Journal of Technology Transfer最新文献

{"title":"The Bayh-Dole Act of 1980 and University--Industry Technology Transfer: A Model for Other OECD Governments?","authors":"D. Mowery, D. Mowery, B. Sampat, B. Sampat","doi":"10.1007/0-387-25022-0_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-25022-0_18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Technology Transfer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2004-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/0-387-25022-0_18","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51352729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Industrial R&D Laboratories: Windows on Black Boxes? *","authors":"J. Adams","doi":"10.1007/0-387-25022-0_8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-25022-0_8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Technology Transfer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2004-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51352845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patents and Appropriation: Concerns and Evidence1","authors":"Wesley M. Cohen","doi":"10.1007/0-387-25022-0_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-25022-0_17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Technology Transfer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2004-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/0-387-25022-0_17","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51352710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technological transfers from the European space programs: a dynamic view and comparison with other R&D projects.","authors":"L Bach,&nbsp;P Cohendet,&nbsp;E Schenk","doi":"10.1023/a:1020259522902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020259522902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article presents the results and lessons learned from a series of studies carried out by the BETA research team (University Louis Pasteur of Strasbourg, France) to measure the spin-offs and technological transfers that resulted from European space programs. Beyond the quantitative results that are analyzed in detail, the article examines some of the main qualitative characteristics that shape the technology transfer process generated by these programs. In particular, it is demonstrated that three main characteristics have a significant impact on the technology transfer process: the nature of the technologies at stake (their degree of maturity, their degree of diversity, the extent to which they are generic or specific), the nature of the network of participants to the programs (the degree of mutual trust, the existence of absorptive capabilities) and the nature of the organizational structure of those firms which participated in the projects (their degree of decentralization, their degree of vertical integration). The article concludes by discussing how these lessons learned could be used to shape the procurement policies to be followed by space agencies in order to favor a high potential for technological transfers arising from future space projects.</p>","PeriodicalId":48228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Technology Transfer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1023/a:1020259522902","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24411727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transfer of space technologies past and present: the Russian case.","authors":"Lyudmila Pankova","doi":"10.1023/a:1020263623811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020263623811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the end of the 1980's transfer of government sponsored high technology space goods and services to other sectors, industry, and eventually non-government use has been a growing concern of the Russian policy makers. Today the real and functional transformation of this field is on the agenda. The paper is organized as follows. The first section analyzes the evolution of the common approach to technology transfer, looks at the main obstacles to this processes as a whole, and in the space sector in particular. The second section examines the Russian space R&D sector from the point of view of its role and place in the Russian scientific and technological base. New mechanisms of technology transfer are then considered. Here, problems of conversion, commercialization, dual-use, and internationalization are examined in the context of space technology transfer. Furthermore, issues of innovation in technology transfer are discussed. The new networks that are forming through which technologies diffuse is considered. The paper then turns to legislative and regulatory problems, including the discussion of the main principles of the Russian space transfer code, which is now being drafted. It is necessary to underline, that in the Russian case, official statistics still do not help analyze the question of technology transfer.</p>","PeriodicalId":48228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Technology Transfer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1023/a:1020263623811","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24411729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic effects and spin-offs in a small space economy: the case of Canada.","authors":"Fernand Amesse,&nbsp;Patrick Cohendet,&nbsp;Alain Poirier,&nbsp;Jean-Marc Chouinard","doi":"10.1023/a:1020211606973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020211606973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Canada, through a well-focused space program (telecommunications, earth observation, robotics), has succeeded in developing a space industry largely based on SMEs. The result has been significant economic benefits and technological spin-offs. In this article, the results of two programs, the ESA (European Space Agency) and the STEAR (Strategic Technologies in Automation and Robotics), are compared. The ESA program has generated significant indirect effects and spin-offs for Canadian exports. ESA's reputation and network have enabled SMEs to increase export sales of both space products and other commercial products derived from space technologies. The STEAR program has been highly successful in promoting a new generation of SMEs for space robotics, encouraging both spin-in and spin-offs of technologies. The analysis highlights the complementarity of mission- and diffusion-oriented programs in the technology transfer process.</p>","PeriodicalId":48228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Technology Transfer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1023/a:1020211606973","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24411728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technology transfer in the space sector: an international perspective.","authors":"Henry R Hertzfeld","doi":"10.1023/a:1020222521994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020222521994","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Technology Transfer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1023/a:1020222521994","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24411724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring the economic returns from successful NASA life sciences technology transfers.","authors":"Henry R Hertzfeld","doi":"10.1023/a:1020207506064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020207506064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since 1958 NASA has invested approximately $3.7 billion in life sciences R&D in the support of the successful human space flight program. There are numerous studies documenting the spin-off technologies that can be traced to NASA research and development activities. Most of these studies describe the technologies and their uses; however only a few measure the economic impact of the spin-offs and most of these are benefit/cost studies that tend to overstate benefits or underestimate costs. This study takes a different approach, measuring only economic impacts to the companies that developed successful spin-off products from NASA life sciences investments. A personal interview was conducted with each company and the benefits are conservatively estimated as the value-added by the NASA technology to the company's output and the amount of additional private R&D stimulated by the NASA R&D. This pilot study of fifteen companies, using a very conservative measurement technique, found a large return to companies that have successfully commercialized NASA life sciences spin-off products. Value-added benefits totaled over $1.5 billion and a NASA R&D total investment in these 15 technologies of $64 million was found to stimulate an additional $200 million in private R&D. The study also found that the largest benefits were from products developed and marketed by large companies, primarily because these companies had the financial and marketing resources to work on a scale unavailable to smaller companies. Many of the small companies reported very profitable product-lines as well as documented evidence of benefits extending to the commercial users of their products. However, the smaller companies often lacked either the ability or the desire to expand into much larger scale production. NASA and other government technology transfer programs may be overlooking an opportunity to enlarge the economic benefits from their spin-off technologies. When a federal R&D grant or contract ends, the formal relationship between the agency and the company also usually ends. However, the companies continue to use the prior connection to NASA for advertising and for developing new business partners. One recommendation of this study is for NASA to be more proactive with \"alumni\" companies and to help open additional financial and marketing doors for these companies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Technology Transfer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1023/a:1020207506064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24411725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflections: Tornatzky writes first commentary for journal","authors":"Ralph Segman, D. A. Tansik, R. B. Block, Paul R. Brockman, D. Bushnell, R. L. Chapman, D. M. Delabarre, T. Jacobius, F. Janis, K. A. Kovaly, Clifford E. Lanham, G. Linsteadt, Michael A. Lytle, W. Marcuse, S. Rood, F. Wolek, Paul R. Wylie","doi":"10.1007/BF02371348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02371348","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Technology Transfer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"1991-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/BF02371348","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51754581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elain: Innovative transfer of a federal-industry network","authors":"G. Hans","doi":"10.1007/BF02377659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02377659","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Technology Transfer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/BF02377659","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51816507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}