integration of PAs into CPS systems enhances CPS practice by fostering trust, improving communication, and reducing casework burdens. Their contributions underscore the need for expanding parent advocacy programs within CPS to support more equitable and family-centered decision-making. Future research should examine the long-term impact of PAs on child welfare outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 108351"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden: A qualitative analysis","authors":"Suzanne de Ruig ,&nbsp;Floor van Rooij ,&nbsp;Marion van Hattum ,&nbsp;Jasmijn Bres ,&nbsp;Chris Kuiper","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Navigating the youth care system may present significant challenges for families and professionals. These challenges may lead to feelings of strain and may contribute to a broader sense of burden among all involved. This qualitative study aims to understand how youth, parents, natural mentors (YIMs), and professionals working with a YIM and the family perceive burden in youth care and the factors contributing to it.</div><div>Conducted across four Dutch regions, the study involved semi-structured interviews and rich pictures with ten individuals from each perspective. Based on participants’ responses, inductive coding was employed to identify clusters, themes, and subthemes.</div><div>Participants described the burden in emotional, mental, and physical terms, with mental burden being the most frequently mentioned across all perspectives. Youth reported feelings of powerlessness, while parents expressed frustration over stagnation. YIMs struggled with their dual roles, and YIM professionals felt pressured by conflicting expectations. Factors contributing to this burden involved deficiencies in personal and social agency, challenges in collaboration, and unmet expectations regarding professionals and the youth care system. All participants identified a lack of agency and unmet expectations. YIMs encountered an unequal power balance in their collaboration with YIM professionals, while YIM professionals faced difficulties in interacting with other professionals and parents. The findings highlight the need to address the sources of burden in youth care. Clarifying mutual expectations and collaboratively addressing burdens could improve experiences within youth care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 108353"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144184879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attachment and socialization of siblings in Hungarian residential care: An ethnographic study","authors":"Vanda Titz-Mohácsi ,&nbsp;Krisztián Széll","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Several factors and actors influence the early socialization and attachment of children and adolescents living in residential care institutions. This study explores the dynamics of socialization and attachment patterns in a Hungarian residential care institution through the perceptions of young members of three sibling groups and their caregivers.</div><div>The study builds on comprehensive and rigorous ethnographic research conducted with children (7) and their caregivers (5) employing a mixed-method approach, including observations, interviews, and informal conversations, supplemented with data from children’s personal files. By discerning key actors—parents, siblings, close friends within and outside the institution, caregivers, and school staff—the study provides insights into a still somewhat invisible ecosystem.</div><div>The results show that caregivers take on various parental roles and functions, acting as a bridge between children, their families, and schools. Sibling relationships demonstrated both strong and weak attachment patterns, strongly correlating with family backgrounds. Close friends within the institution primarily serve as playmates or gang peers, while those outside the institution offer a crucial link to the ‘outside world,’ potentially modeling healthy and well-functioning family relationships. School also serves as a connection to the external world but simultaneously presents challenges related to success and failure.</div><div>The findings highlight the importance of recognizing and strengthening caregiver and sibling bonds as protective factors, fostering high-quality connections with the outside world, and ensuring targeted training for caregivers and school staff to effectively support these relationships.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 108346"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Chinese primary school students’ mental health during 2001–2021: a cross-temporal meta-analysis","authors":"He Li ,&nbsp;Mengxu Fan ,&nbsp;Liu Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of this paper is to investigate the changes in mental health among Chinese primary school students from 2001 to 2021. We conducted a cross-temporal meta-analysis including 93 studies (43,199 Chinese primary school students) to evaluate the relationship between the year of data collection and the total Mental Health Rate Scale for Pupil (MHRSP) scores and the scores of each factor. We found that their correlations were strong and negative (<em>p &lt;</em> 0. 05). Over the past 21 years, the mental health of Chinese primary school students has generally been improving with time. Primary school students’ MHRSP total scores and factor scores decreased by 0.28–4.94 points, or 0.20–0.59 standard deviations. Male pupils mostly scored higher than female pupils on MHRSP total scores and factor scores. The factor scores and total scores were not significantly correlated with the years for urban pupils, and there was a significant negative correlation between behavioural disorders and the year for rural pupils. The mental health of students in grades 5–6 have been steadily improving over the years, while the upward trend is weaker in grades 1–2 and least pronounced in grades 3–4.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 108334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mediating role of mental health promoting knowledge level in the relationship between emotional literacy and psychological help seeking attitudes in adolescents","authors":"Gül Bozkurt ,&nbsp;Dilek Küçük Alemdar","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>The aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of mental health promotion knowledge level in the relationship between adolescents’ emotional literacy level and their attitudes towards seeking psychological help.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>The sample of the descriptive and correlational study consisted of 428 students studying at Fatsa Anatolian High School in Fatsa district of Ordu province. Data were collected using Personal Information Form, Mental Health-Promoting Knowledge (MHPK-10), Emotional Literacy Scale (ELS) and Attitudes Towards Seeking Psychological Help Scale (ASPHS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>It was determined that 61.4 % of the adolescents who participated in the study were male, 38.6 % were female and 34.3 % were 17 years old. It was determined that 15 % of the adolescents had received psychological help before, 57.8 % of these participants received help from a psychologist and 31.2 % from a psychiatrist. In the regression analysis, the effect of ELS on MHPK-10 level was found to be significant. It was determined that ELS explained 4.4 % of the variance in MHPK-10. The direct effect of ELS on ASPHS was also significant. The explanatory power of the model was found to be 6.4 %. The model was generally significant. It was determined that MHPK-10 played a partial mediating role in the relationship between ELS and ASPHS. The total explanatory level of the model was 8.6 % and the model was statistically significant in general.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In the study, it was determined that as the level of emotional literacy of adolescents increased, the level of knowledge to improve mental health also increased and their attitudes towards seeking psychological help were more positive. It was determined that the level of mental health-promoting knowledge of adolescents supported the positive attitude towards seeking psychological help.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 108344"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144098505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Universal school-based prevention program for decreasing the depressive symptoms of high school students on a part-time course: Developing the MIRaES program in Japan","authors":"Kohei Kambara ,&nbsp;Yugo Kira ,&nbsp;Misuzu Matsumoto ,&nbsp;Suzuka Hako ,&nbsp;Tomoya Ito ,&nbsp;Akiko Ogata","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The prevalence of depressive symptoms among high school students tends to be high, often serving as a predictor of not only the onset of depressive disorders but also future education-related and economic problems. Although universal school-based programs for preventing depressive symptoms have been implemented worldwide, they have been shown to be ineffective. We examined the reason for this problem from two perspectives: (i) skills learned are not generalized across school environments, and (ii) the program content is not aligned with the context of individual high schools. To address this shortcoming, we developed the Mastery of Interpersonal Relationships and Emotional Skills (MIRaES) program and tested its effectiveness and feasibility using a sample of 120 students on a part-time course at a high school in Japan. We tested the 12-session program over one school year. This program includes certain features that have been shown to be important by previous studies, such as collaborating with schoolteachers to generalize students’ learned skills across school environments and aligning program content with the school context. We quantitatively measured the changes in various psychological aspects, including students’ social skills, cognitive inflexibility, and depressive symptoms, at three time points. Additionally, we qualitatively assessed the program feasibility based on students’ free-text descriptions. The results revealed that depressive symptoms among students who frequently attended the sessions were unchanged, whereas they increased among those who attended the sessions less frequently. Moreover, the qualitative analysis revealed that students who attended the sessions more frequently perceived the program content as useful in their daily lives. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis suggest that the program may help develop emotional regulation skills, which high school students often find challenging. Our findings show that generalizing learned skills across school environments and aligning universal school-based prevention programs in the specific school context can prevent the worsening of depressive symptoms among high school students.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 108343"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racial, ethnic, and gender disparities in substantiated child maltreatment: A state-level analysis of U.S. incidence rates","authors":"Rebecca L. Fix ,&nbsp;Amanda Luken ,&nbsp;Reshmi Nair ,&nbsp;Spencer T. Fix","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The scope of the problem of child maltreatment warrants more nuanced epidemiologic investigation. Our study examined state-level rates of child maltreatment (i.e., child physical abuse, child sexual abuse, neglect) by race, ethnicity, and gender. We used 3,972,565 million cases of child physical and sexual abuse and neglect from the 2018 U.S. National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System. Disparity ratios and raw differential representation values were calculated for racial and ethnic groups by gender as compared with White or non-Latine children within the same gender category. Within child physical abuse cases, Black and multiracial children were more likely to have cases substantiated compared with White children. Conversely, neglect cases were generally associated with lower rates of substantiation for Black girls and boys compared with White children in most states. Substantiation rates were also lower for Black girls within child sexual abuse cases in most states. Latine boys were typically less likely to have physical abuse cases substantiated and Latine girls were typically more likely to have sexual abuse cases substantiated compared with non-Latine children; rates of neglect were not consistently disparate by ethnicity. Findings demonstrate the importance of examining race, ethnicity, and gender in child abuse and neglect case dispositions. Consistent patterns in disparities were evident across many states, which may have important implications for state-level policies and disparity reduction strategies. Future research should extend and replicate successful efforts, and develop and test promising new methods, to prevent disparities in child abuse and neglect case processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 108332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}