British Journal of Clinical Psychology最新文献

{"title":"Different self-damaging behaviours, similar motives? Testing measurement invariance of motives for nonsuicidal self-injury, disordered eating and substance misuse","authors":"Christina L. Robillard,&nbsp;Gabriel J. Merrin,&nbsp;Nicole K. Legg,&nbsp;Megan E. Ames,&nbsp;Brianna J. Turner","doi":"10.1111/bjc.12467","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjc.12467","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Theory and research suggest that distinct self-damaging behaviours (SDBs; e.g., nonsuicidal self-injury [NSSI], restrictive eating, binge eating, drug misuse, alcohol misuse) share similar motives. However, few studies have used a common self-report inventory to investigate the shared relevance and relative salience of motives for SDBs. Accordingly, the present study: (1) examined whether self-report scales assessing <i>intra</i>personal motives (i.e., relieving negative emotions, enhancing positive emotions, punishing oneself) and <i>inter</i>personal motives (i.e., bonding with others, conforming with others, communicating distress, communicating strength, reducing demands) have invariant factor structures across SDBs; and (2) compared the salience of these motives across SDBs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>1018 adults (54.6% men, <i>M</i>_age = 35.41 years) with a history of SDBs were allocated to the following groups: NSSI (<i>n</i> = 213), restrictive eating (<i>n</i> = 200), binge eating (<i>n</i> = 200), drug misuse (<i>n</i> = 200) or alcohol misuse (<i>n</i> = 205). Participants reported on their motives for engaging in their allocated SDB. Measurement invariance analyses compared the factor structures and latent means of the motive scales across SDBs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The motive scales had comparable factor structures across SDBs. Intrapersonal motives were most strongly endorsed for NSSI and drug misuse. Interpersonal motives were most strongly endorsed for drug and alcohol misuse. All motives were least salient to restrictive eating.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results suggest that common motives underlie distinct SDBs and that they can be adequately assessed using a single self-report inventory. However, certain motives are more relevant to some SDBs than others, with restrictive eating being the most motivationally distinct SDB. This knowledge can inform transdiagnostic models and interventions for SDBs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":"63 3","pages":"394-415"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjc.12467","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140586733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the roles of compassion and post-traumatic stress disorder on global distress after sexual trauma","authors":"Runa Dawood,&nbsp;Jane Vosper,&nbsp;Chris Irons,&nbsp;Stuart Gibson,&nbsp;Gary Brown","doi":"10.1111/bjc.12465","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjc.12465","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recovery from sexual trauma can be complex and multi-faceted. Most current psychological treatment protocols for trauma use a cognitive model of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, sexual trauma may include specific complexities beyond that of a cognitive model of PTSD, such as relational factors. The distress experienced after sexual abuse may involve variables not exclusive to a PTSD model. Compassion focused therapy (CFT) is an approach that incorporates evolutionary, relational and social perspectives. This study explored the relationships between variables associated with CFT, PTSD and distress in survivors of sexual abuse to determine the role of CFT-related variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>155 adults who had experienced sexual abuse or any unwanted sexual experience at any point in their lives completed online questionnaires pertaining to various CFT variables (self-compassion, receiving compassion from others, having a fear of compassion from others, having a fear of compassion from the self, shame and self-criticism) and questionnaires measuring global distress as the outcome of sexual abuse and PTSD symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An exploratory model involving CFT-related variables explained significantly more of the variance (4.4%) in global distress than PTSD symptomology alone. Self-criticism was found to be the variable with significant contribution.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>That CFT treatments, targeting self-criticism, should be developed alongside the standard cognitive model of PTSD based treatments for survivors of sexual abuse was supported. Future research may explore experimental designs utilizing CFT in this population, as well as further investigations on the roles of these specific CFT variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":"63 3","pages":"378-393"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjc.12465","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140337302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A randomized controlled trial testing theory-driven enhancements to increase the efficacy of and engagement in a brief cognitive-behavioural therapy text-message intervention for co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and alcohol misuse.","authors":"Michele Bedard-Gilligan, Kristen Lindgren, Emily Dworkin, Ty Tristao, Debra Kaysen, Isaac Rhew","doi":"10.1111/bjc.12463","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjc.12463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Engaging individuals with co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol misuse (AM) in effective treatments is difficult. Brief, self-directed approaches that deliver empirically supported intervention techniques, such as cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) strategies, via technology may be effective and easier-to-access alternatives to traditional in-person therapy approaches for PTSD + AM. This paper describes the protocol for an intervention development study (NCT05372042) that evaluates a text-message intervention combining CBT texts with techniques from cognitive psychology (message framing) and social psychology (growth mindsets) for treatment of PTSD + AM.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study uses a 3 (message framing: gain vs. loss vs. no framing) × 2 (mindset: growth mindsets vs. not) factorial design to test enhancements to CBT texts. Individuals age 18+, who report symptoms of PTSD and AM, will be recruited to participate. Participants will complete screening, verification, and baseline measures. They will be randomized to condition and receive 3 text messages per week for 4 weeks. Participants will be assessed at post-, 1-, and 3-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analyses will evaluate whether framing and growth mindsets enhance the efficacy of CBT texts. A priori decision rules will be applied to select the intervention condition that is both the most effective and the simplest, which will be tested in a follow-up randomized controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study will identify the simplest, most efficacious CBT intervention for PTSD + AM. Its use of cognitive and social psychology-based enhancement and of a factorial decision can serve as examples of how to enhance and increase engagement in brief, self-directed CBT interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11424773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140294930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recognizing and coping with suicidal thoughts: A mixed-methods investigation of digital safety plan content","authors":"Christopher Rainbow,&nbsp;Ruth Tatnell,&nbsp;Grant Blashki,&nbsp;Glenn A. Melvin","doi":"10.1111/bjc.12460","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjc.12460","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Suicide safety plans are a personalized means of documenting how a person at risk of suicide recognizes and intends to cope with emerging suicidal thoughts. This study aimed to understand how users of digital suicide safety plans describe their warning signs, methods of coping and any relationships between these that may emerge.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A sample comprising 150 users of the Australian suicide safety planning smartphone app Beyond Now consented to share the content of their safety plans. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to identify themes in overall plan content. Most participants identified as women (61%), had a history of at least one suicide attempt (61%) and completed their plans by themselves (84%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three major themes emerged: (1) interpersonal challenges and complexity; (2) matching coping strategies to warning signs; and (3) helpful and harmful digital technology use. Most plans appeared to demonstrate high self-awareness of warning signs and available supports.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Safety plan content provides a window into the thought process underlying the recognition of suicidal thoughts and the attempts to manage them. An opportunity exists for practitioners and support persons to use this content when collaboratively supporting a safety plan user to improve their coping strategies and support networks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":"63 3","pages":"362-377"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjc.12460","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140294931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acknowledging religion in cognitive behavioural therapy: The effect on alliance, treatment expectations and credibility in a video-vignette study","authors":"Hibah Hassan,&nbsp;Sarah Lack,&nbsp;Paul M. Salkovskis,&nbsp;Graham R. Thew","doi":"10.1111/bjc.12464","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjc.12464","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Developing mental health services which are accessible and acceptable to those from minority backgrounds continues to be a priority. In the United Kingdom, individuals who identify with a religion are underrepresented in Talking Therapies services as compared to those with no religion. This necessitates an understanding of how therapy is perceived. This online study explored the impact of explicitly acknowledging religion on anticipated alliance, treatment credibility and expectations of therapy in a non-clinical sample of British Muslims.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A video-vignette experimental design was used in which participants who self-reported as either high or low in religiosity were randomly allocated to receiving information about cognitive behavioural therapy either with or without an explicit mention of religion as a value in the therapeutic process.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred twenty-nine British Muslim adults aged 18–70+ years from various ethnic backgrounds participated in the study. Between-subjects ANOVAs showed that scores on the perceived credibility of therapy and treatment expectations were significantly higher when religion was explicitly mentioned by the ‘therapist’, but that acknowledging religion did not impact upon anticipated alliance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings suggest that mentioning religion as a value to be considered in therapy has some positive impacts upon how therapy is perceived by British Muslims. Although video vignettes do not provide insight into the complexity of actual therapeutic encounters, acknowledging religion in mental health services more broadly remains an important consideration for improving equity of access and may bear relevance to other minoritized groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":"63 3","pages":"347-361"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjc.12464","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140289213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the dissociative subtype of post-traumatic stress disorder in single- and multi-event trauma-exposed youth: Prevalence, course, prognosis, severity and functional impairment","authors":"William F. White,&nbsp;Aaron Burgess,&nbsp;Tim Dalgleish,&nbsp;Clare Dixon,&nbsp;Sarah L. Halligan,&nbsp;Rachel M. Hiller,&nbsp;Anna McKinnon,&nbsp;Patrick Smith,&nbsp;Richard Meiser-Stedman","doi":"10.1111/bjc.12461","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjc.12461","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed, following both single- and multi-event trauma, to ascertain prevalence and course of the dissociative subtype of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD-DS) in youth; how well early PTSD-DS predicts later PTSD; and whether dissociation accounts for unique variance in post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and functional impairment over and above the effect of other post-trauma cognitive processing factors and PTSS respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study is a secondary analysis of data from the Acute Stress Programme for Children and Teenagers study (<i>n</i> = 234) and the Coping in Care After Trauma study (<i>n</i> = 110) in which children had experienced single- and multi-event trauma respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PTSD-DS diagnosis was common in children with PTSD regardless of trauma experienced (&gt;39.0%). PTSD-DS showed a similar trajectory of natural recovery to PTSD, and it was similarly predictive of later PTSD following single-event trauma. Finally, dissociation was a significant factor in PTSS and functional impairment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results should be viewed in the context of several limitations including narrow sample of participants which reduces the generalizability of results, concerns around children's ability to conceptualize challenging concepts such as dissociation and the use of self-report measures to form diagnostic groups. The PTSD-DS diagnosis may offer clinical utility to the extant PTSD diagnosis in children and adolescents, as dissociation has been shown to be a contributory factor in the maintenance of both PTSS and functional impairment. Further research is required to inform further editions of the DSM and other diagnostic systems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":"63 3","pages":"330-346"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjc.12461","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140132878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acceptability of internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for adults with symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A meta-analysis","authors":"Shifra Waks,&nbsp;Karen Moses,&nbsp;Bethany M. Wootton","doi":"10.1111/bjc.12462","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjc.12462","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic mental health disorder. Internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) is demonstrated to be effective for OCD; however little is known about the acceptability of the treatment. Therefore the aim of this study was to examine the acceptability of ICBT for adults with OCD symptoms using a meta-analytic approach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventeen studies (<i>N</i> = 1661; <i>M</i>_age range = 28–41 years; 58%–93% female) were included in this analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The random effects pooled estimates indicated that 16.3% (95% CI: 9.8%–25.7%) of participants did not commence the treatment once they were enrolled in the study, 27.6% (95% CI: 19.0%–38.2%) did not complete the treatment, and 27.0% (95% CI: 18.2%–38.0%) did not complete the post-treatment questionnaires of the study. The mean score on the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire ranged from 22.4 to 26.5. Overall, pooled estimates indicated that 81.6% (95% CI: 76.1%–86.0%) of participants were satisfied with the ICBT intervention and 84.7% (95% CI: 72.8%–92.0%) indicated that they would recommend the treatment to a friend. Some of the acceptability moderator analyses indicated that self-guided ICBT interventions had lower levels of acceptability compared with clinician-guided interventions. However, given low power, these results should be considered preliminary.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study has important implications in the dissemination of ICBT for OCD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":"63 3","pages":"315-329"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjc.12462","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140132877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of attachment style on support and feedback seeking and depression severity among mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Caroline Capute,&nbsp;Leanne Quigley,&nbsp;Jordan Bate","doi":"10.1111/bjc.12458","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjc.12458","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The ways that people seek support during times of stress influence their mental health outcomes, including depression. Insecure attachment is a risk factor for depression and may also interfere with adaptive support and feedback-seeking behaviour during stress. The purpose of the present study was to test theorized associations between insecure attachment, support and feedback seeking, and changes in depression symptoms over 1 year, in a sample of mothers of school-age children in the context of stress elicited by the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants (<i>N</i> = 70 mothers) completed self-report measures of anxious and avoidant attachment and depression severity at baseline in spring 2020 and then completed measures of past-year engagement in direct and indirect support seeking and excessive reassurance seeking (ERS), preference for negative feedback, and depression severity at a follow-up assessment in summer 2021.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Greater attachment anxiety at baseline predicted more frequent direct support seeking, indirect support seeking, and ERS during the 1-year follow-up period. In turn, greater indirect support seeking predicted greater increases in depression from baseline to follow-up. Greater attachment avoidance at baseline predicted less direct support seeking during the 1-year follow-up period. Greater attachment avoidance at baseline also predicted depression severity at follow-up, particularly among mothers with moderate to high levels of attachment anxiety, although none of the examined support and feedback-seeking behaviours mediated this association.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results provide support for the role of activated attachment systems in determining support and feedback-seeking behaviour during stress, as well as the role of support and feedback-seeking behaviour in the maintenance and exacerbation of depression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":"63 3","pages":"295-314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139997910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personal reformulation during the clinical associate psychologist apprenticeship: Exploratory mixed methods evaluation","authors":"Stephen Kellett,&nbsp;Katie Brown,&nbsp;Sheena K. Au-Yeung,&nbsp;Victoria Tew,&nbsp;Glenys Parry","doi":"10.1111/bjc.12459","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjc.12459","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinical associate psychologists (CAPs) train under the auspices of the apprenticeship programme and are a new addition to the psychological workforce. This project sought to evaluate whether a “personal reformulation” (PR) was helpful in terms of personal and professional development during the apprenticeship.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A mixed methods evaluation containing a longitudinal quantitative element and a “Big Q” qualitative element with a single cohort of <i>N</i> = 18 CAPs. A PR consists of a 2-hr one-to-one session and a follow-up session with a cognitive analytic psychotherapist. During a PR, a sequential diagrammatic reformulation is produced to aid recognition and revision of potentially problematic relationship patterns at work. Two outcome measures concerning reflective capacity and professional quality of life were completed at the start of the apprenticeship, pre-PR and at 3-month PR follow-up. The semi-structured interviews (<i>n</i> = 11) conducted at the follow-up were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Quantitative changes were limited to significant increases to general confidence and 8/12 apprentices had a reliable increase in confidence in communication. Qualitatively, five overarching themes were found: (1) <i>gaining insight</i>, (2) <i>wellbeing</i>, (3) <i>nature of the space</i>, (4) <i>being an apprentice</i>, and (5) <i>moving forward</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PRs were generally found to be emotionally challenging, but relatively large amounts of insight are possible from a very brief intervention that can contribute to personal and professional development during clinical training. More controlled research needs to be conducted and wider applications and evaluations of PRs in different professions would be welcome.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":"63 3","pages":"281-294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjc.12459","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139941032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urged to feel certain again: The role of emotion-related impulsivity on the relationships between intolerance of uncertainty and OCD symptom severity","authors":"Junjia Xu,&nbsp;Manon L. Ironside,&nbsp;Hannah C. Broos,&nbsp;Sheri L. Johnson,&nbsp;Kiara R. Timpano","doi":"10.1111/bjc.12456","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjc.12456","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating mental disorder characterized by persistent and intrusive thoughts accompanied by repetitive mental or physical acts. While both intolerance of uncertainty and emotion-related impulsivity have been consistently evidenced as cognitive risk factors of OCD, no studies have considered their joint effects. The current study examined the interaction between intolerance of uncertainty and two forms of emotion-related impulsivity—including both a behavioural and cognitive form—in predicting OCD symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cross-sectional data were collected online from community-based adult participants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants (<i>N</i> = 673) completed a battery of self-report measures of OCD symptom severity, intolerance of uncertainty, and emotion-related impulsivity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The behavioural form of emotion-related impulsivity positively moderated the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and OCD symptoms. Elevated levels of both factors predicted the most severe symptoms, particularly checking, washing, and obsessing. This interaction effect was not found for the cognitive form of emotion-related impulsivity, which still emerged as a unique predictor of OCD symptom severity, specifically obsessing symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Current findings furthered the understanding of the link between intolerance of uncertainty and OCD symptoms by highlighting the role of emotion-related impulsivity. When uncertainty triggers distress in individuals with high intolerance of uncertainty, the urge to behaviourally alleviate this distress could promote the use of maladaptive obsessions and compulsions, leading to greater OCD symptoms. Results also indicated the potentially differential effects from the behavioural versus cognitive forms of emotion-related impulsivity on different symptom domains, and the mechanistic link here is worthy of further investigation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":"63 2","pages":"258-272"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjc.12456","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139730749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}