Islam Transformatif最新文献

{"title":"Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī’s Critique of Avicennian Psychology and the Transcendental Individuation of Human Souls","authors":"M. Fakhuruddin Attar","doi":"10.30983/it.v7i1.6221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30983/it.v7i1.6221","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the psychological doctrines of the Ashʿarite theologian and polymath Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī (d. 606/1210). The starting point of the discussion is his critical reception of Avicenna’s (d. ca. 428/1037) psychological theories. I focus on al-Rāzī’s early works on philosophy, in particular <em>al-Mab</em><em>āḥith al-mashriqiyya</em> and his famous commentary on Avicenna’s <em>al-Ish</em><em>ārāt wa-l-tanbīhāt</em>. I show that Rāzī affirms a theory of the human soul that is heavily influenced by his predecessor. However, I also show that offers a distinct perspective on fundamental issues. I offer a detailed discussion of two Rāzian psychological doctrines: that human souls are heterogenous, rather than constituting a single species “rational animal” <em>pace </em>Avicenna; and that they are caused by celestial entities called Perfect Natures, a theory that is adopted from the practitioners of talismanic magic. The resulting cosmological theory can be referred to as the transcendental individuation of human souls","PeriodicalId":484193,"journal":{"name":"Islam Transformatif","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135399122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical Voices and the Burden of Free Expression among Arab Intellectuals","authors":"Yoyo Yoyo","doi":"10.30983/it.v7i1.6187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30983/it.v7i1.6187","url":null,"abstract":"<p class=\"abstrak\">This paper analyzes the freedom of expression challenge (ta’bīr al-hurriyyah) through Arab intellectual experiences. Although freedom of expression has doctrinal support and historical factual expertise in Islam, it is still challenging to find its actual implementation within the Arab world, especially in Arab countries with authoritarian systems. Therefore, the paper begins by exploring several examples of intimidation experienced by Arab intellectuals as the consequences of their critical ideas and voices. Specifically, the paper examines freedom of expression among Arab scholars in Syrian as an authoritarian state. The failure of the Arab Spring made it more difficult for freedom of expression to find its free space. As a qualitative study, data was collected by gathering essential information from journals, books, and online websites. The data were then analyzed through critical reading based on formulated research questions. The paper concluded that freedom of expression has its historical doctrine in Arab-Islam. However, this moral doctrine did not lead to absolute freedom of expression. It is proved that most Arab intellectuals experienced bitter life due to their critical voices. In the Syrian context, Arab intellectuals are divided between those who support the regime and maintain opposition to the ruling government. However, the opposition keeps conducting the reform in silence since the voices and protests will lead them to exile or death. Due to this polarization, critical voices in Syria have not successfully become a powerful movement. </p>","PeriodicalId":484193,"journal":{"name":"Islam Transformatif","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134919206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Dimension of Religion in Political Conflict and Violence: An Experience In Indonesia","authors":"Mhd. Rasidin, Indra Ramdhani, Restu Prana Ilahi, Darti Busni, Doli Witro, Raid Alghani","doi":"10.30983/it.v7i1.6146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30983/it.v7i1.6146","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article aims to discuss the religious dimension in political conflict and violence in Indonesia Indonesian society is heterogeneous, especially in religious affiliation. A series of cases of violence in Indonesia involving religion, such as the events in Pekalongan (1995), Situbondo (1996), Poso (1998), Ambon (1999), Tasikmalaya (1996), Sukabumi (2008), and also other violence in several parts of Indonesia . This incident caused various kinds of losses both in terms of community facilities and the many casualties that fell. This is based on an excessive commitment to the religious aspects of Indonesian society... The method used in this article is a qualitative research method that consists of library research. Thus, the data obtained comes from literary sources such as books, scientific articles, research reports, and so on. The data analysis technique is a qualitative data analysis technique of Miles et al. The results of the study show that the religious dimension is the main factor in the various events of political conflict and violence in Indonesia. These religious-based conflicts are used by political elites to gain political power. The various religious and political conflicts and violence is due to hyper commitment in most religious societies and the factor of religious differentiation.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>","PeriodicalId":484193,"journal":{"name":"Islam Transformatif","volume":"623 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135602129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restatement of Contemporary Sufi Epistemology: The Case of Badi’uzzaman Sa’id Nursi","authors":"Agisni Rodi, Nur Hadi Ihsan, Muhammad Sofian Hidayat","doi":"10.30983/it.v7i1.6167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30983/it.v7i1.6167","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aims to explore the epistemological construct of Sufism according to Sa’id Nursi in the contemporary era. Sufism is seen as having deviant concepts and practices contrary to Shari’a in the modern era. Some muslim and non-muslim thinkers argue that Sufism does not originate from Islam. Therefore, there needs to be an effort to decipher this misunderstanding by exposing how Sufism's epistemology was genuinely constructed by referring to the teachings and practices of a contemporary Sufi, Sa'id Nursi. This study is qualitative library research. Data in this study, both primary and secondary, were collected using documentary techniques. The collected data were analyzed utilizing the content analysis method. This work finds that Nursi outlines four pillars of Sufism epistemology. First, true Sufism is based on the Qur'an and Sunnah, internalized and manifested through the soul and heart, as is the view of the authoritative Sufis. Second, purification of the teachings and practices of Sufism must depart from the purgation of the heart and soul. Third, social equality refers to carrying out life’s values, meaning that all are equal before Allah SWT. Fourth, consistently instill the Qur’an’s four values: <em>tauhid </em>(unity and oneness of God)<em>, nubuwah </em>(prophecy)<em>, hashr </em>(resurrection), and <em>'adl</em> (justice).</p>","PeriodicalId":484193,"journal":{"name":"Islam Transformatif","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135602128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of PWNU Yogyakarta in Constructing Aswaja an Nahdiyah in Social Activist During the Covid-19","authors":"Fathorrahman Fathorrahman","doi":"10.30983/it.v7i1.6340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30983/it.v7i1.6340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><table cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"left\"><tbody><tr><td align=\"left\" valign=\"top\"><p>This paper aims to describe the Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) volunteering task force role in Yogyakarta during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research focuses on two issues. It examines The NU regional committee of Yogyakarta (PWNU) involvement in managing volunteer performance that addresses the NU Executive Board (PBNU) policies and fulfills community needs. What was the role of PWNU Yogyakarta in regulating NU volunteers during the Covid-19 pandemic period? How do NU volunteers internalize the values of ahlus sunnah wal jamaah (traditionalist Sunni Islam) in social activism during the Covid-19 pandemic? These two questions are analyzed using a sociological approach based on Peter L. Berger's social construction theory. Methodologically, to obtain the data, this research uses case studies by meeting and interviewing key informants. From this research, it was found that first, NU volunteers followed the policy of handling Covid-19 cases submitted by PWNU. This policy map shows a pattern of systemic policy derivation carried out by PWNU. Second, in carrying out volunteer duties, volunteers expressed the responsibility of internalizing NU values in their social activism. This is because volunteers need to show their ideological commitment while at the same time manifesting NU values in dealing with societal problems during a pandemic</p><p> </p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><em>Tulisan ini bertujuan menguraikan peran satuan tugas NU dalam menjalankan kerelawanannya di Yogyakarta selama masa Pandemi covid 19. Dengan mengkaji keterlibatan PWNU dalam mengatur kinerja kerelawanan yang sinergis antara kebijakan PBNU dengan kebutuhan masyarakat, penelitian ini fokus pada dua masalah. Yaitu, pertama, bagaimana peran PWNU Yogyakarta dalam mengatur pola aktifisme sosial relawan NU dalam menghadapi masa pandemi covid 19. Kedua, bagaimana nilai-nilai Ahlus Sunnah wal Jamaah NU diinternalisasi para relawan NU dalam melakukan aktifisme sosial di masa pandemi covid 19. Kedua pertanyaan ini dianalisis dengan pendekatan sosiologis yang berbasis pada teori konstruksi sosial Peter L Berger. Secara metodologis, untuk memperoleh datanya, penelitian ini menggunakan studi lapangan dengan cara menemui beberapa informan kunci dan informan penting untuk diwawancarai. Dari penelitian ini, ditemukan bahwa Pertama, relawan NU mengikuti kebijakan penanganan covid 19 yang disampaikan oleh PWNU. Dari peta kebijakan ini, ada pola derivasi kebijakan secara sistemik yang dilakukan oleh PWNU dalam menjelaskan pembagian tugas kepada para relawan. Kedua, Dalam melakukan tugas kerelawanan, para relawan mempunyai tanggung jawab sosial dalam menginternalisasi nilai-nilai ke NU an dalam aktivisme sosialnya. Sebab, para relawan perlu menunjukkan komitmen ideologisnya sekaligus memanfestasikan nilai-nilai ke NU an yang bercorak fleksible dan dinamis dalam menghadapi problem masyarakat di masa pan","PeriodicalId":484193,"journal":{"name":"Islam Transformatif","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136364223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia's (HTI) Efforts the Idea of Caliphate and Recruit Members after being Banned by the Government","authors":"Andri Moewashi Idharoel Haq","doi":"10.30983/it.v7i1.6188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30983/it.v7i1.6188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><table cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"left\"><tbody><tr><td align=\"left\" valign=\"top\"><p align=\"left\"><strong>Abstract <em></em></strong></p><p>This paper examines HTI’s efforts to spread the idea of the Caliphate (Khilafah) and recruit new members after the government dissolved them through Perppu Ormas No. 2 of 2017. This paper uses qualitative method through data collection by observation, interviews, and literature review. The result of this research is the following: although the government has banned the HTI, the activities of the movement are still being carried out in resistance to the government ban. In maintaining its activities, HTI uses strategic changes to avoid government control. The strategy focuses on changing the movement from offline activities to online activities and using small groups and informal networks. This strategy is manifested in the Khilafah campaign activities on the internet, such as movies and Islamic studies programs on YouTube. The use of informalnetworks is manifested in the activities of the Campus Da’wah Institution Coordinating Board (BKLDK), which recruits HTI members among students. Another group, the YukNgaji community, was also created to attract the youth through their popular figure, Felix Siauw. This paper argues that even though the government has banned the movement, it has not prevented HTI from furthering its goals of establishing the Caliphate.</p><p> </p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p class=\"abstrak\"><em>Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji upaya HTI menyebarkan ide Khilafah dan merekrut anggota baru setelah mereka dibubarkan oleh pemerintah melalui Perppu Ormas No. 2 tahun 2017. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui pengumpulan data secara observasi, wawancara, dan kajian literatur. Hasil penelitian ini ialah meskipun status HTI telah dilarang pemerintah, namun aktivitas gerakan HTI masih tetap dilangsungkan sebagai respons atau perlawanan terhadap kebijakan pemerintah yang membubarkannya. Dalam mempertahankan aktivitasnya, HTI menggunakan perubahan strategi untuk menghindari kontrol pemerintah. Strategi yang digunakan berfokus kepada perubahan area gerakan dari offline ke online dan penggunaan kelompok kecil (jaringan informal) gerakan. Strategi ini berwujud pada aktivitas kampanye Khilafah di internet seperti berbentuk film dan kajian Islam di YouTube. Sementara, strategi penggunaan jaringan informal berbentuk pada penugasan aktivis Badan Koordinasi Lembaga Dakwah Kampus (BKLDK) untuk merekrut anggota HTI di kalangan mahasiswa. Pembuatan kelompok lain yaitu komunitas YukNgaji juga dilakukan untuk menarik minat pemuda melalui figur populer HTI, Felix Siauw. Tulisan ini berargumentasi bahwa meskipun suatu gerakan sosial telah dilarang pemerintah, namun tidak menghalangi aktivitasnya untuk melanjutkan cita-citanya. Contoh pada HTI ini membuktikan bahwa meskipun mereka dilarang, namun aktivitasnya untuk mendirikan Khilafah tetap dilanjutkan.</em></p>","PeriodicalId":484193,"journal":{"name":"Islam Transformatif","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136364222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contestation of Religious Discourse Among Muslim Dawah Activists in Contemporary Indonesia","authors":"Achmad Muhlis, Abd Hannan","doi":"10.30983/it.v7i1.6326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30983/it.v7i1.6326","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines the phenomenon of religious contestation among Muslim preachers in contemporary Indonesia. This study is a qualitative research and uses the digital ethnography (netnography) approach. This study uses two sources of data, namely, primary data, in the form of text, visuals, videos, and images obtained from several social media platforms, and secondary data in the form of literature data from previous studies. This study finds that the contestation of religious discourse among Muslim preachers in Indonesia, in particular that which have taken place on social media, has revolved around four major issues, namely, the controversies of “rendang babi” (pork rendang), “pawang hujan” (the rain shaman), the regulation of sound amplifiers in mosques and prayer spaces, and the art of wayang (puppetry). The religious contestation among Muslim preachers in Indonesia follows two patterns. The first is the substantive-inclusive religious narrative pattern, which emphasizes the core and principles of a problem. Next is the exclusive legal-formalist narrative, which tends to be normative and rigid. This last narrative is typically associated with Muslims preachers who have conservative views. </p><p align=\"left\"><strong>Keyword : </strong>Religious contestation, social media, religious figure, Muslim preacher.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><em>Studi ini bertujuan melakukan kajian terhadap media sosial dan fenomena kontestasi keagamaan di kalangan pendakwah Muslim di Indonesia kontemporer. Kajian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan etnografi digital (netnografi). Sumber data penelitian ini ada dua, data primer berupa teks, visual, video, dan gambar yang diperoleh dari sejumlah media sosial, serta data sekunder berupa data-data kepustakaan yang didapat dari hasil kajian sebelumnya. Berdasarkan analisa data lapangan, studi ini mendapati temuan bahwa kontestasi wacana keagamaan antarpendakwah muslim di Indonesia yang selama ini berlangsung di kanal media sosial, itu tergambar dalam empat isu besar, yakni isu rendang babi, pawang hujan, aturan terkait pengeras suara di masjid dan musala, dan terakhir adalah isu tentang seni wayang. Berdasarkan narasinya, kontestasi keagamaan di kalangan pendakwah Muslim di Indonesia memiliki dua pola, yakni narasi agama berpola subtantif-inklusif, lebih menekankan pada isi, inti, dan pokok suatu permasalahan. Berikutnya, yaitu eksklusif-legal formalis, narasi keagaman yang cenderung normatif dan kaku. Bentuk narasi ini lazimnya identik dengan aktor agama atau pendakwah muslim beraliran paham konservatif..</em></p><p><em><strong><em>Kata Kunci : </em></strong><em>Kontestasi Agama, Media Sosial, Aktor agama, Pendakwah Muslim.</em></em></p>","PeriodicalId":484193,"journal":{"name":"Islam Transformatif","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136364224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}